Dye-sensitized solar cell module realized photovoltaic and photothermal highly efficient conversion via three-dimensional printing technology

Three-dimensional(3D) printing technology is employed to improve the photovoltaic and photothermal conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell(DSC) module. The 3D-printed concentrator is optically designed and improves the photovoltaic efficiency of the DSC module from 5.48% to 7.03%. Additionally, with the 3D-printed microfluidic device serving as water cooling, the temperature of the DSC can be effectively controlled, which is beneficial for keeping a high photovoltaic conversion efficiency for DSC module. Moreover, the 3D-printed microfluidic device can realize photothermal conversion with an instantaneous photothermal efficiency of 42.1%. The integrated device realizes a total photovoltaic and photothermal conversion efficiency of 49% at the optimal working condition.

Hadron spectra and pion form factor in dynamical holographic QCD model with anomalous 5D mass of scalar field

The simplest version of the dynamical holographic QCD model is described by adding the KKSS model action on a dilaton-graviton coupled background,in which the AdS5 metric is deformed by the gluon condensation and further deformed by the chiral condensation.In this framework,both the chiral symmetry breaking and linear confinement can be realized.The light-flavor hadron spectra and the pion form factor were investigated,but it was difficult to reconcile the light-flavor hadron spectra and pion form factor.By considering the anomalous 5-dimension mass correction of the scalar field from QCD running coupling,it is found that the light flavor hadron spectra and pion form factor can be described well simultaneously.In particular,the ground state and lower excitation states of the scalar,pseudo scalar,and axial vector meson spectra are improved.However,the vector meson spectra are not sensitive to the anomalous 5-dimension mass correction of the scalar field.

Critical scalarization and descalarization of black holes in a generalized scalar-tensor theory

We study the critical dynamics in scalarization and descalarization in the fully nonlinear dynamical evolution in the class of theories with a scalar field coupling with both Gauss-Bonnet(GB) invariant and Ricci scalar. We explore the manner in which the GB term triggers black hole(BH) scalarization. A typical type Ⅰ critical phenomenon is observed, in which an unstable critical solution emerges at the threshold and acts as an attractor in the dynamical scalarization. For the descalarization, we reveal that a marginally stable attractor exists at the threshold of the first-order phase transition in shedding off BH hair. This is a new type Ⅰ critical phenomenon in the BH phase transition. Implications of these findings are discussed from the perspective of thermodynamic properties and perturbations for static solutions. We examine the effect of scalar-Ricci coupling on the hyperbolicity in the fully nonlinear evolution and observe that such coupling can suppress the elliptic region and enlarge parameter space in computations.

TypeⅠcritical dynamical scalarization and descalarization in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory

We investigated the critical dynamical scalarization and descalarization of black holes within the framework of the EinsteinMaxwell-scalar theory featuring higher-order coupling functions.Both the critical scalarization and descalarization displayed first-order phase transitions.When examining the nonlinear dynamics near the threshold,we always observed critical solutions that are linearly unstable static scalarized black holes.The critical dynamical scalarization and descalarization share certain similarities with the typeⅠcritical gravitational collapse.However,their initial configurations,critical solutions,and final outcomes differ significantly.To provide further insights into the dynamical results,we conducted a comparative analysis involving static solutions and perturbative analysis.

Statistical Law of High-Energy Fullerene and Its Derivatives Passing Through Graphene

The behavior of graphene bombarded by fullerene(C60 and C70)and its derivatives through using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics method are studied.The microscopic mechanism of passing through graphene is obviously related to the initial structure of destroying carbon-carbon bonds and the strong interaction between the circular region of graphene and the cluster.The probability of passing through graphene depends on the incident velocity of clusters,the species of clusters,the temperature of heat baths,and the defect of graphene.Our results can provide a perspective for further understanding the mechanism of generating nanopores in graphene.The clusters used here may also bring about some potential utilities in tie functionalization of graphene and the production of nanopores.

Detecting Spin Bias with Circularly Polarized Light

We theoretically study the spin transport through a two-terminal quantum dot device under the influence of a symmetric spin bias and circularly polarized light.It is found that the combination of the circularly polarized light and the applied spin bias can result in a net charge current.The resultant charge current is large enough to be measured when properly choosing the system parameters.The resultant charge current can be used to deduce the spin bias due to the fact that there exists a simple linear relation between them.When the external circuit is open,a charge bias instead of a charge current can be induced,which is also measurable by present technologies.These findings indicate a new approach to detect the spin bias by using circularly polarized light.

QCD phase diagram at finite isospin chemical potential and temperature in an IR-improved soft-wall AdS/QCD model

We study the phase transition between the pion condensed phase and normal phase,as well as chiral phase transition in a two flavor(Nf=2)IR-improved soft-wall AdS/QCD model at finite isospin chemical potentialμI and temperature T.By self-consistently solving the equations of motion,we obtain the phase diagram in the plane ofμI and T.The pion condensation appears together with a massless Nambu-Goldstone boson mπ1(Tc,μcI)=0,which is very likely to be a second-order phase transition with mean-field critical exponents in the smallμI region.When T=0,the critical isospin chemical potential approximates to vacuum pion massμcI≈m0.The pion condensed phase exists in an arched area,and the boundary of the chiral crossover intersects the pion condensed phase at a tri-critical point.Qualitatively,the results are in good agreement with previous studies on lattice simulations and model calculations.

The dynamical holographic QCD method for hadron physics and QCD matter

In this paper we present a short overview on the dynamical holographic QCD(DhQCD)method for hadron physics and QCD matter.The five-dimensional DhQCD model is constructed in the graviton-dilaton-scalar framework with the dilaton background fieldΦand the scalar field X dual to the gluon condensate and the chiral condensate operator thus can represent the gluodynamics(linear confinement)and chiral dynamics(chiral symmetry breaking),respectively.The dilaton background field and the scalar field are a function of the 5th dimension,which plays the role of the energy scale,in this way,the DhQCD model can resemble the renormalization group from ultraviolet(UV)to infrared(IR).By solving the Einstein equation,the metric structure at IR is automatically deformed by the nonperturbative gluon condensation and chiral condensation in the vacuum.We review the results on the hadron spectra including the glueball spectra,the light/heavy meson spectra,as well as on QCD phase transitions,and thermodynamical as well as transport properties in the framework of the DhQCD model.

Onset of chaotic gravitational lensing in non-Kerr rotating black holes with quadrupole mass moment

In the electromagnetic channel,chaotic gravitational lensing is a peculiar phenomenon in strong gravita-tional lensing.In this study,we analyze the properties and emergence of chaotic gravitational lensing in the Manko-Novikov black hole spacetime.Aiming to better understand the underlying physics,we elaborate on the boundaries of the accessible region through analyses of the contours of the effective potentials.The latter is associated with the two roots of a quadratic equation.In particular,we explore its interplay with an ergoregion,which leads to specific features of the effective potentials,such as the emergence of a cuspy edge and the formation of a pocket,which serve as static constraints on the geodesics.Additionally,we investigate the properties of the radial and angular accelerations at the turning points in photon trajectories.The accelerations are further examined and may provide kinematic constraints on the geodesics,as argued herein.It is concluded that the onset of the chaotic lensing is significantly related to both con-straints;as a result,an arbitrary slight deviation in the incident photon is significantly amplified during evolution through an extensive period,demonstrating the complexity in the highly nonlinear deterministic gravitational system.

A review of the development of full cell lithium-ion batteries： The impact of nanostructured anode materials

锂离子电池为消费者电子学市场作为最好的便携式的精力存储设备出现了。在 lithiumion 电池的开发的最近的进步被选择阳极材料的使用获得了，它以能力，周期的稳定性，和率能力在性能驾驶了改进。在这方面，研究集中于设计和完整的房间锂离子电池的电气化学的性能，最新利用开发了阳极材料，广泛地被报导了，并且在开发的大迈进被做了。Nanostructured 阳极材料主要作出贡献到完整的房间锂离子电池的发展。与这在头脑，我们在硬币房间的表演总结 nanostructured 阳极材料的影响完整的锂离子电池。这评论也讨论对完整的房间锂离子电池的研究的挑战和前景。

Entanglement wedge cross-section with Gauss-Bonnet corrections and thermal quench

The entanglement wedge cross section(EWCS) is numerically investigated statically and dynamically in a five-dimension Ad SVaidya spacetime with Gauss-Bonnet(GB) corrections, focusing on two identical rectangular strips on the boundary. In the static case, EWCS increases as the GB coupling constant α increases and disentangles at small separation between two strips for smaller α. For the dynamic case, such a monotonic relationship between EWCS and α holds but the two strips no longer disentangle monotonically as in the static case. In the early thermal quenching stage, the disentanglement occurs at smaller αwith larger separations. Two strips then disentangle at larger separation with larger α as time evolves. Our results indicate that the higher-order derivative corrections, like the entanglement measure in the dual boundary theory, also have nontrivial effects on the EWCS evolution.

Controlling Thermal Conductivity of Few-Layer Graphene Nanoribbons by Using the Transversal Pressure

We study the thermal transport of few-layer graphene nanoribbons in the presence of the transversal pressure by using molecular dynamics simulations.It is reported that the pressure can improve the thermal conductivity of few-layer graphene nanoribbons.This improvement can reach 37.5%in the low temperature region.The pressure dependence of thermal conductivity is also investigated for diferent length,width and thickness of few-layer graphene.Our results provide an alternative option to tuning thermal conductivity of few-layer graphene nanoribbons.Furthermore,it maybe indicate a so-called pressure-thermal efect in nanomaterials.

Static Dielectric Function and Interaction Potential in Strong Coupling with AdS/CFT

In this paper, we study the static dielectric function and interaction potential in strong coupling limit with AdS/CFT correspondence. The dielectric function is depressed compared with that in weak coupling. The interaction potential then presents a weaker screening characteristics in strong coupling, which indicates a smaller Debye mass compared with weak coupling.

Criticality of QCD in a holographic QCD model with critical end point

The thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter near the critical end point are investigated in a holographic QCD model, which can describe the QCD phase diagram in T-μ plane qualitatively. Critical exponents along different axes(α,β,γ,δ) are extracted numerically. It is given that α≈0,β≈0.54,γ≈1.04, and δ≈2.97,which is similar to the three-dimensional Ising mean-field approximation and previous holographic QCD model calculations. We also discuss the possibilities to go beyond the mean field approximation by including the full back-reaction of the chiral dynamics in the holographic framework.

Instability of regularized 4D charged Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet de-Sitter black holes

We studied the instability of regularized 4D charged Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet de-Sitter black holes under charged scalar perturbations.The unstable modes satisfy the superradiant condition,but not all of the modes satisfying the superradiant condition are unstable.The instability occurs when the cosmological constant is small and the black hole charge is not too large.The Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant further destabilizes black holes when both the black hole charge and the cosmological constant are small and further stabilizes black holes when the black hole charge is large.

Linear instability of charged massless scalar perturbation in regularized 4D charged Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet anti de-Sitter black holes

We study the linear instability of the charged massless scalar perturbation in regularized 4D charged Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-AdS black holes by exploring their quasinormal modes.We find that the linear instability is triggered by superradiance.The charged massless scalar perturbation becomes more unstable with increasing Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant or black hole charge.Decreasing the AdS radius,on the other hand,will make the charged massless scalar perturbation more stable.The stable region in parameter space(α,Q,Λ)is given.Moreover,we find that the charged massless scalar perturbation is more unstable for larger scalar charge.The modes of multipoles are more stable than that of the monopole.

Out-of-time-order correlators in the one-dimensional XY model

We study the behavior of information spreading in the XY model, using out-of-time-order correlators(OTOCs). The effects of anisotropic parameter γ and external magnetic field λon OTOCs are studied in detail within thermodynamical limits. The universal form which characterizes the wavefront of information spreading still holds in the XY model. The butterfly speed vBdepends on(γ, λ). At a fixed location, the early-time evolution behavior of OTOCs agrees with the results of the Hausdorff–Baker–Campbell expansion. For long-time evolution,OTOCs with local operators decay as for power law t^-1, but those with nonlocal operators show different and nontrivial power law behaviors. We also observe temperature dependence for OTOCs when(γ=0, λ=1). At low temperature, the OTOCs with nonlocal operators show divergence over time.

Informational properties of holographic Lifshitz field theory

In this paper,we explore the properties of holographic entanglement entropy(HEE),mutual information(MI)and entanglement of purification(EoP)in holographic Lifshitz theory.These informational quantities exhibit some universal properties of holographic dual field theory.For most configuration parameters and temperatures,these informational quantities change monotonically with the Lifshitz dynamical critical exponent z.However,we also observe some non-monotonic behaviors for these informational quantities in some specific spaces of configuration parameters and temperatures.A particularly interesting phenomenon is that a dome-shaped diagram emerges in the behavior of MI vs z,and correspondingly a trapezoid-shaped profile appears in that of EoP vs z.This means that for some specific configuration parameters and temperatures,the system measured in terms of MI and EoP is entangled only in a certain intermediate range of z.