Modified surgical techniques in total en bloc spondylectomy for thoracic and lumbar tumors with a single posterior approach

Objective To investigate the operation key points,instrument improvement and shortterm effects in total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) via a single posterior approach for thoracic and lumbar tumors.Methods A series of modified

Chondrogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells treated with growth differentiation factor 5 under hypoxia

Objective To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of the self-assembly cartilage tissue engineered with chondrogenically differentiated human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMCs) induced by growth differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5)