Aim: To produce biologically active recombinant human (rh) ZP proteins in a human cell for use in sperm function tests. Methods: The human embryonic kidney cell line 293T was employed to produce rhZP1, rhZP2 and rhZP3...Aim: To produce biologically active recombinant human (rh) ZP proteins in a human cell for use in sperm function tests. Methods: The human embryonic kidney cell line 293T was employed to produce rhZP1, rhZP2 and rhZP3 proteins individually and together by co-expression. Presence of these proteins in the culture medium and cell lysate was assessed by Western blotting analysis. The effect of the recombinant proteins on the human AR was assessed. Results: RhZP2 and rhZP3 were secreted into the culture medium, whereas rhZPl was found only in the cell lysate. Interestingly, when all zona pellucida proteins were co-expressed in the same cells, rhZPl was also secreted into the culture medium. However, despite the presence of all three ZP proteins in sufficient concentration and evidence of heavy glycosylation on gel electrophoresis, biological activity to induce the AR was not observed. Conclusion: RhZP1, rhZP2 and rhZP3 were successfully expressed in the human embryonic kidney cell line 293T. It appears that an interaction amongst these proteins may be required for release of rhZPl from the cell. Although this approach is not satisfactory for producing active human ZP proteins, it makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the structural and functional characteristics of the ZP proteins.展开更多
Hyperprolactinemia may be associated with a variety of rnens)rual disorders and is an important cause of female infertility. There have been several recent reports of worsen
A two-centre dose-finding study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and side-effects of the antiprogestin lilop ristone (ZK 98,734) when used,for the termina-tion of early pregnancy, Pregnant women with amenorrh...A two-centre dose-finding study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and side-effects of the antiprogestin lilop ristone (ZK 98,734) when used,for the termina-tion of early pregnancy, Pregnant women with amenorrhoea of not more than 49 days'duration were treated orally jot.four days with 12.5, 25 or 50 mg of lilopristone twicedaily. All women were reviewed at the hospital on each day of treatment and on furtherfollow-up visits at one, two and six weeks after the start of treatment.展开更多
Human chorionic gonadotrphin is synthesized by the synctiotrophoblastic cells of the placenta. HCG is believed to be important for the maintenance of the functional life of the corpus luteum in early pregnancy. Despit...Human chorionic gonadotrphin is synthesized by the synctiotrophoblastic cells of the placenta. HCG is believed to be important for the maintenance of the functional life of the corpus luteum in early pregnancy. Despite the luteotrophic effect, luteolytic effects展开更多
27 womea, aged from 24 to 34 years, with normal menstrual cycle were observed on thegrowth development and ovulation of Graffian follicles by serial ultrasonographic examination. The cyclic changes of thor serum conce...27 womea, aged from 24 to 34 years, with normal menstrual cycle were observed on thegrowth development and ovulation of Graffian follicles by serial ultrasonographic examination. The cyclic changes of thor serum concentration of LH, FSH, E2 and P展开更多
Background Immunological disturbances which may be treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg) play a significant role in the majority of patients with recurrent miscarriage (RM). The present study aimed to review...Background Immunological disturbances which may be treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg) play a significant role in the majority of patients with recurrent miscarriage (RM). The present study aimed to review the current knowledge about IvIg treatment in RM primarily based on results from published placebo controlled trials. Seven placebo controlled trials were identified comprising a total of 343 patients. The background variables, the treatment protocols and the results were extremely different between the trials. Among the patients with secondary RM, a meta analysis showed that the pooled odds ratio for live birth among IvIg treated women compared with women infused with placebo was 1.69 (95 % CI = 0.72～3.96, not significant). IvIg also seemed to be efficacious in patients with repeated second trimester intrauterine fetal deaths. A new big placebo controlled trial should be conducted which focus on RM patients with secondary RM or recurrent second trimester fetal deaths. Sufficient IvIg doses should be given with optimal time intervals.展开更多
Severe liver diseases usually cause menstrual dysfunction and infertility in women of reproductive age. Liver transplantation is one of the treatment choices for patients with liver diseases. Among patients receiving ...Severe liver diseases usually cause menstrual dysfunction and infertility in women of reproductive age. Liver transplantation is one of the treatment choices for patients with liver diseases. Among patients receiving liver transplantation, 11% are women of reproductive age.~1 Successful liver transplantation, suitable immunosuppressive age-nts, and intensive monitoring after the operation may help these patients to have a successful pregnancy. Since 1978, 37 cases have been reported worldwide,~1 of which none was in China. We report here in the first case in China. Two characteristics of this case are visible: (a) no consultation from obstetricians before or during pregnancy and (b) severe complications of pregnancy, which were dangerous to her baby and herself. Although the patient and baby were discharged from the hospital in a good condition, this case has drawn our attention to the fact that it is very important for a patient following liver transplantation to consult obstetrician and hepatologist before and during pregnancy.展开更多
文摘Aim: To produce biologically active recombinant human (rh) ZP proteins in a human cell for use in sperm function tests. Methods: The human embryonic kidney cell line 293T was employed to produce rhZP1, rhZP2 and rhZP3 proteins individually and together by co-expression. Presence of these proteins in the culture medium and cell lysate was assessed by Western blotting analysis. The effect of the recombinant proteins on the human AR was assessed. Results: RhZP2 and rhZP3 were secreted into the culture medium, whereas rhZPl was found only in the cell lysate. Interestingly, when all zona pellucida proteins were co-expressed in the same cells, rhZPl was also secreted into the culture medium. However, despite the presence of all three ZP proteins in sufficient concentration and evidence of heavy glycosylation on gel electrophoresis, biological activity to induce the AR was not observed. Conclusion: RhZP1, rhZP2 and rhZP3 were successfully expressed in the human embryonic kidney cell line 293T. It appears that an interaction amongst these proteins may be required for release of rhZPl from the cell. Although this approach is not satisfactory for producing active human ZP proteins, it makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the structural and functional characteristics of the ZP proteins.
文摘Hyperprolactinemia may be associated with a variety of rnens)rual disorders and is an important cause of female infertility. There have been several recent reports of worsen
文摘A two-centre dose-finding study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and side-effects of the antiprogestin lilop ristone (ZK 98,734) when used,for the termina-tion of early pregnancy, Pregnant women with amenorrhoea of not more than 49 days'duration were treated orally jot.four days with 12.5, 25 or 50 mg of lilopristone twicedaily. All women were reviewed at the hospital on each day of treatment and on furtherfollow-up visits at one, two and six weeks after the start of treatment.
文摘Human chorionic gonadotrphin is synthesized by the synctiotrophoblastic cells of the placenta. HCG is believed to be important for the maintenance of the functional life of the corpus luteum in early pregnancy. Despite the luteotrophic effect, luteolytic effects
文摘27 womea, aged from 24 to 34 years, with normal menstrual cycle were observed on thegrowth development and ovulation of Graffian follicles by serial ultrasonographic examination. The cyclic changes of thor serum concentration of LH, FSH, E2 and P
文摘Background Immunological disturbances which may be treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg) play a significant role in the majority of patients with recurrent miscarriage (RM). The present study aimed to review the current knowledge about IvIg treatment in RM primarily based on results from published placebo controlled trials. Seven placebo controlled trials were identified comprising a total of 343 patients. The background variables, the treatment protocols and the results were extremely different between the trials. Among the patients with secondary RM, a meta analysis showed that the pooled odds ratio for live birth among IvIg treated women compared with women infused with placebo was 1.69 (95 % CI = 0.72～3.96, not significant). IvIg also seemed to be efficacious in patients with repeated second trimester intrauterine fetal deaths. A new big placebo controlled trial should be conducted which focus on RM patients with secondary RM or recurrent second trimester fetal deaths. Sufficient IvIg doses should be given with optimal time intervals.
基金British Heart Foundation grant number PG/95130. The guarantor accepts full responsibility for the conduct of the study+1 种基金 had access to the data and controlled the decision to publish.
文摘Severe liver diseases usually cause menstrual dysfunction and infertility in women of reproductive age. Liver transplantation is one of the treatment choices for patients with liver diseases. Among patients receiving liver transplantation, 11% are women of reproductive age.~1 Successful liver transplantation, suitable immunosuppressive age-nts, and intensive monitoring after the operation may help these patients to have a successful pregnancy. Since 1978, 37 cases have been reported worldwide,~1 of which none was in China. We report here in the first case in China. Two characteristics of this case are visible: (a) no consultation from obstetricians before or during pregnancy and (b) severe complications of pregnancy, which were dangerous to her baby and herself. Although the patient and baby were discharged from the hospital in a good condition, this case has drawn our attention to the fact that it is very important for a patient following liver transplantation to consult obstetrician and hepatologist before and during pregnancy.
