Macrophages are key players in various immune responses. In addition to functions in innate immunity such as antigen phagocytosis and cytokine production, antigen presentation by macrophage represents a link between i...Macrophages are key players in various immune responses. In addition to functions in innate immunity such as antigen phagocytosis and cytokine production, antigen presentation by macrophage represents a link between innate and acquired immunity. During inflammatory processes, na?ve monocytes differentiate into proinflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Resident monocytes/macrophages contribute to immune response that maintains tissue-specific homeostasis. In the target organs of autoimmune diseases, macrophages have dual functions in both the induction and suppression of autoimmune responses, which are mediated by production of various cytokines and chemokines, or by interaction with other immune cells. This review focuses on selected autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Sj?gren's syndrome, to illustrate the key roles of macrophages in the cellular or molecular pathogenesis of autoimmunity. In addition, the contribution of macrophages to each autoimmune disease is compared.展开更多
文摘Macrophages are key players in various immune responses. In addition to functions in innate immunity such as antigen phagocytosis and cytokine production, antigen presentation by macrophage represents a link between innate and acquired immunity. During inflammatory processes, na?ve monocytes differentiate into proinflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Resident monocytes/macrophages contribute to immune response that maintains tissue-specific homeostasis. In the target organs of autoimmune diseases, macrophages have dual functions in both the induction and suppression of autoimmune responses, which are mediated by production of various cytokines and chemokines, or by interaction with other immune cells. This review focuses on selected autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Sj?gren's syndrome, to illustrate the key roles of macrophages in the cellular or molecular pathogenesis of autoimmunity. In addition, the contribution of macrophages to each autoimmune disease is compared.
