Hypertension is an important global health problem that continues increase in incidence.Increased vascularstiffness has been identified as an important component of the pathogenesis of hypertension(HT).Based on theres...Hypertension is an important global health problem that continues increase in incidence.Increased vascularstiffness has been identified as an important component of the pathogenesis of hypertension(HT).Based on theresults of recent Framingham studies,it appears that aortic increased stiffness may precede hypertension suggest-ing that controlling arterial stiffness may展开更多
The establishment of a polarized cellular morphology is essential for a variety of processes including neural tube morphogenesis and the development of the brain.Cdc42 is a Ras-related GTPase that plays an essential r...The establishment of a polarized cellular morphology is essential for a variety of processes including neural tube morphogenesis and the development of the brain.Cdc42 is a Ras-related GTPase that plays an essential role in controlling cell polarity through the regulation of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton architecture.Previous studies have shown that Cdc42 plays an indispensable role in telencephalon development in earlier embryo developmental stage(before E12.5).However,the functions of Cdc42 in other parts of brain in later embryo developmental stage or in adult brain remain unclear.Thus,in order to address the role of Cdc42 in the whole brain in later embryo developmental stage or in adulthood,we used Cre/loxP technology to generate two lines of tissue-specific Cdc42-knock-out mice.Inactivation of Cdc42 was achieved in neuroepithelial cells by crossing Cdc42/flox mice with Nestin-Cre mice and resulted in hydrocephalus,causing death to occur within the postnatal stage.Histological analyses of the brains from these mice showed that ependymal cell differentiation was disrupted,resulting in aqueductal stenosis.Deletion of Cdc42 in the cerebral cortex also induced obvious defects in interki-netic nuclear migration and hypoplasia.To further explore the role of Cdc42 in adult mice brain,we examined the effects of knocking-out Cdc42 in radial glial cells by crossing Cdc42/flox mice with human glial fi brillary acidic protein(GFAP)-Cre mice.Inactivation of Cdc42 in radial glial cells resulted in hydrocephalus and ependymal cell denudation.Taken together,these results highlight the importance of Cdc42 for ependymal cell differentiation and maintaining,and suggest that these functions likely contribute to the essential roles played by Cdc42 in the development of the brain.展开更多
基金supported in part by NIH grant(NIH P01HL095486),NIH grants(NIH P01HL069020,NIH R01HL093415,NIH R01HL095888),NIH grants(NIH5R01HL102472,NIH P01AG027211,NIH P01HL069020,NIH T32HL069752,NIH R01HL093481,NIHR01HL106511)
文摘Hypertension is an important global health problem that continues increase in incidence.Increased vascularstiffness has been identified as an important component of the pathogenesis of hypertension(HT).Based on theresults of recent Framingham studies,it appears that aortic increased stiffness may precede hypertension suggest-ing that controlling arterial stiffness may
基金supported by Texas A&M Health Science Center startup grant and Scott&White Research Grant 110016(to X.P.)National Institutes of Health Grant GM047458(to R.A.C.)。
文摘The establishment of a polarized cellular morphology is essential for a variety of processes including neural tube morphogenesis and the development of the brain.Cdc42 is a Ras-related GTPase that plays an essential role in controlling cell polarity through the regulation of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton architecture.Previous studies have shown that Cdc42 plays an indispensable role in telencephalon development in earlier embryo developmental stage(before E12.5).However,the functions of Cdc42 in other parts of brain in later embryo developmental stage or in adult brain remain unclear.Thus,in order to address the role of Cdc42 in the whole brain in later embryo developmental stage or in adulthood,we used Cre/loxP technology to generate two lines of tissue-specific Cdc42-knock-out mice.Inactivation of Cdc42 was achieved in neuroepithelial cells by crossing Cdc42/flox mice with Nestin-Cre mice and resulted in hydrocephalus,causing death to occur within the postnatal stage.Histological analyses of the brains from these mice showed that ependymal cell differentiation was disrupted,resulting in aqueductal stenosis.Deletion of Cdc42 in the cerebral cortex also induced obvious defects in interki-netic nuclear migration and hypoplasia.To further explore the role of Cdc42 in adult mice brain,we examined the effects of knocking-out Cdc42 in radial glial cells by crossing Cdc42/flox mice with human glial fi brillary acidic protein(GFAP)-Cre mice.Inactivation of Cdc42 in radial glial cells resulted in hydrocephalus and ependymal cell denudation.Taken together,these results highlight the importance of Cdc42 for ependymal cell differentiation and maintaining,and suggest that these functions likely contribute to the essential roles played by Cdc42 in the development of the brain.
