Detection of diabetic retinopathy in its early stages using textural features of optical coherence tomography angiography

The aim of this study is to detect whether the quantitative textural features of optical coherencetomography angiography (OCTA) images can be used to detect the eyes in the early stage ofdiabetic retinopathy (DR) from eyes with diabetes and no DR (NDR). Textural features includingfractal dimension, contrast, correlation, entropy, energy, and homogeneity were calculatedfrom the OCTA images. The Student's t-test was performed to identify the textural featuresthat can be able to detect DR in the early stage. The area under the receiver operating characteristic(AUROC) curves, sensitivity, and specicity were calculated between the study groups.Our results indicated that the fractal dimension in ICP and SVP and the correlation in SVCshowed the statistical signicance between mild NPDR patients and NDR patients. The ROCanalysis results showed that the AUROC of the fractal dimension in ICP was 0.736 with 0.773sensitivity and 0.700 specicity. The cuto® point in ICP was 2.616. The OCTA-based fractaldimension was able to discriminate diabetic eyes with early retinopathy from healthy and NDRwith higher sensitivity and specicity. The OCTA-based correlation showed the power to differentiatethe mild NPDR eyes from the normal healthy and diabetic eyes. These results suggestthat texture-based features of OCTA have the potential to assist in the assessment of therapeuticinterventions to prevent early DR in diabetic subjects.

Quantitative analysis of early diabetic retinopathy based on optical coherence tomography angiography biological image

BACKGROUND With the development of the economy and improvements in living standards,the incidences of diabetes mellitus(DM)and diabetic retinopathy(DR),which is a complication of DM,are on the rise.AIM To analyze early DR in patients with macular zone changes in biological images using optical coherence tomography angiography METHODS A prospective case study was performed on 59 participants:35 healthy eyes(control group),35 eyes with diabetes but no DR group(no DR group),and 35 eyes with mild DR(NPDR group).All quantitative comparisons of parameters,including the fovea vascularity area,circularity index,and vascular complexity parameters,were performed using a biological image analysis software.RESULTS The foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area,FAZ circularity index,number of branches in the area,and the total of the single branches’length in the area was 0.366±0.031,0.834±0.037,3241.8±268.3,and 3.860×107±0.194×107,and 0.421±0.030,0.739±0.023,2956.6±476.4,and 3.177×107±0.161×107 in the no DR group and the NPDR group,respectively,which were significantly different from the corresponding parameters of the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,there were significant differences between these two groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION This study shows that early microcirculation changes in the macular area of the retina is associated with disease progression.Early changes in DR can be analyzed using optical coherence tomography angiography.

Blood pressure change during phacoemulsification and femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery

AIM： To evaluate blood pressure（BP） changes during phacoemulsification（PC） and femtosecond laser（FSL）-assisted cataract surgery.METHODS： A retrospective chart review was performed for all patients who received traditional phacoemulsification surgery（PC group） and FSL-assisted cataract surgery（FS group） from July 2013 to December 2014. Totally 206 eyes from 133 patients receiving the two types of procedures were included.Patient characteristics（age, gender, and hypertension history）, pre- and post-operative BPs were collected.RESULTS： The pro-operative systolic and diastolic BPs（mm Hg） were 124.89 ±20.48 vs 126.98 ±16.85, and71.88 ±9.81 vs 73.56 ±10.03, in PC and FS groups,respectively. While the post-operative systolic and diastolic BPs（mm Hg） were 130.13 ±22.59 vs 134.77 ±17.52, and 73.41 ±11.62 vs 78.89 ±12.2, in PC and FS groups, respectively. Paired-sample t-tests showed obvious systolic and diastolic BP elevations in FS group after surgery（P =0.001 and 0.007） and no reliability in PC group（P =0.094 and 0.359）. A linear regression model revealed systolic and diastolic BP elevations,which were related to longer surgical times for FS group（P =0.008 and 0.021）. Age, gender, and hypertension history were not correlated with blood pressure elevation in either group.CONCLUSION： BP increases but at a limited level after FSL-assisted cataract surgery compared to traditional phacoemulsification