Effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on ischemia-reperfusion injury in a porcine total hepatic vascular exclusion model

AIM: To evaluate the effect of ANP on warm I/R injury in a porcine THVE model. METHODS: Miniature pigs (mini-pigs) weighing 16-24 kg were observed for 120 min after reperfusion following 120 min of THVE. The animals were divided into two groups. ANP (0.1 μg/kg per min) was administered to the ANP group (n = 7), and vehicle was administered to the control group (n = 7). Either vehicle or ANP was intravenously administered from 30 min before the THVE to the end of the experiment. Arterial blood was collected to measure AST, LDH, and TNF-α. Hepatic tissue blood ? ow (HTBF) was also measured. Liver specimens were harvested for p38 MAPK analysis and histological study. Those results were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The AST and LDH levels were lower in the ANP group than in the control group; the AST levels were signifi cantly different between the two groups (60 min: 568.7 ± 113.3 vs 321.6 ± 60.1, P = 0.038 < 0.05, 120 min: 673.6 ± 148.2 vs 281.1 ± 44.8, P = 0.004 < 0.01). No signifi cant difference was observed in the TNF-α levels between the two groups. HTBF was higher in the ANP group, but the difference was not signif icant. A signifi cantly higher level of phosphorylated p38 MAPK was observed in the ANP group compared to the controlgroup (0 min: 2.92 ± 1.1 vs 6.38 ± 1.1, P = 0.011 < 0.05).Histological tissue damage was milder in the ANP group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: Our results show that ANP has a protective role in I/R injury with p38 MAPK activation in a porcine THVE model.

Pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel in a hemodialysis patient with advanced gastric cancer: A case report

我们第一次为一个病人报导每周的 paclitaxel 化疗的可能性与先进， nonresectable 胃的癌症经历牙齿过敏细胞溶解。有长期的肾衰竭的一个 50 岁的人由于双边的 polycystic，一个星期经历牙齿过敏细胞溶解三次 5 年了，在 2004 年 12 月与吐血介绍了。与淋巴节点转移基于胃的癌症的诊断，外科被执行。在第 15 手术后的天，病人用 paclitaxel 与化疗被对待。Paclitaxel 在 saline 的 250 mL 作为 1 h iv 注入在 60 mg/m2 的剂量被管理。血液透析被开始在 paclitaxel 注入的结束以后的 1 h 并且为 3 h 被执行。Paclitaxel 在 d 上每周被管理 1， 8，和 15 在 28-d 上骑车。paclitaxel 的最大的血浆集中是 1390 microg/L。在 paclitaxel 的曲线下面的区域是 4398.6 microg x h/L。等级 2 白细胞减少在第一个周期期间被遇到。到在注入以后的超过 24 h 的从 6 的 paclitaxel 的血浆集中是在我们的病人的 0.01 ～ 0.1 micromol/L，并且这些集中被显示了在没有在病人生产不利副作用，禁止胃的癌症房间的生长上有效。paclitaxel 的血浆集中没被牙齿过敏细胞溶解影响。我们断定 paclitaxel 的 pharmacokinetics 没与肾衰竭在一个病人被改变，并且那每周的 paclitaxel 是为有先进胃的癌症的牙齿过敏细胞溶解病人的合适的治疗政体。

Hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column improves liver function after ischemia-reperfusion injury

AIM:To investigate the usefulness of direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column (DHP-PMX therapy)for warm hepatic ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury after total hepatic vascular exclusion (THVE)using a porcine model. METHODS:Eleven Mexican hairless pigs weighing 22-38 kg were subjected to THVE for 120 min and then observed for 360 min.The animals were divided into two groups randomly:the DHP-PMX group(n=5)underwent DHP-PMX at a flow rate of 80 mL/min for 120 min(beginning 10 min before reperfusion),while the control group did not(n=6).The rate pressure product (RPP):heart rate×end-systolic arterial blood pressure, hepatic tissue blood flow(HTBF),portal vein blood flow (PVBF),and serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST) levels were compared between the two groups. RESULTS:RPP and HTBF were significantly(P< 0.05)higher in the DHP-PMX group than in the control group 240 and 360 min after reperfusion.PVBF in the DHP-PMX group was maintained at about 70%of the flow before ischemia and differed significantly(P <0.05)compared to the control group 360 min after reperfusion.The serum AST increased gradually afterreperfusion in both groups,but the AST was significantly(P<0.05)lower in the DHP-PMX group 360 min after reperfusion. CONCLUSION:DHP-PMX therapy reduced the hepatic warm I/R injury caused by THVE in a porcine model.

Direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilized cartridge in intestinal warm ischemia reperfusion

AIM: To investigate the effectiveness of direct hemo- perfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fibers (DHP- PMX therapy) on warm ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of the small intestine. METHODS: The proximal jejunum and distal ileum of mongrel dogs were resected. Warm ischemia was performed by clamping the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and vein (SMV) for 2 h. Blood flow to the proximal small intestine was restored 1 h after reperfusion, and the distal small intestine was used as a stoma. The experiment was discontinued 6 h after reperfusion. The dogs were divided into two groups: the DHP-PMX group (n = 6, DHP-PMX was performed for 180 min; from 10 min prior to reperfusion to 170 min after reperfusion) and the control group (n = 5). The rate pressure product (RPP), SMA blood flow, mucosal tissue blood flow, and intramucosal pH (pHi) were compared between the two groups. The serum interleukin (IL)-10 levels measured 170 min after reperfusion were also compared. RESULTS: The RPP at 6 h after reperfusion was significantly higher in the PMX group than in the control group (12 174 ± 1832 mmHg/min vs 8929 ± 1797 mmHg/min, P < 0.05). The recovery rates ofthe SMA blood flow at 1 and 6 h after reperfusion were significantly better in the PMX group than in the control group (61% ± 7% vs 44% ± 4%, P < 0.05, and 59% ± 5% vs 35% ± 5%, P < 0.05, respectively). The recovery rate of the mucosal tissue blood flow and the pHi levels at 6 h after reperfusion were significantly higher in the PMX group (61% ± 8% vs 31% ± 3%, P < 0.05 and 7.91 ± 0.06 vs 7.69 ± 0.08, P < 0.05, respectively). In addition, the serum IL-10 levels just before DHP-PMX removal were significantly higher in the PMX group than in the control group (1 569 ± 253 pg/mL vs 211 ± 40 pg/mL, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: DHP-PMX therapy reduced warm I/R injury of the small intestine. IL-10 may play a role in inhibiting I/R injury during DHP-PMX therapy.

CD98 is a promising prognostic biomarker in biliary tract cancer

ABSTRACT： CD98 has been described to play a crucial role in tumor progression and survival. However, the role of CD98 in biliary tract cancer remains unclear. We found that 36.7% of all patients with biliary tract cancer had a high CD98 expression. Statistical analysis using Spearman＇s rank correlation showed that CD98 was significantly correlated with L-type amino acid transporter 1 （LAT1, r=0.562, P〈0.001）, Ki-67 （r=0.230, P=0.006） and CD34 （r=0.290, P=0.005）. Multivariate analysis confirmed that a high CD98 expression was an independent prognostic factor for predicting poor outcome. CD98 is closely associated with tumor growth, biological aggressiveness, and survival of patients. With these data we proposed that CD98 expression is necessary for the development and pathogenesis of biliary tract cancer.