Cholesteatoma is a collection of keratinous debris and stratified squamous epithelium.It is trapped in the middle ear and can lead to bony erosion.The disease is treated surgically often followed by a second-look proc...Cholesteatoma is a collection of keratinous debris and stratified squamous epithelium.It is trapped in the middle ear and can lead to bony erosion.The disease is treated surgically often followed by a second-look procedure to check for residual tissue or recurrence.Cholesteatoma has specific signal-intensity characteristics on magnetic resonance imaging with very high signal intensity on diffusion weighted imaging(DWI).Various DWI techniques exist:Echo-planar imaging(EPI)-based and non-EPI-based techniques as well as new approaches like multi-shot EPI DWI.This article summarizes all techniques,discusses the significance in detecting cholesteatoma and mentions actual studies.Further recommendations for daily clinical practise are provided.展开更多
A 32-year-old man recovered completely from hypokalemic hypertension that had been caused by primary reninism after the ablation of an ectopic left testis, epididymis and ductus deferens. For several years, severe hyp...A 32-year-old man recovered completely from hypokalemic hypertension that had been caused by primary reninism after the ablation of an ectopic left testis, epididymis and ductus deferens. For several years, severe hypertension has been resistant to treatment, even the concurrent administration of up to seven antihypertensive agents. In this case, cryptorchidism was associated with an indirect inguinal hernia and an open peritoneo-vaginal process on both sides, aplasia of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal on the right side, an umbilical hernia, and a retroperitoneal tendrillar hemangioma. （Asian J Androl 2006 Mar; 8： 247-250）展开更多
AIM： To evaluate the efficacy of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts （TIPSs） after liver transplantation （LT）. METHODS： Between November 1996 and December 2005, 10 patients with severe recurrent hepat...AIM： To evaluate the efficacy of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts （TIPSs） after liver transplantation （LT）. METHODS： Between November 1996 and December 2005, 10 patients with severe recurrent hepatitis C virus infection （n = 4）, ductopenic rejection （n = 5） or portal vein thrombosis （n = 1） were included in this analysis. Eleven TIPSs （one patient underwent two TIPS procedures） were placed for management of therapy-refractory ascites （n = 7）, hydrothorax （n = 2） or bleeding from colonic varices （n = 1）. The median time interval between LT and TIPS placement was 15 （4-158） mo. RESULTS： TIPS placement was successful in all patients. The mean portosystemic pressure gradient was reduced from 12.5 to 8.7 mmHg. Complete and partial remission could be achieved in 43% and 29% of patients with ascites. Both patients with hydrothorax did not respond to TIPS. No recurrent bleeding was seen in the patient with colonic varices. Nine of 10 patients died during the study period. Only one of two patients, who underwent retransplantation after the TIPS procedure, survived. The median survival period after TIPS placement was 3.3 （range 0.4-20） too. The majority of patients died from sepsis with multiorgan failure. CONCLUSION： Indications for TIPS and technical performance in LT patients correspond to those in non-transplanted patients. At least partial control of therapy-refractory ascites and variceal bleeding could be achieved in most patients. Nevertheless, survival rates were disappointing, most probably because of the advanced stages of liver disease at the time of TIPS placement and the high risk of sepsis as a consequence of immunosuppression.展开更多
文摘Cholesteatoma is a collection of keratinous debris and stratified squamous epithelium.It is trapped in the middle ear and can lead to bony erosion.The disease is treated surgically often followed by a second-look procedure to check for residual tissue or recurrence.Cholesteatoma has specific signal-intensity characteristics on magnetic resonance imaging with very high signal intensity on diffusion weighted imaging(DWI).Various DWI techniques exist:Echo-planar imaging(EPI)-based and non-EPI-based techniques as well as new approaches like multi-shot EPI DWI.This article summarizes all techniques,discusses the significance in detecting cholesteatoma and mentions actual studies.Further recommendations for daily clinical practise are provided.
文摘A 32-year-old man recovered completely from hypokalemic hypertension that had been caused by primary reninism after the ablation of an ectopic left testis, epididymis and ductus deferens. For several years, severe hypertension has been resistant to treatment, even the concurrent administration of up to seven antihypertensive agents. In this case, cryptorchidism was associated with an indirect inguinal hernia and an open peritoneo-vaginal process on both sides, aplasia of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal on the right side, an umbilical hernia, and a retroperitoneal tendrillar hemangioma. （Asian J Androl 2006 Mar; 8： 247-250）
基金Supported by "Verein zur Frderung der Forschung in Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie an der Medizinischen Universitt Innsbruck"
文摘AIM： To evaluate the efficacy of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts （TIPSs） after liver transplantation （LT）. METHODS： Between November 1996 and December 2005, 10 patients with severe recurrent hepatitis C virus infection （n = 4）, ductopenic rejection （n = 5） or portal vein thrombosis （n = 1） were included in this analysis. Eleven TIPSs （one patient underwent two TIPS procedures） were placed for management of therapy-refractory ascites （n = 7）, hydrothorax （n = 2） or bleeding from colonic varices （n = 1）. The median time interval between LT and TIPS placement was 15 （4-158） mo. RESULTS： TIPS placement was successful in all patients. The mean portosystemic pressure gradient was reduced from 12.5 to 8.7 mmHg. Complete and partial remission could be achieved in 43% and 29% of patients with ascites. Both patients with hydrothorax did not respond to TIPS. No recurrent bleeding was seen in the patient with colonic varices. Nine of 10 patients died during the study period. Only one of two patients, who underwent retransplantation after the TIPS procedure, survived. The median survival period after TIPS placement was 3.3 （range 0.4-20） too. The majority of patients died from sepsis with multiorgan failure. CONCLUSION： Indications for TIPS and technical performance in LT patients correspond to those in non-transplanted patients. At least partial control of therapy-refractory ascites and variceal bleeding could be achieved in most patients. Nevertheless, survival rates were disappointing, most probably because of the advanced stages of liver disease at the time of TIPS placement and the high risk of sepsis as a consequence of immunosuppression.
