Production and Biochemestry-Molecular Analysis of Microbial Community Fermenting Whey as a Potential Probiotic for Use Animals

The aims of this work were: To achieve a simple and low cost propagation of potential probiotic agents using plain whey as a culture medium, study the diversity of the members of the bacterial community (MC) in plain whey and to evaluate the probiotic capacity of this MC. After a systematic selection of agents according to their growing capacity in whey, the constituted MC was considered as a unit. Biochemical characterization of the lactic acid bacteria were performed using the API system. Molecular characterization of the lactic acid bacteria was realized using AFLPTM DNA-fingerprinting, partial 16S rDNA sequence analysis and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The physiological characterization of yeast was determined with the automated microplate method Allev/Biolomics and using yeast characterization system based on standard taxonomic criteria. The identification molecular was realized by PCR-fingerprinting. The resistance of MC to pH and bile salts were evaluated. The MC was composed of agents from different separated Dominium like Bacteria (Lactobacillum) and Eukaria (yeast). They are multispecies and also multistrain assuring high biodiversity. The MC grew at low pH and different concentrations bile salts.

Risk Factors Associated with Unsuccessful Vaginal Birth after One Cesarean (VBAC-1) in Puerto Rico

Background: Cesarean section (CS) has increased steadily over the last decade, with an estimated one-third of women delivering by cesarean section worldwide. Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the demographic and associated factors influencing vaginal birth after one cesarean (VBAC-1) success focusing on variables like pre-pregnancy BMI, diabetes, hypertension, education, and smoking. Study Design and Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed 285 cases (81 unsuccessful VBAC-1, 204 successful VBAC-1) from San Juan City Hospital (Puerto Rico) between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020. We used odds ratios and model selection comparison to assess the impact of variables on successful VBAC-1, using a significance threshold of 95% CI. Model selection assessed binomial model combinations using a generalized linear approach to identify key risk factors. Results: Unsuccessful VBAC-1 (a repeat cesarean), was associated with diabetes (OR: 0.376, p = 0.086), hypertension (OR: 0.23, p = 0.006), and university-educated women (OR: 1.372, p = 0.711). High school-educated women had an OR of 3.966 (p = 0.105), while overweight women were 0.481 times more likely to have unsuccessful VBAC-1 (p = 0.041). Significant associations were not found with obesity (OR: 0.574, p = 0.122), underweight/normal (OR: 1.01, p = 0.810), or smoking (OR: 1.227, p = 0.990). Conclusion: Results revealed women with higher education levels, hypertension, or diabetes are less likely to have a successful VBAC-1. Understanding the complex interactions affecting these outcomes is aimed at establishing guidelines for healthcare professionals to conduct systematic risk/benefit assessments. This study lays a foundation for evidence-based practices and policies, offering initial insights into VBAC-1 success factors in Puerto Rico.

Multispecies Multistrain Probiotic Effects on Calves Development and Health

Experiment was designed to assess alimentary security or any beneficial effect on calve of a multispecies multistrain probiotic (MMP). An experiment with 36 calves, two day old, was conducted to assess the influence of probiotic on growth and health indicators. The treatment period was extended to 45 d. Group 1 received one daily dose of MMP (1.1 × 109 CFU per calf) during 20 d. Group 2 was the untreated control. On a weekly basis, every calf in each group was weighed to determine weight gain. Forty five days after the beginning of the experiment, blood samples were obtained from seven animals from Group 1 and six from Group 2, and peripheral blood neutrophils separated in order to determine metabolic and microbicidal activity. There was a significant increase in H2O2 production and NBT reduction test in MMP treated calves. The MMP not only lacks adverse effects when supplied as food additive, but showed health benefits. The prevention of infection and the highly significant increase of phagocytic activity in peripheral blood leukocytes seen in calves strongly suggest an efficient connection between the MMP and the immune system.

Differences in incidence,staging,and survival of urologic cancers in patients under 65 living in the US-Mexico border region

Objectives:To describe and compare the incidence,stage at diagnosis,and survival for genitourinary cancers in the border regions and in Hispanic-Americans.Materials and methods:A population-based search was performed using the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results Program 18 database and the Texas Cancer Registry from 2000 to 2017.Cox regression models were performed with adjusted for age,gender,race,cancer type,cancer stage,insurance status,and cause of death were used to compare cancer-specific survival.Results:A total of 63,236 kidney and renal pelvis,38,398 bladder,170,640 prostate,24,313 testicular cancer cases were identified.Cancer-specific survivalwas found to beimproved in Hispanic-Americans in kidney and renal pelvis(hazard ratio[HR],0.903,95%confidence interval[CI],0.856-0.952,p=0.0001),and bladder cancers(HR,0.817,95%CI,0.743-0.898,p<0.001),despite a more advanced stage at diagnosis in Hispanics with bladder cancer(p<0.0074).Testicular cancer has a survival disadvantage for individuals living in the border region(HR,1.315,95%CI,1.124-1.539,p=0.0006).Conclusions:Disparities exist between Hispanic-Americans and Non-Hispanic White and also between individuals living in the border counties when compared to other regions.This is most significant in individuals with testicular cancer residing in the border region who demonstrate worse overall survival.