Flexible insect wings deform passively under the periodic loading during flapping flight. The wing flexibility is considered as one of the specific mechanisms on improving insect flight performance. The constitutive r...Flexible insect wings deform passively under the periodic loading during flapping flight. The wing flexibility is considered as one of the specific mechanisms on improving insect flight performance. The constitutive relation of the insect wing material plays a key role on the wing deformation, but has not been clearly understood yet. A viscoelastic constitutive relation model was established based on the stress relaxation ex- periment of a dragonfly wing （in vitro）. This model was examined by the finite element analysis of the dynamic deformation response for a model insect wing under the action of the periodical inertial force in flapping. It is revealed that the viscoelastic constitutive relation is rational to characterize the biomaterial property of insect wings in contrast to the elastic one. The amplitude and form of the passive viscoelastic deformation of the wing is evidently dependent on the viscous parameters in the constitutive relation.展开更多
Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) has been applied in many areas, such as EHD enhanced heat transfer, EHD pump, electrospray mass spectrometry, electrospray nano- technology, etc. The basic theories underlying these applicat...Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) has been applied in many areas, such as EHD enhanced heat transfer, EHD pump, electrospray mass spectrometry, electrospray nano- technology, etc. The basic theories underlying these applications and a brief review of the EHD advances are presented in this paper. As electrospray is an important branch of EHD, the applications of electrospray are particularly discussed. Finally, this paper gives some suggestions for the future research and development.展开更多
When the source nodes are on the global boundary in the implementation of local boundary integral equation method （LBIEM）, singularities in the local boundary integrals need to be treated specially. In the current p...When the source nodes are on the global boundary in the implementation of local boundary integral equation method （LBIEM）, singularities in the local boundary integrals need to be treated specially. In the current paper, local integral equations are adopted for the nodes inside the domain and moving least square approximation （MLSA） for the nodes on the global boundary, thus singularities will not occur in the new al- gorithm. At the same time, approximation errors of boundary integrals are reduced significantly. As applications and numerical tests, Laplace equation and Helmholtz equation problems are considered and excellent numerical results are obtained. Furthermore, when solving the Helmholtz problems, the modified basis functions with wave solutions are adapted to replace the usually-used monomial basis functions. Numerical results show that this treatment is simple and effective and its application is promising in solutions for the wave propagation problem with high wave number.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 90305009, 10232010 and 10072066)the Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos. KJCX-SW-L04 and KJCX2-SW-L2)
文摘Flexible insect wings deform passively under the periodic loading during flapping flight. The wing flexibility is considered as one of the specific mechanisms on improving insect flight performance. The constitutive relation of the insect wing material plays a key role on the wing deformation, but has not been clearly understood yet. A viscoelastic constitutive relation model was established based on the stress relaxation ex- periment of a dragonfly wing （in vitro）. This model was examined by the finite element analysis of the dynamic deformation response for a model insect wing under the action of the periodical inertial force in flapping. It is revealed that the viscoelastic constitutive relation is rational to characterize the biomaterial property of insect wings in contrast to the elastic one. The amplitude and form of the passive viscoelastic deformation of the wing is evidently dependent on the viscous parameters in the constitutive relation.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.5576022)Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KJCX-SW-L2)"Sponsor Project on Graduators'Science and Society Practice of Chinese Academy Society".
文摘Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) has been applied in many areas, such as EHD enhanced heat transfer, EHD pump, electrospray mass spectrometry, electrospray nano- technology, etc. The basic theories underlying these applications and a brief review of the EHD advances are presented in this paper. As electrospray is an important branch of EHD, the applications of electrospray are particularly discussed. Finally, this paper gives some suggestions for the future research and development.
文摘When the source nodes are on the global boundary in the implementation of local boundary integral equation method （LBIEM）, singularities in the local boundary integrals need to be treated specially. In the current paper, local integral equations are adopted for the nodes inside the domain and moving least square approximation （MLSA） for the nodes on the global boundary, thus singularities will not occur in the new al- gorithm. At the same time, approximation errors of boundary integrals are reduced significantly. As applications and numerical tests, Laplace equation and Helmholtz equation problems are considered and excellent numerical results are obtained. Furthermore, when solving the Helmholtz problems, the modified basis functions with wave solutions are adapted to replace the usually-used monomial basis functions. Numerical results show that this treatment is simple and effective and its application is promising in solutions for the wave propagation problem with high wave number.
