Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are neurodegenerative disorders pathologically classified by the accumulation of amyloidogenic proteins into insoluble inclusions within the brain.Specifically,amyloid plaques in...Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are neurodegenerative disorders pathologically classified by the accumulation of amyloidogenic proteins into insoluble inclusions within the brain.Specifically,amyloid plaques in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease patients are comprised of amyloid-β(Aβ)peptide,the product of sequential cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein byβ-andγ-secretases.Similarly,α-synuclein is a major component of Lewy bodies associated with Parkinson’s disease.展开更多
Autoantibody against neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) α3 subunit is implicated in severe autonomic dysfunction in the patients with autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG). Although this autoantibo...Autoantibody against neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) α3 subunit is implicated in severe autonomic dysfunction in the patients with autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG). Although this autoantibody has been revealed to impair fast excitatory synaptic transmission in autonomic ganglia, its precise mechanism remains unknown. Here, we show that antibody-induced reduction of cell-surface α3 subunits result in impairment of nicotine-evoked Ca2+ influx in stably transfected human embryonic kidney cells. These effects of the antibody were remarkably inhibited by interfering with the endocytic machinery at low-temperature. We conclude that reduction of nAChR in autonomic ganglia can be mediated by the endocytosis of α3 subunits, and resulted in autonomic failure in AAG patients.展开更多
The authors examined blood pressure, glucose, insulin, and neurotensin before and after intake of 75 g glucose with or without voglibose in 28 neurologic patients and 20 healthy controls. Voglibose significantly preve...The authors examined blood pressure, glucose, insulin, and neurotensin before and after intake of 75 g glucose with or without voglibose in 28 neurologic patients and 20 healthy controls. Voglibose significantly prevented hypotension and neurotensin increment after glucose intake and had no influence on glucose or insulin increment. These results suggest that voglibose benefits postprandial hypotension.展开更多
文摘Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are neurodegenerative disorders pathologically classified by the accumulation of amyloidogenic proteins into insoluble inclusions within the brain.Specifically,amyloid plaques in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease patients are comprised of amyloid-β(Aβ)peptide,the product of sequential cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein byβ-andγ-secretases.Similarly,α-synuclein is a major component of Lewy bodies associated with Parkinson’s disease.
文摘Autoantibody against neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) α3 subunit is implicated in severe autonomic dysfunction in the patients with autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG). Although this autoantibody has been revealed to impair fast excitatory synaptic transmission in autonomic ganglia, its precise mechanism remains unknown. Here, we show that antibody-induced reduction of cell-surface α3 subunits result in impairment of nicotine-evoked Ca2+ influx in stably transfected human embryonic kidney cells. These effects of the antibody were remarkably inhibited by interfering with the endocytic machinery at low-temperature. We conclude that reduction of nAChR in autonomic ganglia can be mediated by the endocytosis of α3 subunits, and resulted in autonomic failure in AAG patients.
文摘The authors examined blood pressure, glucose, insulin, and neurotensin before and after intake of 75 g glucose with or without voglibose in 28 neurologic patients and 20 healthy controls. Voglibose significantly prevented hypotension and neurotensin increment after glucose intake and had no influence on glucose or insulin increment. These results suggest that voglibose benefits postprandial hypotension.
