Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation of the spleen: A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation(SANT)is a rare disease of the spleen.It has unique pathological features and mimics splenic tumor on radiological imaging.CASE SUMMARY A 47-year-old woman was incidentally found to have a splenic mass on abdominal ultrasound.She had a 10-cm postoperative scar in the lower abdomen due to previous cesarean sections.The patient had a past history of anemia of unknown etiology for 20 years.The patient underwent laparoscopic splenectomy.The postoperative course was uneventful,with a hospital stay of 7 d.The histopathological examination of the spleen revealed SANT.At the 6-mo followup,the patient remained disease-free.CONCLUSION SANT is a rare benign disease mimicking a malignant tumor.A definitive diagnosis can be made only on histopathology.

Feasible management of median arcuate ligament syndrome in orthotopic liver transplantation recipients

BACKGROUND In orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)recipients,median arcuate ligament syndrome(MALS)is considered a risk factor for hepatic arterial thrombosis(HAT),which is dreadful for OLT recipients.Different alternative surgical procedures have been proposed to overcome the impact of MALS on transplantation,but clinical evidence is still scarce.AIM To evaluate the feasible surgical management of MALS to reduce complications in OLT patients.METHODS Data for 288 consecutive patients who underwent OLT at The First Hospital of Jilin University between January 2017 and July 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.The surgical management of median arcuate ligament(MAL)and modifications to the arterial anastomosis were recorded.The perioperative and long-term prognosis of MALS recipients were noted.Detailed preoperative and postoperative data of patients were analyzed in a descriptive manner.RESULTS Eight patients with MALS were included in this study.The first patient with MALS received no intervention during the primary surgery and developed postoperative HAT.Salvage liver transplantation with MAL division was successfully performed.Gastroduodenal artery(GDA)preservation with splenic artery ligation was performed on three patients,only GDA preservation was performed on two patients,and no intervention was performed on two patients.No patient developed HAT after surgery and postoperative recovery was satisfactory.CONCLUSION The preservation of collateral circulation between the superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk via the GDA with or without splenic artery ligation is a safe and feasible alternative to MAL division.

MicroRNA-375 Suppresses the Tumor Aggressive Phenotypes of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas through Regulating YWHAZ

Background： MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are key regulators during tumor initiation and progression. MicroRNA-375 （MiR-375） has been proven to play a tumor-suppressive role in various types of human malignancies; however, its biological role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma （ccRCC） remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the biologic role as well as the underlying mechanism of miR-375 in ccRCC progression. Methods： Quantitative polymerase chain reaction （qPCR） was applied to test the expression of miR-375 in tissues and cell lines by t-test. Functional experiments were used to investigate the biological role of miR-375 utilizing a gain-of-function strategy. The target of miR-375 was investigated by bioinformatic analysis and further verified by luciferase reporter assay, qPCR, Western blotting, and functional experiments in vitro. Results： Our study demonstrated that miR-375 was significantly downregulated in ccRCC tissues （cancer vs. normal, 0.804 ±0.079 vs. 1.784 ± 0.200, t = 5.531 P 〈 0.0001 ） and cell lines, and loss ofmiR-375 expression significantly associated with advanced Fuhrman nuclear grades （Grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ vs. Grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ, 1.000 ± 0.099 vs. 1.731 ± 0.189, t = 3.262 P = 0.003）. Functional studies demonstrated that miR-375 suppressed ccRCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion （all P 〈 0.05 in both 786-0 and A498 cell lines）. Multiple miRNA target prediction algorithms indicated the well-studied oncogene YWHAZ as a direct target ofmiR-375, which was further confirmed by the luciferase reporter assay, qPCR, and Western blotting. Moreover, restoration of YWHAZ could rescue the antiproliferation effect ofmi R-375. Conclusions： The data provide the solid evidence that miR-375 plays a tumor-suppressive role in ccRCC progression, partially through regulating YWHAZ. This study expands the antitumor profile ofmiR-375, and supports its role as a potential therapeutic target in ccRCC treatment.