Relying essentially on human data (social structure, demography, population repartitions, migratory movements, agro-pastural activities), the authors, from their studies, note that these regions are an extension of ha...Relying essentially on human data (social structure, demography, population repartitions, migratory movements, agro-pastural activities), the authors, from their studies, note that these regions are an extension of hamlets and other groups. Highlands gather a small population that seems to settle. Responsible human disturbance (clearings, cultures, urbanization, etc.) modified a large part of the actual state of vegetation structures. The results also show that most of the population is concentrated in the main towns. This concentration causes consumption of pre-forest land and rangelands. The average annual extension can sometimes reach 2.4 Ha. Hamlets, home grouping seem to impose a lifestyle approaching that of centers located in the North. At the bioclimatic level, the results show that the cold thermal variations promote contact between woody vegetation and steppe formations with thermal determinism (formation often in xerophytes thorny pads). Droughts often advocate regressive dynamics of these plant formations which are quite degraded. On the other hand, stressing continuity issues related to human actions, the authors present the floristic composition, detailing the botanical plant species including biological and morphological types. The therophyte type predominates in all areas explored and their percentage can reach 73% in the steppe and 49% in Beni-Snous.展开更多
The nature of the children is naughty, lively and especially children who learn to speak are curious about everything around and always want to explore what happens. These are the normal performance of the children. H...The nature of the children is naughty, lively and especially children who learn to speak are curious about everything around and always want to explore what happens. These are the normal performance of the children. However, the nature of the child often gradually strangled by the teachers after enrollment because a lot of teachers often educate students with one sentence-"Do not make trouble, to be well-behaved "- which will bring a range of problems to children's development and will hinder children's healthy development. Therefore, it is sure to change such an irresponsible teaching concept.展开更多
We propose a new approach to construct an extended Wiener measure using nonstandard analysis by E. Nelson. For the new definition we construct non-standardized convolution of probability measure for independent random...We propose a new approach to construct an extended Wiener measure using nonstandard analysis by E. Nelson. For the new definition we construct non-standardized convolution of probability measure for independent random variables. As an application, we consider a simple calculation of financial time series.展开更多
Starting with the debate on Taiwan Residents national consciousness between Chen Yingzhen and Japanese scholar Shozo Fujii, and Chen＇s supporter Masayoshi Matsunaga around 2004, the paper examines the historiography ...Starting with the debate on Taiwan Residents national consciousness between Chen Yingzhen and Japanese scholar Shozo Fujii, and Chen＇s supporter Masayoshi Matsunaga around 2004, the paper examines the historiography of Taiwan Residents literature studies since postwar Japan. It is argued that Shozo Fuji＇s study of Taiwan Residents literature during the Japanese occupation period is different from Yoshinori Kobayashi＇s On Taiwan, which deliberately seeks to erase the sin of colonial rule. However, in applying Western theories mechanically it is indeed easy to end up on the opposite side of historical criticism, for the reason Shozo Fujii did not provide a necessary alert to the crux in Anderson＇s theory. The argumentation among the three parties not only involves how to understand Taiwan Residents history and literature in the complex structure of East Asia, but more importantly about how to make value judgments regarding two hundred years of colonialism.展开更多
Public opinion is closely connected with the formulation and implementation of a country’s foreign policy. Among Western academic circles, realism and liberalism are two major
The success of acupuncture anesthesia （AA） for pneumonectomy in Shanghai in 1960 was a key event for AA gaining practical clinical application. The effort was a close collaboration between the Shanghai First Tubercu...The success of acupuncture anesthesia （AA） for pneumonectomy in Shanghai in 1960 was a key event for AA gaining practical clinical application. The effort was a close collaboration between the Shanghai First Tuberculosis Hospital and the Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. One of the most important factors of AA success was the great financial and political support provided by the Chinese central government and Shanghai local government. In December 1965 the State Science and Technology Commission of China issued a formal document acknowledging AA as an important first-leve national achievement of the integration of Chinese and Western medicine, and a collaborative effort of the whole scientific community in China. AA was an important influential factor that helped acupuncture spread across the world.展开更多
This essay reflects on the reception of Lu Xun＇s short story ＂The Loner＂ （Gudu zhe, alternately translated as ＂The Lone Wolf, The Misanthrope,＂ and ＂The Isolate＂） in American classrooms, where students have s...This essay reflects on the reception of Lu Xun＇s short story ＂The Loner＂ （Gudu zhe, alternately translated as ＂The Lone Wolf, The Misanthrope,＂ and ＂The Isolate＂） in American classrooms, where students have sometimes wondered whether that character might be read as ＂queer.＂ It suggests that the title character＇s unusual and self-imposed celibacy is probably best explained by his belief, in a very general sense, in the foundational values of zoology as practiced in Japan and China in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and thus that the story may be a better gateway to understanding the ways in which Lu Xun envisioned the mixed impact of new political economies on private life than a source text for queer studies. At the same time, however, this essay emphasizes that in ＂The Loner,＂ as elsewhere, accounting for the ＂heterosexual imperative＂ of early zoology （e.g., with its emphases on animal husbandry, propagation, reproduction） can have meaningful consequences for ＂queering＂ interpretations of received texts from literature, history of science, and beyond.展开更多
文摘Relying essentially on human data (social structure, demography, population repartitions, migratory movements, agro-pastural activities), the authors, from their studies, note that these regions are an extension of hamlets and other groups. Highlands gather a small population that seems to settle. Responsible human disturbance (clearings, cultures, urbanization, etc.) modified a large part of the actual state of vegetation structures. The results also show that most of the population is concentrated in the main towns. This concentration causes consumption of pre-forest land and rangelands. The average annual extension can sometimes reach 2.4 Ha. Hamlets, home grouping seem to impose a lifestyle approaching that of centers located in the North. At the bioclimatic level, the results show that the cold thermal variations promote contact between woody vegetation and steppe formations with thermal determinism (formation often in xerophytes thorny pads). Droughts often advocate regressive dynamics of these plant formations which are quite degraded. On the other hand, stressing continuity issues related to human actions, the authors present the floristic composition, detailing the botanical plant species including biological and morphological types. The therophyte type predominates in all areas explored and their percentage can reach 73% in the steppe and 49% in Beni-Snous.
文摘The nature of the children is naughty, lively and especially children who learn to speak are curious about everything around and always want to explore what happens. These are the normal performance of the children. However, the nature of the child often gradually strangled by the teachers after enrollment because a lot of teachers often educate students with one sentence-"Do not make trouble, to be well-behaved "- which will bring a range of problems to children's development and will hinder children's healthy development. Therefore, it is sure to change such an irresponsible teaching concept.
文摘We propose a new approach to construct an extended Wiener measure using nonstandard analysis by E. Nelson. For the new definition we construct non-standardized convolution of probability measure for independent random variables. As an application, we consider a simple calculation of financial time series.
文摘Starting with the debate on Taiwan Residents national consciousness between Chen Yingzhen and Japanese scholar Shozo Fujii, and Chen＇s supporter Masayoshi Matsunaga around 2004, the paper examines the historiography of Taiwan Residents literature studies since postwar Japan. It is argued that Shozo Fuji＇s study of Taiwan Residents literature during the Japanese occupation period is different from Yoshinori Kobayashi＇s On Taiwan, which deliberately seeks to erase the sin of colonial rule. However, in applying Western theories mechanically it is indeed easy to end up on the opposite side of historical criticism, for the reason Shozo Fujii did not provide a necessary alert to the crux in Anderson＇s theory. The argumentation among the three parties not only involves how to understand Taiwan Residents history and literature in the complex structure of East Asia, but more importantly about how to make value judgments regarding two hundred years of colonialism.
文摘Public opinion is closely connected with the formulation and implementation of a country’s foreign policy. Among Western academic circles, realism and liberalism are two major
文摘The success of acupuncture anesthesia （AA） for pneumonectomy in Shanghai in 1960 was a key event for AA gaining practical clinical application. The effort was a close collaboration between the Shanghai First Tuberculosis Hospital and the Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. One of the most important factors of AA success was the great financial and political support provided by the Chinese central government and Shanghai local government. In December 1965 the State Science and Technology Commission of China issued a formal document acknowledging AA as an important first-leve national achievement of the integration of Chinese and Western medicine, and a collaborative effort of the whole scientific community in China. AA was an important influential factor that helped acupuncture spread across the world.
文摘This essay reflects on the reception of Lu Xun＇s short story ＂The Loner＂ （Gudu zhe, alternately translated as ＂The Lone Wolf, The Misanthrope,＂ and ＂The Isolate＂） in American classrooms, where students have sometimes wondered whether that character might be read as ＂queer.＂ It suggests that the title character＇s unusual and self-imposed celibacy is probably best explained by his belief, in a very general sense, in the foundational values of zoology as practiced in Japan and China in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and thus that the story may be a better gateway to understanding the ways in which Lu Xun envisioned the mixed impact of new political economies on private life than a source text for queer studies. At the same time, however, this essay emphasizes that in ＂The Loner,＂ as elsewhere, accounting for the ＂heterosexual imperative＂ of early zoology （e.g., with its emphases on animal husbandry, propagation, reproduction） can have meaningful consequences for ＂queering＂ interpretations of received texts from literature, history of science, and beyond.
