BACKGROUND Uterine rupture is a fatal medical complication with a high mortality rate.Most cases of uterine rupture occur in late pregnancy or during labor and are mainly related to uterine scarring due to previous su...BACKGROUND Uterine rupture is a fatal medical complication with a high mortality rate.Most cases of uterine rupture occur in late pregnancy or during labor and are mainly related to uterine scarring due to previous surgical procedures.Adenomyosis is a possible risk factor for uterine rupture.However,spontaneous uterine rupture due to severe adenomyosis in a non-gravida-teenaged female has not been reported in the literature to date.CASE SUMMARY A 16-year-old girl was referred to our hospital for acute abdominal pain and hypovolemic shock with a blood pressure of 90/50 mmHg.Radiologic studies revealed a huge endometrial mass with multiple nodules in the lung,suggesting lung metastasis.The patient underwent an emergency total hysterectomy and wedge resection of the lung nodules.Histologically,the uterus showed diffuse adenomyosis with glandular and stromal dissociation.Lung nodules were endometrioma with massive hemorrhage.Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the tumor cells were positive for PAX8,ER,and PR expression,leading to a final diagnosis of pulmonary endometriosis and uterine adenomyosis.Following surgery,the patient remains in good condition without recurrence.CONCLUSION This is the first case of spontaneous uterine rupture due to adenomyosis in a nongravida adolescent.展开更多
Endogenous neural stem cells become "activated" after neuronal injury, but the activation sequence and fate of endogenous neural stem cells in focal cerebral ischemia model are little known. We evaluated the...Endogenous neural stem cells become "activated" after neuronal injury, but the activation sequence and fate of endogenous neural stem cells in focal cerebral ischemia model are little known. We evaluated the relationships between neural stem cells and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in a photothromobotic rat stroke model using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. We also evaluated the chronological changes of neural stem cells by 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine(BrdU) incorporation. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression was initially increased from 1 hour after ischemic injury, followed by vascular endothelial growth factor expression. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α immunoreactivity was detected in the ipsilateral cortical neurons of the infarct core and peri-infarct area. Vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity was detected in bilateral cortex, but ipsilateral cortex staining intensity and numbers were greater than the contralateral cortex. Vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactive cells were easily found along the peri-infarct area 12 hours after focal cerebral ischemia. The expression of nestin increased throughout the microvasculature in the ischemic core and the peri-infarct area in all experimental rats after 24 hours of ischemic injury. Nestin immunoreactivity increased in the subventricular zone during 12 hours to 3 days, and prominently increased in the ipsilateral cortex between 3–7 days. Nestin-labeled cells showed dual differentiation with microvessels near the infarct core and reactive astrocytes in the peri-infarct area. BrdU-labeled cells were increased gradually from day 1 in the ipsilateral subventricular zone and cortex, and numerous BrdU-labeled cells were observed in the peri-infarct area and non-lesioned cortex at 3 days. BrdU-labeled cells rather than neurons, were mainly co-labeled with nestin and GFAP. Early expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor after ischemia made up the microenvironment to increase the neuronal plasticity of activated endogenous neural stem cells. Moreover, neural precursor cells after large-scale cortical injury could be recruited from the cortex nearby infarct core and subventricular zone.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma (UES) of the liver is a rare,highly malignant neoplasm with a poor prognosis occurring almost exclusively in late childhood (6-10 years of age).Only a few cases have been ...BACKGROUND:Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma (UES) of the liver is a rare,highly malignant neoplasm with a poor prognosis occurring almost exclusively in late childhood (6-10 years of age).Only a few cases have been reported in adults accounting for less than 1% of all primary liver neoplasms.METHODS:A 47-year-old woman presented with a palpable mass in the left upper abdomen.Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 12×10 cm cystic mass with hemorrhage in the left lateral segment of the liver.The initial impression was a hemorrhagic cystic tumor of the liver.The patient underwent a left lateral sectionectomy of the liver.Histopathology and immunohistochemistry helped make a diagnosis of UES.RESULTS:The patient recovered uneventfully and received systemic chemotherapy.Radiologic examination for follow-up revealed a metastatic lesion in the lumbar spine (L5).She was subjected to radiotherapy at the lumbar spine.She survived 48 months.CONCLUSION:Although hepatic cyst as UES of the liver is difficult to diagnose because of its rarity in adults and lack of specific findings,it should be considered in a differential diagnosis.展开更多
Excessive noise, ototoxic drugs, infections, autoimmune diseases, and aging can cause loss of spiral ganglion neurons, leading to permanent sensorineural hearing loss in mammals. Stem cells have been confirmed to be a...Excessive noise, ototoxic drugs, infections, autoimmune diseases, and aging can cause loss of spiral ganglion neurons, leading to permanent sensorineural hearing loss in mammals. Stem cells have been confirmed to be able to differentiate into spiral ganglion neurons. Little has been reported on adipose tissue-derived stem cells(ADSCs) for repair of injured spiral ganglion neurons. In this study, we hypothesized that transplantation of neural induced-human ADSCs(NI-h ADSCs) can repair the injured spiral ganglion neurons in guinea pigs with neomycin-induced sensorineural hearing loss. NI-h ADSCs were induced with culture medium containing basic fibroblast growth factor and forskolin and then injected to the injured cochleae. Guinea pigs that received injection of Hanks' balanced salt solution into the cochleae were used as controls. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that at 8 weeks after cell transplantation, the number of surviving spiral ganglion neurons in the cell transplantation group was significantly increased than that in the control group. Also at 8 weeks after cell transplantation, immunohistochemical staining showed that a greater number of NI-h ADSCs in the spiral ganglions were detected in the cell transplantation group than in the control group, and these NI-h ADSCs expressed neuronal markers neurofilament protein and microtubule-associated protein 2. Within 8 weeks after cell transplantation, the guinea pigs in the cell transplantation group had a gradually decreased auditory brainstem response threshold, while those in the control group had almost no response to 80 d B of clicks or pure tone burst. These findings suggest that a large amount of NI-h ADSCs migrated to the spiral ganglions, survived for a period of time, repaired the injured spiral ganglion cells, and thereby contributed to the recovery of sensorineural hearing loss in guinea pigs.展开更多
HUMAN herpes simplex virus esophagitis(HSVE)was first reported in 1940 by Johnson HSVE usually occurs in immunocompromised patients,such as those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),malignancies,cutaneousbur...HUMAN herpes simplex virus esophagitis(HSVE)was first reported in 1940 by Johnson HSVE usually occurs in immunocompromised patients,such as those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),malignancies,cutaneousburns,connective tissue diseases,inflammatory boweldisease,those taking immuno-suppressive therapy,and those undergoing organ transplantation,et.展开更多
AIM: To compared the prognosis of middle third gastric carcinoma(MGC) patients with those of patients with proximal/distal gastric carcinoma(PGC/DGC).METHODS: Of 3299 patients diagnosed with gastric carcinoma who unde...AIM: To compared the prognosis of middle third gastric carcinoma(MGC) patients with those of patients with proximal/distal gastric carcinoma(PGC/DGC).METHODS: Of 3299 patients diagnosed with gastric carcinoma who underwent surgery at our hospital over a 15-year period, 919(27.9%) were diagnosed with MGC. For each patient, the following information was obtained from hospital records: Age, sex, tumor size, depth of invasion, histologic type, nodal involvement, extent of lymph node dissection, hepatic metastasis, peritoneal dissemination, stage at initial diagnosis, operative type, curability, and survival rate.RESULTS: T1 category tumors were more common in patients with MGC than in patients with PGC(P < 0.001). Tumor stage(stage Ⅰ), N category(N0), and T category(T1) significantly influenced the 5-year survival rates for patients with curatively resected tumors. A multivariate analysis showed that age, tumor size, serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis, and curability were significant predictors of survival in patients with MGC. The survival rate for MGC patients was similar to that for PGC/DGC patients(52.8% vs 44.4%/51.4%, P = 0.1138). The 5-year survival rate for MGC patients with curative resection was higher than that for MGC patients with non-curative resection(62.9% vs 8.7%, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: These results indicate that tumor location did not affect the prognosis. Curative resection is important for improving the prognosis of patients with MGC.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the association of glutathione S-transferase mu (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase theta (GSTT1) null genotypes with the risk of gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) in a South Korean po...AIM: To evaluate the association of glutathione S-transferase mu (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase theta (GSTT1) null genotypes with the risk of gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) in a South Korean population.METHODS: We conducted a population-based, largescale case-control study including 2213 GCs, 1829 CRCs, and 1699 controls. Null and non-null genotypesof GSTM1 and GSTT1 were determined using realtime PCR.RESULTS: The null genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were not signifi cantly associated with elevated risk of gastric (OR = 1.070, 95% CI = 0.935-1.224; OR = 1.101, 95% CI = 0.963-1.259, respectively) or colorec-tal cancer (OR = 1.065, 95% CI = 0.923-1.228; OR = 1.041, 95% CI = 0.903-1.200, respectively). The frequency of the combined null GST genotype was not different between the two cancer groups and controls. Moreover, smoking, drinking, and age did not modify the association between these genotypes and the risk of gastric or colorectal cancer.CONCLUSION: GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes were not associated with increased risk of GC or CRC in Koreans.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma is a distinct subtype of non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma that mostly involves the gastrointestinal tract.The stomach is the most commonly affected site whereas co...BACKGROUND Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma is a distinct subtype of non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma that mostly involves the gastrointestinal tract.The stomach is the most commonly affected site whereas colorectal involvement occurs very rarely.Given its rarity,the management and clinical outcome of colorectal MALT lymphoma are not well established yet.CASE SUMMARY From the superficial capillary bed in the lower rectum.Endoscopic ultrasonography showed homogenous hypoechoic lesions in the deep mucosal layer.Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)was done for accurate histologic diagnosis and treatment and both the rectal lesions were completely removed en bloc and subsequently diagnosed as primary rectal MALT lymphoma.Herein,we report a case of primary rectal MALT lymphoma in a 68-year-old woman that was treated by only ESD,and the 12-month follow-up revealed no tumour recurrence.CONCLUSION These results of our case and previous reports suggest that endoscopic resection alone may be a feasible and safe treatment for primary colorectal MALT lymphoma and allows organ preservation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers(HCWs)are at an increased risk for exposure to infections.Serratia marcescens(S.marcescens)is a gram-negative,opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen belonging to the Enterobacterieae family...BACKGROUND Healthcare workers(HCWs)are at an increased risk for exposure to infections.Serratia marcescens(S.marcescens)is a gram-negative,opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen belonging to the Enterobacterieae family.A few case reports have been published of chorioamnionitis caused by S.marcescens infection.Immunological changes during pregnancy can also affect the risk of infection.However,few studies have examined hospital-acquired bacterial infection in pregnant HCWs.CASE SUMMARY A 33-year-old woman,a resident in anesthesiology,was admitted at 14 wk gestation for fever with chills.She had no medical history other than contact dermatitis of both hands that started from the beginning of the trainee.There was no obvious infection focus and no bacterial growth in blood cultures.She was discharged after 1 wk of empirical antibiotic treatment.At three weeks before the fever started,she had a blister on the site of contact dermatitis on both hands,she applied antibiotic ointment for three days and the blisters had healed.At 19 wk gestation,she had a high fever and was readmitted.Physical examination and image studies were nonspecific and the patient had no other symptoms.S.marcescens grew in blood cultures at 19 wk gestation.Treatment with intravenous antibiotics was started.However,she suffered a miscarriage at 224/7 wk gestation.Pathologically,the amniotic membrane showed chorioamnionitis with a focal infarct.Subsequently,a placenta tissue culture grew S.marcescens.CONCLUSION HCWs can be exposed to pathogens that can cause opportunistic infections such as S.marcescens.Pregnancy affects the immune system,making it susceptible to opportunistic infections.Therefore,pregnant HCWs may require more preventive measures,including hand hygiene and avoid risk factors(ex.wrapping the skin).展开更多
Renal cell carcinoma can metastasize to virtually any organ, yet synchronous metastasis to the bladder is extremely rare. A 77-year-old woman presented with gross hematuria. Abdominal and chest computed tomography sho...Renal cell carcinoma can metastasize to virtually any organ, yet synchronous metastasis to the bladder is extremely rare. A 77-year-old woman presented with gross hematuria. Abdominal and chest computed tomography showed a bilateral renal masses, bladder dome mass, and multiple lung metastasis. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor and sonography guided renal biopsy were performed. Both pathology diagnoses were clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Targeted therapy using pazopanib was administered to the patient without surgical resection of primary tumors and metastatic lung lesions. Herein, we report the synchronous metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to the bladder and lung.展开更多
The use of natural killer(NK)cells is a promising and safe immunotherapeutic approach in the field of cancer immunotherapy.However,combination treatments are required to enhance the effector functions and therapeutic ...The use of natural killer(NK)cells is a promising and safe immunotherapeutic approach in the field of cancer immunotherapy.However,combination treatments are required to enhance the effector functions and therapeutic efficacy of NK cells.In this study,we investigated the potential of daratumumab(Dara),bortezomib,and dexamethasone(Dvd)to augment the antitumor effects of NK cells in a multiple myeloma(MM)xenograft mouse model.NK cells were expanded and activated using the K562-OX40 ligand and membrane-bound IL-18 and IL-21 in the presence of IL-2 and IL-15 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from MM patients.A human MM xenograft model was established using human RPMI8226-RFP-FLuc cells in NOD/SCID IL-2Rγnull(NSG)mice.Tumor-bearing mice were divided into six treatment groups:no treatment,expanded NK cells(eNKs),Dara,Dara+eNKs,Dvd,and Dvd+eNKs.Dvd treatment strongly enhanced the cytotoxicity of eNKs by upregulating expression of NK cell activation ligands,downregulating expression of NK cell inhibitory ligands,and promoting antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.The combination of eNKs with Dvd significantly prolonged mouse survival and reduced the tumor burden and serum M-protein level.Furthermore,Dvd pretreatment significantly increased eNK persistence and homing to MM sites.Our findings suggest that Dvd treatment potentiates the antimyeloma effects of NK cells expanded and activated ex vivo by modulating immune responses in MM-bearing mice.展开更多
基金the Chonnam National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute,No.BCRI22011.
文摘BACKGROUND Uterine rupture is a fatal medical complication with a high mortality rate.Most cases of uterine rupture occur in late pregnancy or during labor and are mainly related to uterine scarring due to previous surgical procedures.Adenomyosis is a possible risk factor for uterine rupture.However,spontaneous uterine rupture due to severe adenomyosis in a non-gravida-teenaged female has not been reported in the literature to date.CASE SUMMARY A 16-year-old girl was referred to our hospital for acute abdominal pain and hypovolemic shock with a blood pressure of 90/50 mmHg.Radiologic studies revealed a huge endometrial mass with multiple nodules in the lung,suggesting lung metastasis.The patient underwent an emergency total hysterectomy and wedge resection of the lung nodules.Histologically,the uterus showed diffuse adenomyosis with glandular and stromal dissociation.Lung nodules were endometrioma with massive hemorrhage.Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the tumor cells were positive for PAX8,ER,and PR expression,leading to a final diagnosis of pulmonary endometriosis and uterine adenomyosis.Following surgery,the patient remains in good condition without recurrence.CONCLUSION This is the first case of spontaneous uterine rupture due to adenomyosis in a nongravida adolescent.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government,No.NRF-013-2011-1-E00045
文摘Endogenous neural stem cells become "activated" after neuronal injury, but the activation sequence and fate of endogenous neural stem cells in focal cerebral ischemia model are little known. We evaluated the relationships between neural stem cells and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in a photothromobotic rat stroke model using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. We also evaluated the chronological changes of neural stem cells by 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine(BrdU) incorporation. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression was initially increased from 1 hour after ischemic injury, followed by vascular endothelial growth factor expression. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α immunoreactivity was detected in the ipsilateral cortical neurons of the infarct core and peri-infarct area. Vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity was detected in bilateral cortex, but ipsilateral cortex staining intensity and numbers were greater than the contralateral cortex. Vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactive cells were easily found along the peri-infarct area 12 hours after focal cerebral ischemia. The expression of nestin increased throughout the microvasculature in the ischemic core and the peri-infarct area in all experimental rats after 24 hours of ischemic injury. Nestin immunoreactivity increased in the subventricular zone during 12 hours to 3 days, and prominently increased in the ipsilateral cortex between 3–7 days. Nestin-labeled cells showed dual differentiation with microvessels near the infarct core and reactive astrocytes in the peri-infarct area. BrdU-labeled cells were increased gradually from day 1 in the ipsilateral subventricular zone and cortex, and numerous BrdU-labeled cells were observed in the peri-infarct area and non-lesioned cortex at 3 days. BrdU-labeled cells rather than neurons, were mainly co-labeled with nestin and GFAP. Early expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor after ischemia made up the microenvironment to increase the neuronal plasticity of activated endogenous neural stem cells. Moreover, neural precursor cells after large-scale cortical injury could be recruited from the cortex nearby infarct core and subventricular zone.
文摘BACKGROUND:Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma (UES) of the liver is a rare,highly malignant neoplasm with a poor prognosis occurring almost exclusively in late childhood (6-10 years of age).Only a few cases have been reported in adults accounting for less than 1% of all primary liver neoplasms.METHODS:A 47-year-old woman presented with a palpable mass in the left upper abdomen.Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 12×10 cm cystic mass with hemorrhage in the left lateral segment of the liver.The initial impression was a hemorrhagic cystic tumor of the liver.The patient underwent a left lateral sectionectomy of the liver.Histopathology and immunohistochemistry helped make a diagnosis of UES.RESULTS:The patient recovered uneventfully and received systemic chemotherapy.Radiologic examination for follow-up revealed a metastatic lesion in the lumbar spine (L5).She was subjected to radiotherapy at the lumbar spine.She survived 48 months.CONCLUSION:Although hepatic cyst as UES of the liver is difficult to diagnose because of its rarity in adults and lack of specific findings,it should be considered in a differential diagnosis.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by Ministry of Education,Science and Technology,No.2010-0025501a grant from Chonnam National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute,No.CRI11048-1a grant from the Chonnam National University,No.2012-2894
文摘Excessive noise, ototoxic drugs, infections, autoimmune diseases, and aging can cause loss of spiral ganglion neurons, leading to permanent sensorineural hearing loss in mammals. Stem cells have been confirmed to be able to differentiate into spiral ganglion neurons. Little has been reported on adipose tissue-derived stem cells(ADSCs) for repair of injured spiral ganglion neurons. In this study, we hypothesized that transplantation of neural induced-human ADSCs(NI-h ADSCs) can repair the injured spiral ganglion neurons in guinea pigs with neomycin-induced sensorineural hearing loss. NI-h ADSCs were induced with culture medium containing basic fibroblast growth factor and forskolin and then injected to the injured cochleae. Guinea pigs that received injection of Hanks' balanced salt solution into the cochleae were used as controls. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that at 8 weeks after cell transplantation, the number of surviving spiral ganglion neurons in the cell transplantation group was significantly increased than that in the control group. Also at 8 weeks after cell transplantation, immunohistochemical staining showed that a greater number of NI-h ADSCs in the spiral ganglions were detected in the cell transplantation group than in the control group, and these NI-h ADSCs expressed neuronal markers neurofilament protein and microtubule-associated protein 2. Within 8 weeks after cell transplantation, the guinea pigs in the cell transplantation group had a gradually decreased auditory brainstem response threshold, while those in the control group had almost no response to 80 d B of clicks or pure tone burst. These findings suggest that a large amount of NI-h ADSCs migrated to the spiral ganglions, survived for a period of time, repaired the injured spiral ganglion cells, and thereby contributed to the recovery of sensorineural hearing loss in guinea pigs.
文摘HUMAN herpes simplex virus esophagitis(HSVE)was first reported in 1940 by Johnson HSVE usually occurs in immunocompromised patients,such as those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),malignancies,cutaneousburns,connective tissue diseases,inflammatory boweldisease,those taking immuno-suppressive therapy,and those undergoing organ transplantation,et.
文摘AIM: To compared the prognosis of middle third gastric carcinoma(MGC) patients with those of patients with proximal/distal gastric carcinoma(PGC/DGC).METHODS: Of 3299 patients diagnosed with gastric carcinoma who underwent surgery at our hospital over a 15-year period, 919(27.9%) were diagnosed with MGC. For each patient, the following information was obtained from hospital records: Age, sex, tumor size, depth of invasion, histologic type, nodal involvement, extent of lymph node dissection, hepatic metastasis, peritoneal dissemination, stage at initial diagnosis, operative type, curability, and survival rate.RESULTS: T1 category tumors were more common in patients with MGC than in patients with PGC(P < 0.001). Tumor stage(stage Ⅰ), N category(N0), and T category(T1) significantly influenced the 5-year survival rates for patients with curatively resected tumors. A multivariate analysis showed that age, tumor size, serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis, and curability were significant predictors of survival in patients with MGC. The survival rate for MGC patients was similar to that for PGC/DGC patients(52.8% vs 44.4%/51.4%, P = 0.1138). The 5-year survival rate for MGC patients with curative resection was higher than that for MGC patients with non-curative resection(62.9% vs 8.7%, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: These results indicate that tumor location did not affect the prognosis. Curative resection is important for improving the prognosis of patients with MGC.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the association of glutathione S-transferase mu (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase theta (GSTT1) null genotypes with the risk of gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) in a South Korean population.METHODS: We conducted a population-based, largescale case-control study including 2213 GCs, 1829 CRCs, and 1699 controls. Null and non-null genotypesof GSTM1 and GSTT1 were determined using realtime PCR.RESULTS: The null genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were not signifi cantly associated with elevated risk of gastric (OR = 1.070, 95% CI = 0.935-1.224; OR = 1.101, 95% CI = 0.963-1.259, respectively) or colorec-tal cancer (OR = 1.065, 95% CI = 0.923-1.228; OR = 1.041, 95% CI = 0.903-1.200, respectively). The frequency of the combined null GST genotype was not different between the two cancer groups and controls. Moreover, smoking, drinking, and age did not modify the association between these genotypes and the risk of gastric or colorectal cancer.CONCLUSION: GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes were not associated with increased risk of GC or CRC in Koreans.
文摘BACKGROUND Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)lymphoma is a distinct subtype of non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma that mostly involves the gastrointestinal tract.The stomach is the most commonly affected site whereas colorectal involvement occurs very rarely.Given its rarity,the management and clinical outcome of colorectal MALT lymphoma are not well established yet.CASE SUMMARY From the superficial capillary bed in the lower rectum.Endoscopic ultrasonography showed homogenous hypoechoic lesions in the deep mucosal layer.Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)was done for accurate histologic diagnosis and treatment and both the rectal lesions were completely removed en bloc and subsequently diagnosed as primary rectal MALT lymphoma.Herein,we report a case of primary rectal MALT lymphoma in a 68-year-old woman that was treated by only ESD,and the 12-month follow-up revealed no tumour recurrence.CONCLUSION These results of our case and previous reports suggest that endoscopic resection alone may be a feasible and safe treatment for primary colorectal MALT lymphoma and allows organ preservation.
基金Supported by a grant of Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Research Institute of Clinical Medicine,No.HCRI19012。
文摘BACKGROUND Healthcare workers(HCWs)are at an increased risk for exposure to infections.Serratia marcescens(S.marcescens)is a gram-negative,opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen belonging to the Enterobacterieae family.A few case reports have been published of chorioamnionitis caused by S.marcescens infection.Immunological changes during pregnancy can also affect the risk of infection.However,few studies have examined hospital-acquired bacterial infection in pregnant HCWs.CASE SUMMARY A 33-year-old woman,a resident in anesthesiology,was admitted at 14 wk gestation for fever with chills.She had no medical history other than contact dermatitis of both hands that started from the beginning of the trainee.There was no obvious infection focus and no bacterial growth in blood cultures.She was discharged after 1 wk of empirical antibiotic treatment.At three weeks before the fever started,she had a blister on the site of contact dermatitis on both hands,she applied antibiotic ointment for three days and the blisters had healed.At 19 wk gestation,she had a high fever and was readmitted.Physical examination and image studies were nonspecific and the patient had no other symptoms.S.marcescens grew in blood cultures at 19 wk gestation.Treatment with intravenous antibiotics was started.However,she suffered a miscarriage at 224/7 wk gestation.Pathologically,the amniotic membrane showed chorioamnionitis with a focal infarct.Subsequently,a placenta tissue culture grew S.marcescens.CONCLUSION HCWs can be exposed to pathogens that can cause opportunistic infections such as S.marcescens.Pregnancy affects the immune system,making it susceptible to opportunistic infections.Therefore,pregnant HCWs may require more preventive measures,including hand hygiene and avoid risk factors(ex.wrapping the skin).
文摘Renal cell carcinoma can metastasize to virtually any organ, yet synchronous metastasis to the bladder is extremely rare. A 77-year-old woman presented with gross hematuria. Abdominal and chest computed tomography showed a bilateral renal masses, bladder dome mass, and multiple lung metastasis. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor and sonography guided renal biopsy were performed. Both pathology diagnoses were clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Targeted therapy using pazopanib was administered to the patient without surgical resection of primary tumors and metastatic lung lesions. Herein, we report the synchronous metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to the bladder and lung.
基金supported by grants from the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology(2018R1A2B6006200,2018R1A5A2024181,and 2020R1A2C2010098).
文摘The use of natural killer(NK)cells is a promising and safe immunotherapeutic approach in the field of cancer immunotherapy.However,combination treatments are required to enhance the effector functions and therapeutic efficacy of NK cells.In this study,we investigated the potential of daratumumab(Dara),bortezomib,and dexamethasone(Dvd)to augment the antitumor effects of NK cells in a multiple myeloma(MM)xenograft mouse model.NK cells were expanded and activated using the K562-OX40 ligand and membrane-bound IL-18 and IL-21 in the presence of IL-2 and IL-15 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from MM patients.A human MM xenograft model was established using human RPMI8226-RFP-FLuc cells in NOD/SCID IL-2Rγnull(NSG)mice.Tumor-bearing mice were divided into six treatment groups:no treatment,expanded NK cells(eNKs),Dara,Dara+eNKs,Dvd,and Dvd+eNKs.Dvd treatment strongly enhanced the cytotoxicity of eNKs by upregulating expression of NK cell activation ligands,downregulating expression of NK cell inhibitory ligands,and promoting antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.The combination of eNKs with Dvd significantly prolonged mouse survival and reduced the tumor burden and serum M-protein level.Furthermore,Dvd pretreatment significantly increased eNK persistence and homing to MM sites.Our findings suggest that Dvd treatment potentiates the antimyeloma effects of NK cells expanded and activated ex vivo by modulating immune responses in MM-bearing mice.