Diagnostic Accuracy of Gray Scale Sonography for the Detection of Malignant Breast Tumour

Background: Gray scale sonography is an important diagnostic tool for the detection of malignant breast tumour. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the diagnostic validity gray scale sonography to detect malignant lesions of breast. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of Radiology and Imaging, in collaboration with the department of Surgery and Pathology at Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from July 2008 to June 2009 for a period of one year. Women presented with clinically suspected breast mass from outpatients’ department (OPD) or inpatient department (IPD) were purposively selected and was Ultrasonographic diagnosis. 2-D Real-Time B-Mode Ultrasonographic examinations were done using high frequency (7.5 MHz) linear transducer. Result: Test of validity was done for color Doppler Sonographic findings in evaluation of benign and malignant breast lesion. Out of 50 cases, 23 cases were true positive;4 cases were false negative;1 case was false positive;22 cases were true negative confirmed by histopathology. Here sensitivity and specificity of Gray scale ultrasonography were 85.18% and 95.0% respectively. Here accuracy of Gray scale study was 90.0%. Positive predictive value was 95.83% and negative predictive value was 84.61%. Conclusion: Gray scale ultrasonography is a useful method in the differentiation between benign and malignant breast masses.

Test Accuracy of CT-Scan for the Detection of Malignant Liver Mass

Background: Detection of malignant liver mass is very important for the treatment modalities. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to establish the usefulness of CT scan in the diagnosis of malignant hepatic mass. Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Radiology and Imaging at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka and Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka during the period of 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2007. Patients admitted in the Department of Medicine and Department of Hepatobiliary of MMCH, BSMMU, and DMCH with the clinical diagnosis of fever, abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea/vomiting, loss of appetite, jaundice, weight loss and ascites were selected as study population. CT scan and histopathology were performed to all the patients. Result: A total number of 50 patients were recruited for this study. Mean age of all patients was 51.28 ± 14 years with a range of 17 year to 78 years. Among all patients 28 had multiple lesion, of them 71.4% was malignant and 28.6% was benign. On the other side 22 patients had solitary lesion, of them 36.4% was malignant and 63.6% was benign

Primary Sites of Gastric Carcinoma with Metastatic Spread Detected by Transabdominal Hydrosonography: Experience of 76 Cases in Bangladesh

Background: Metastasis is frequently occurred among the gastric carcinoma patients. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to detect the different primary sites of gastric carcinoma by ultrasonography with the metastatic spread. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried in the department of Radiology and Imaging of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2009 to June 2011 for a period of two (2) years. Clinically suspected gastric carcinoma patients attended at indoor and outdoor Surgery department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka were selected as study population. All the patients were examined by ultrasonography of upper abdomen and or Ba-meal X-ray. Detailed clinical history and relevant points in clinical examination and investigations were noted. The sonographic findings were noted. The extent of tumour infiltration and metastasis was assessed in all patients with suspected gastric malignancy. All these patients were properly follow up and collect the endoscopic biopsy and/or surgical resection biopsy reports. In all patients who underwent operation the extent of tumour infiltration and metastasis was looked for and was noted. Results: A total number of 76 patients were included in this study. Among 76 patients, 3 unwilling to take part in the study, 4 patients refused to undergo endoscopy or surgery, 5 patients were unfit for the same and in 4 cases, and histopathological reports were not available. Ultimately 60 patients were evaluated finally. The commonest site of involvement of gastric carcinoma as determined by ultrasound was the antrum 13 out of 23 cases (56.52%). Among them metastatic para-aortic lymph nodes were seen in seven patients and hepatic metastases was detected in five patients’ ascites was seen in eleven patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, the most common site of gastric carcinoma is the antral part of stomach and majority are metastasized in peritoneum.

CT-Scan Findings of Hepatic Mass Patients Attending at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Background: CT-scan is a very useful diagnostic tool for the detection of hepatic mass. Objective: The present study was undertaken to determine the CT-scan findings of benign and malignant hepatic mass patients. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Radiology and Imaging Department at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh;Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka and Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka with the collaboration of Pathology Department of the same institute for histopathological confirmation. This study was carried out from January 2006 to December 2007 for a period of 2 years. The patients who were clinically suspected of having hepatic mass attended in the Radiology and Imaging Department in the above mentioned institutes were included as study population. All the CT-scan findings were recorded. Result: A total number of 50 patients were enrolled for this study. CT-scan was done among 40 males and 10 females with a mean age of 51.28 years old. Hypodensity was found in 17 (60.7%) and 18 (81.8%) cases in malignant and benign hepatic lesions respectively. Ill-defined margin was detected in 12 (42.9%) and 6 (27.3%) cases respectively. Calcification was present on 11 (39.3%) malignant lesion and 6 (27.3%) benign lesions. Pressure effect on biliary apparatus was found in 11 (39.3%) malignant lesions and 1 (4.5%) benign lesions (p < 0.05). Lymphadenopathy was found in 10 (35.7%) malignant lesions and 1 (4.5%) benign lesions (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, CT-scan findings of malignant and benign hepatic mass show hypodensity with more contrast enhancement in malignant lesions with more calcification in malignant lesion;however, significant difference is detected in pressure effect on biliary apparatus and lymphadenopathy.