Identification of tumor markers using two-dimensional electrophoresis in gastric carcinoma

AIM: To study the differential expression of proteins in normal and cancerous gastric tissues, and further identify new molecular markers for diagnosis and prognosis of gastric carcinoma, as well as develop new therapeutic targets of the disease.METHODS: Matched pairs of tissues from 6 gastric cancerpatients were analyzed for their two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) profiles. Soluble fraction proteins from human normal and cancerous gastric tissue were separated in the first dimension by isoelectric focusing on immobilized pH gradient (IPG, pH3-10) strips, and by125 g/L sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in the second dimension with silver nitrate staining. Protein differential expression was analyzed by use of image analysis software to find out candidates for gastric cancer-associated proteins.RESULTS: Nine protein spots overexpressed in tumor tissues as compared with noncancerous regions. In the next step, 9 tumor-specific spots were cut off from Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining gels, digested in gel with L-l-tosylamide-2-phenylethyl chloromethyl ketone (TPCK)-trypsin. Protein identification was done by peptide mass fingerprinting with matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-tirne of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).In total, 5 tumor-specific protein spots corresponding to 5different polypeptide chains were identified, including annexin V, carbonic anhydrase, prohibitin, fibrin beta and fibrinogen fragment D. Among these 5 spots, the potential significance of the differential expressions is discussed.CONCLUSION Differential expression analysis of proteomes may be useful for the development of new molecular markers for diagnosis and prognosis of gastric carcinoma.

E-cadherin gene C-160A promoter polymorphism and risk of non-cardia gastric cancer in a Chinese population

AIM: To test the hypothesis that E-cadherin gene (CDH1)C-160A promoter variant genotype is associated with an increased risk for developing gastric cancer.METHODS: In this population-based case-control study of gastric cancer in Jiangsu Province, China, we performed polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to genotype the C-160A polymorphism of CDH1 promoter in 206 non-cardia gastriccancer patients and 261 age- and sex-matched but unrelated cancer-free controls.RESULTS: The frequencies of genotypes CC, CA and AA were 57.8%, 36.4% and 5.8% in gasfric cancer cases,respectively, and 58.2%, 34.9% and 6.9% in controls respectively. The distributions of CDH1 genotypes were not significantly different between gastric cancer cases and controls (P = 0.87 for genotype frequency and P = 0.92for allele frequency). Compared with the CC genotype, the CA and AA genotypes were not associated with an increased risk for non-cardia gastric cancer (adjusted odds ratios (OR)= 1.15, and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.78-1.72for CA genotype, and OR = 0.90 and 95% CI = 0.42-2.01for AA genotype).CONCLUSION: E-cadherin gene C-160A promoter polymorphism may not play a major role in the etiology of non-cardia gastric cancer in Chinese population.

Mortality and Other Risk Factors among Infants Born to Teenage Mothers

Objective: To describe the profiles and changing tendency of infant mortality born to teenage mother in the state of Nevada, 1980-2000, and explore the risk factors of infant mortality. Methods: The Nevada Linked Birth/Infant Death data sets in 1980-2000 was analyzed. Total of 421964 live births were registered, which included 55419 live births born to teenage mother aged 10-20 years old. Multivariate binary logistic regression model was used to explore the risk factors of infant mortality and estimate the strength of association. Results: Infant mortality rate (IMR) born to teenage mother varied from 5.69 to 14.72 per 1000 live births in 1980-2000, mean IMR was 9.51 per 1000 live births during these 21 years, which were higher than IMRs born to 20 years or older mothers every year. IMRs in two groups seem to have an overall decline by year during this period. The infant mortality rate born to black teenage mother reached to 16.07 per 1000 live births, which was the highest one and significantly higher than those born to white, native American, Asian and other race mothers. Infant mortality rate generally appeared to decline by the increase of mothers age and 16 years old should be an important cut point. This study showed that Congenital anomalies: Club foot, Abnormal conditions of newborn: Meconium aspiration syndrome, Congenital anomaly: Heart malformation, Method of delivery: Repeat Csection, Abnormal conditions of newborn: Assisted ventilation <30min, Birth weight group, Tobacco use, The time mother prenatal care began were significantly positively associated with infant mortality born to teenage mothers, their odds ratios were 24.25, 10.68, 10.23, 4.73, 2.49, 2.00, 1.99 and 1.19 respectively. The clinical gestation estimates was significantly negatively associated with infant mortality as odds ratio of 0.79. Conclusion: Infant mortality born to teenage mother is one of important public problem in Nevada, there are different risk factors related to infant death born to teenage and adult mother. Teenage pregnancy and its outcome should be paid more attention to study.

宫颈上皮内瘤变的治疗后随访治疗后第6个月和24个月进行细胞学和人乳头状瘤病毒联合检测是足够的

为预防宫颈癌发生，患宫颈上皮内瘤变（cervicalintraepithelialneoplasia，CIN）的妇女接受病变切除的治疗。尽管这种治疗方法卓有成效，但仍有10％～15％的患者会残留有病变或病变复发坞。准确评估CIN治疗后宫颈癌的发生风险能够指导建立最有效的治疗后随诊策略。在一篇相关的报告中（doi：10．1136／bmj．e6855，见本期第238页），Rebolj等发现完成治疗后随诊的CIN妇女发生宫颈癌的增大风险是既往宫颈细胞学正常女性的4倍。