β-elemene promotes miR-127-3p maturation,induces NSCLCs autophagy,and enhances macrophage M1 polarization through exosomal communication

β-elemene has been observed to exert inhibitory effects on a multitude of tumors,primarily through multiple pathways such as the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis.The present study is designed to elucidate the role and underlying mechanisms ofβ-elemene in the therapeutic intervention of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Both in vitro and in vivo experimental models corroborate the inhibitory potency ofβ-elemene on NSCLCs.Our findings indicate thatβ-elemene facilitates the maturation of miR-127-3p by inhibiting CBX8.Functioning as an upstream regulator of MAPK4,miR-127-3p deactivates the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K pathway by targeting MAPK4,thereby inducing autophagy in NSCLCs.Additionally,β-elemene augments the packaging of miR-127-3p into exosomes via SYNCRIP.Exosomal miR-127-3p further stimulates M1 polarization of macrophages by suppressing ZC3H4.Taken together,the detailed understanding of the mechanisms through whichβ-elemene induces autophagy in NSCLCs and facilitates M1 polarization of macrophages provides compelling scientific evidence supporting its potential utility in NSCLC treatment.

乳腺癌患者骨髓微小转移灶的检测及临床意义

目的：检测乳腺癌患者骨髓微小转移灶，分析其与临床病期及远处转移的关系，并探讨其临床意义。 方法：采用上皮膜抗原(EMA)单克隆抗体为探针，用免疫组化ABC法检测乳腺癌患者骨髓中EMA表达阳性细胞。结果：58例乳腺癌患者有33例骨髓中找到EMA表达阳性细胞，阳性率为57%；晚期患者阳性细胞检出率显著增高；术后复发及有骨转移的患者较无复发及骨转移的患者阳性细胞检出率高；该方法与骨髓常规涂片检查比较，其阳性细胞检出率有显著差异。 结论：骨髓中EMA表达阳性细胞的检测可作为评价乳腺癌患者病情、了解有无复发及骨转移的重要指标之一。

Regional hyperthermia combined with intrapleural chemotherapy in patients with malignant pleural effusion

Objective: The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of regional hyperthermia combined with intrapleural chemotherapy and to evaluate the effect on the immunologic cells and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with malignant pleural effusion. Methods: The 102 patients with malignant pleural effusion were included in this study: 52 patients undergoing regional hyperthermia with intrapleural chemotherapy (HICT), and 50 patients treated with intrapleural chemotherapy (ICT). Chemotherapy was administered into the thoracic cavity weekly through a tube with CDDP (dose = 40 mg/m2), and hyperthermia was performed twice a week for 60 minutes following the ICT. We evaluated the response rates and side-effects after 4 weeks. Before and after the treatment, T cell subsets and NK cells were detected by flow cytometry and VEGF was measured with ELISA kits. Results: Compared HICT to ICT, the overall response rates of the whole group, breast cancers and lung cancers were 80.8% vs 54% (P < 0.01), 86.7% vs 56.3% (P > 0.05) and 78.4% vs 52.9% (P < 0.05) respectively. The ratios of CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and NK cells increased and the concentration of VEGF decreased more significantly after HICT. Conclusion: We concluded that combined regional hyperthermia with intrapleural chemotherapy could control the malignant pleural effusion effectively with mild toxicity. The levels of the T cell subset, NK cells and VEGF in both blood and effusion changed obviously.

Unusual side effect and dramatic response from gefitinib as first-line use in a male-patient with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma

A 45-year-old man with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma was treated with gefitinib. The most severe side effect was hemorrhagic cystitis but he had a dramatic response.

A novel nomogram for predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients following immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment beyond progression:a single center study based on Chinese population

Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)persists as a dominant cause of cancer-related mortality globally,with a notably rapid escalation in mortality rates.The advent of immunotherapy,particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),has ushered in a new era in the management of liver cancer,albeit with unresolved challenges in the context of treatment beyond progression(TBP)and stratified prognosis in diverse populations.This study aimed to develop and validate a novel nomogram model to identify factors that predict the benefit of continued immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma patients following disease progression in clinical practice.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of ICIs in TBP,focusing on the Chinese population with advanced liver cancer.A nomogram was constructed based on four independent risk factors identified through Cox multivariate analysis,aiming to predict patient prognosis post-ICI treatment.The model was validated through receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis and categorized patients into high-,intermediate-,and low-risk groups,with further validation using calibration plots and decision curve analysis(DCA).Results:The low-risk group demonstrated significantly enhanced overall survival(OS)compared to the high-risk group,with the nomogram predictions aligning closely with actual outcomes for 6-and 9-month OS.The model exhibited commendable predictive accuracy,achieving a C-index exceeding 0.7 in both training and validation datasets.The DCA underscored the clinical utility of the nomogram-based prognostic model,further substantiated by the area under the ROC curve(AUC).Conclusions:The developed nomogram presents a potentially valuable tool for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients undergoing ICI therapy beyond progression,particularly within the Chinese demographic.However,the study is constrained by its retrospective,single-center nature and necessitates further validation through large-scale,multicenter clinical studies across varied populations.