We sadly heard of the passing away of Prof.Jouni Uitto,a renowned dermatologist and chair of the Department of Dermatology&Cutaneous Biology at Thomas Jefferson University,USA,on December 17,2022,at the age of 79....We sadly heard of the passing away of Prof.Jouni Uitto,a renowned dermatologist and chair of the Department of Dermatology&Cutaneous Biology at Thomas Jefferson University,USA,on December 17,2022,at the age of 79.The international dermatology community has lost a great master and Chinese dermatologists have lost a beloved friend forever.展开更多
Pityriasis rosea(PR) is a common erythemato-squamous dermatosis which almost always, is easily diagnosed. Mostly the disease presents in its classical form. However, clinical dermatology is all about variations and PR...Pityriasis rosea(PR) is a common erythemato-squamous dermatosis which almost always, is easily diagnosed. Mostly the disease presents in its classical form. However, clinical dermatology is all about variations and PR is not an exception. Variants of the disease in some cases may be troublesome to diagnose and confuse clinicians. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of the condition becomes necessary to avoid unnecessary investigations. We hereby review and illustrate atypical presentations of the disease, including diverse forms of location and morphology of the lesions, the course of the eruption, and its differential diagnoses.展开更多
Purpose: To evaluate the profile of in vitro susceptibility of yeasts isolated from cases of primary and espisodic vulvovaginitis to two antifungal agents. Methods: 40 Candida isolates from episodes of vulvovaginal ca...Purpose: To evaluate the profile of in vitro susceptibility of yeasts isolated from cases of primary and espisodic vulvovaginitis to two antifungal agents. Methods: 40 Candida isolates from episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis were identified by classic methodologies. The susceptibility testing of the in vitro fluconazole and ketoconazole activity against the isolates was accessed by E-test. Results: C. albicans was the most common species identified in 70% of the occurrences followed by C. glabrata (20%), C. tropicalis (7.5%), and C. guilliermondii (2.5%). In the susceptibility profile to antifungal agents, 12.5% and 16.7% of the isolates obtained from primary and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis were resistant to fluconazole, respectively. To ketoconazole, we found that 6.25% and 12.5% of the isolates respectively from primary vulvovaginal candidiasis (PVVC) and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis (EVVC) had high MIC values. Conclusions: E-test is a reliable method for the susceptibility testing of Candida spp. due to its simplicity, reproducibility, and lack of specialized equipment. Resistant strains and non-albicans species were verified more in cases of EVVC than in PVVC. Clinical and mycological cure of patients with episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis or complicated cases occurred after prolonged treatment and sometimes with multiple antifungals use.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the outcomes in biological treatment and quality of life of psoriatic patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC) treated with new Direct-Acting Antiviral agents(DAAs) compared to pegylated interferon-2α p...AIM To evaluate the outcomes in biological treatment and quality of life of psoriatic patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC) treated with new Direct-Acting Antiviral agents(DAAs) compared to pegylated interferon-2α plus ribavirin(P/R) therapy.METHODS This is a retrospective study involving psoriatic patients in biological therapy who underwent anti-hepatitis C virus(HCV) treatment at the Department of Dermatology Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute Milan, Italy from January 2010 to November 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: patients that underwent therapy with DAAs and patients that underwent HCV treatment with P/R. Patients were assessed by a dermatologist for psoriasis symptoms, collecting Psoriasis Area Severity Index(PASI) scores and the Dermatology Quality of Life Index(DLQI). PASI and DLQI scores were evaluated 24 wk after the end of HCV treatment and were assumed as an outcome of the progression of psoriasis. Switching to a different b DMARD was considered as an inadequate response to biological therapy. The dropout of HCV therapy and sustained virological response(SVR) were considered as outcomes of HCV therapy.RESULTS Fifty-nine psoriatic patients in biological therapy underwent antiviral therapy for CHC. Of this, 27 patients were treated with DAAs and 32 with P/R. After 24 wk post treatment, the DLQI and the PASI scores were significantly lower(P < 0.001 and P < 0.005, respectively) in the DAAs group compared with P/R group. None of the patients in the DAAs group(0/27) compared to 8 patients of the P/R group(8/32) needed a shift in biological treatment.CONCLUSION DAAs seem to be more effective and safe than P/R in HCV-positive psoriatic patients on biological treatment. Fewer dermatological adverse events may be due to interferon-free therapy.展开更多
Facial sagging is a major aging change that affects the overall shape of the face. Sagging can negatively impact self-perception and consequently quality of life. In order to fight against this aging sign, we develope...Facial sagging is a major aging change that affects the overall shape of the face. Sagging can negatively impact self-perception and consequently quality of life. In order to fight against this aging sign, we developed a combination of three active ingredients: Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine (THPE), Ononis Spinosa extract and Glycerin. In a clinical study, we assessed the efficacy of this association on facial sagging and wrinkles, with a special focus on immediate and lasting effects. Thirty-nine women applied the tested product daily during an eight-week treatment period. Clinical grading by experts and a new, easy to operate, 2-D imaging method were performed at different time points. The 2-D imaging method measured the upper eyelid lifting effect. The results showed an immediate and significant improvement in sagging and wrinkle parameters;these benefits were still observed seven hours after the first application. Results also showed a significant long-term improvement. The lifting effect calculated from the 2-D pictures was 1.08 mm immediately after application;the same method showed a 1.80 mm lifting effect following the eight-week treatment period. These results suggest that a skin care product combining THPE, Ononis Spinosa and Glycerin properties may be used to reduce sagging as well as wrinkles with both immediate and long term benefits.展开更多
Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by the Sporothrix schenckii complex. It has three classic clinical variants: fixed, lymphangitic, and systemic. Treatment in most cases has been itraconazole or potassiu...Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by the Sporothrix schenckii complex. It has three classic clinical variants: fixed, lymphangitic, and systemic. Treatment in most cases has been itraconazole or potassium iodide. The aim of this paper is to communicate an unusual relapsing case treated with IK. We report a 73-year-old woman with lymphangitic sporotrichosis, adequate response to treatment with potassium iodide, and recurrence 15 months after. A molecular test was performed through the amplification of a 331 bp fragment of the calmodulin gene. In both infections, the same specie was isolated. The effects of potassium iodide are briefly discussed, and we conclude that the same treatment can be prescribed, if no side effects are observed.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:;" "...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> To evaluate photodynamic therapy (PDT) </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> to reduce the growth of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> spp, and its synergy with the antifungals fluconazole and ketoconazole for inhibition of resistant, DDS and susceptible isolates from asymptomatic carriers and with complicated vulvovaginitis. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Between 2017 and 2020</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> we evaluated 230 women with vulvovaginal candidiasis and 400 asymptomatic. We obtained 130 positive cultures for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">spp from vulvovaginitis and 94 asymptomatic. Yeasts were characterized by classical and molecular tests. Sensitivity to fluconazole and ketoconazole was evaluated by E-test. We used photodynamic light through blue LED, wavelengths between 450 to 470 nm, power of 260 mW, energy</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">f</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">l</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">uence of 270 J/cm</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, for 15 minutes over all colonies of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> spp</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methylene blue (MB) at 450 mg/mL, 2% gentian violet (VG) and 50</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">μM curcumin (CR) were used in association or not with LED irradiation. Suspensions of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">spp of 10</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">6</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> CFU/mL, subjected to the different assays, were introduced in 96-well microplates, incubated for 48 hours at 35</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">˚</span>C and the readings at 530</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nm. The samples were finally cultivated in Petri plates containing Sabouraud dextrose agar to assess the growth inhibition. All procedures were in triplicate. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> was prevalent in vulvovaginal candidiasis, however, we also isolated non-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> species such as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. glabrata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> C. tropicalis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. parapsilosis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. There was a substantial reduction (66.6% to 83.8%) of the CFU/mL of the isolates treated with FDT. Gentian violet at 2% alone reduced the growth of CFU/ml of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> spp from 69% to 75%. Among isolates of vaginitis and asymptomatic carriers, after using FDT, we found a reduction in resistant phenotypes and DDS for fluconazole in percentages from 20% to 100% for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, from 50% to 100% </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. glabrata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, 33.3% to 100% </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. parapsilosis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and 100% </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. tropicalis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. For ketoconazole in the same isolates, there was a reduction in phenotypes with MIC</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">16 μg/mL of up to 50% in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, 50% to 100% </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. glabrata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, 50% to 100% </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. tropicalis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> PDT with MB, GV and CR revealed efficacy </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in reducing the growth of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and non-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, especially due to chronic recurrent vulvovaginitis.</span></span>展开更多
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) includes two distinct conditions, with different histologic features and prognosis: non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). Furthermo...BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) includes two distinct conditions, with different histologic features and prognosis: non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). Furthermore, NASH is the more aggressive necro-inflammatory form, which may accumulate fibrosis and result in End stage liver disease(ESLD). NAFLD is also linked to systemic inflammatory conditions such as psoriasis. NAFLD is currently the most common cause of ESLD in Western countries, becoming a serious public health concern.Hidradenitis suppurativa(HS) is a systemic inflammatory/autoinflammatory disease of the terminal follicular epithelium of the apocrine gland with a prevalence of 0.05% to 4.10%. Due to its systemic inflammatory behavior several comorbidities were recently associated, however liver ones were scarcely assessed.AIM To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of NASH/NAFL in HS patients.METHODS This retrospective study is a sub-analysis of a larger study carried out in 4 Italian dermatological centers. In this cohort, there were 83 patients: 51 patients with HS only, 20 patients with HS/NAFL and 12 with HS/NASH.RESULTS Inflammatory comorbidities were present in 3.9% of HS only patients, 25% of HS/NAFL patients and 58.3% of HS/NASH patients(P < 0.001). Similarly, mean Autoinflammatory Disease Damage Index(ADDI) was significantly higher among patients with HS/NASH(5.3 ± 2.2, P < 0.001) compared to patients with HS/NAFL or HS only(2.8 ± 1.6 and 2.6 ± 1.4 respectively). Furthermore, ADDI correlates with IHS4 in HS, HS/NAFL and HS/NASH. Diabetic patients have higher Hurley score than not diabetic ones. Ultrasound examination was significantly different in the three groups.CONCLUSION HS patients displayed a high prevalence of NASH/NAFLD and ultrasound examination should be particularly addressed to patients that display high ADDI scores.展开更多
文摘We sadly heard of the passing away of Prof.Jouni Uitto,a renowned dermatologist and chair of the Department of Dermatology&Cutaneous Biology at Thomas Jefferson University,USA,on December 17,2022,at the age of 79.The international dermatology community has lost a great master and Chinese dermatologists have lost a beloved friend forever.
文摘Pityriasis rosea(PR) is a common erythemato-squamous dermatosis which almost always, is easily diagnosed. Mostly the disease presents in its classical form. However, clinical dermatology is all about variations and PR is not an exception. Variants of the disease in some cases may be troublesome to diagnose and confuse clinicians. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of the condition becomes necessary to avoid unnecessary investigations. We hereby review and illustrate atypical presentations of the disease, including diverse forms of location and morphology of the lesions, the course of the eruption, and its differential diagnoses.
文摘Purpose: To evaluate the profile of in vitro susceptibility of yeasts isolated from cases of primary and espisodic vulvovaginitis to two antifungal agents. Methods: 40 Candida isolates from episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis were identified by classic methodologies. The susceptibility testing of the in vitro fluconazole and ketoconazole activity against the isolates was accessed by E-test. Results: C. albicans was the most common species identified in 70% of the occurrences followed by C. glabrata (20%), C. tropicalis (7.5%), and C. guilliermondii (2.5%). In the susceptibility profile to antifungal agents, 12.5% and 16.7% of the isolates obtained from primary and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis were resistant to fluconazole, respectively. To ketoconazole, we found that 6.25% and 12.5% of the isolates respectively from primary vulvovaginal candidiasis (PVVC) and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis (EVVC) had high MIC values. Conclusions: E-test is a reliable method for the susceptibility testing of Candida spp. due to its simplicity, reproducibility, and lack of specialized equipment. Resistant strains and non-albicans species were verified more in cases of EVVC than in PVVC. Clinical and mycological cure of patients with episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis or complicated cases occurred after prolonged treatment and sometimes with multiple antifungals use.
文摘AIM To evaluate the outcomes in biological treatment and quality of life of psoriatic patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC) treated with new Direct-Acting Antiviral agents(DAAs) compared to pegylated interferon-2α plus ribavirin(P/R) therapy.METHODS This is a retrospective study involving psoriatic patients in biological therapy who underwent anti-hepatitis C virus(HCV) treatment at the Department of Dermatology Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute Milan, Italy from January 2010 to November 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: patients that underwent therapy with DAAs and patients that underwent HCV treatment with P/R. Patients were assessed by a dermatologist for psoriasis symptoms, collecting Psoriasis Area Severity Index(PASI) scores and the Dermatology Quality of Life Index(DLQI). PASI and DLQI scores were evaluated 24 wk after the end of HCV treatment and were assumed as an outcome of the progression of psoriasis. Switching to a different b DMARD was considered as an inadequate response to biological therapy. The dropout of HCV therapy and sustained virological response(SVR) were considered as outcomes of HCV therapy.RESULTS Fifty-nine psoriatic patients in biological therapy underwent antiviral therapy for CHC. Of this, 27 patients were treated with DAAs and 32 with P/R. After 24 wk post treatment, the DLQI and the PASI scores were significantly lower(P < 0.001 and P < 0.005, respectively) in the DAAs group compared with P/R group. None of the patients in the DAAs group(0/27) compared to 8 patients of the P/R group(8/32) needed a shift in biological treatment.CONCLUSION DAAs seem to be more effective and safe than P/R in HCV-positive psoriatic patients on biological treatment. Fewer dermatological adverse events may be due to interferon-free therapy.
文摘Facial sagging is a major aging change that affects the overall shape of the face. Sagging can negatively impact self-perception and consequently quality of life. In order to fight against this aging sign, we developed a combination of three active ingredients: Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine (THPE), Ononis Spinosa extract and Glycerin. In a clinical study, we assessed the efficacy of this association on facial sagging and wrinkles, with a special focus on immediate and lasting effects. Thirty-nine women applied the tested product daily during an eight-week treatment period. Clinical grading by experts and a new, easy to operate, 2-D imaging method were performed at different time points. The 2-D imaging method measured the upper eyelid lifting effect. The results showed an immediate and significant improvement in sagging and wrinkle parameters;these benefits were still observed seven hours after the first application. Results also showed a significant long-term improvement. The lifting effect calculated from the 2-D pictures was 1.08 mm immediately after application;the same method showed a 1.80 mm lifting effect following the eight-week treatment period. These results suggest that a skin care product combining THPE, Ononis Spinosa and Glycerin properties may be used to reduce sagging as well as wrinkles with both immediate and long term benefits.
文摘Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by the Sporothrix schenckii complex. It has three classic clinical variants: fixed, lymphangitic, and systemic. Treatment in most cases has been itraconazole or potassium iodide. The aim of this paper is to communicate an unusual relapsing case treated with IK. We report a 73-year-old woman with lymphangitic sporotrichosis, adequate response to treatment with potassium iodide, and recurrence 15 months after. A molecular test was performed through the amplification of a 331 bp fragment of the calmodulin gene. In both infections, the same specie was isolated. The effects of potassium iodide are briefly discussed, and we conclude that the same treatment can be prescribed, if no side effects are observed.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> To evaluate photodynamic therapy (PDT) </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> to reduce the growth of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> spp, and its synergy with the antifungals fluconazole and ketoconazole for inhibition of resistant, DDS and susceptible isolates from asymptomatic carriers and with complicated vulvovaginitis. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Between 2017 and 2020</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> we evaluated 230 women with vulvovaginal candidiasis and 400 asymptomatic. We obtained 130 positive cultures for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">spp from vulvovaginitis and 94 asymptomatic. Yeasts were characterized by classical and molecular tests. Sensitivity to fluconazole and ketoconazole was evaluated by E-test. We used photodynamic light through blue LED, wavelengths between 450 to 470 nm, power of 260 mW, energy</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">f</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">l</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">uence of 270 J/cm</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, for 15 minutes over all colonies of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> spp</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methylene blue (MB) at 450 mg/mL, 2% gentian violet (VG) and 50</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">μM curcumin (CR) were used in association or not with LED irradiation. Suspensions of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">spp of 10</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">6</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> CFU/mL, subjected to the different assays, were introduced in 96-well microplates, incubated for 48 hours at 35</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">˚</span>C and the readings at 530</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nm. The samples were finally cultivated in Petri plates containing Sabouraud dextrose agar to assess the growth inhibition. All procedures were in triplicate. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> was prevalent in vulvovaginal candidiasis, however, we also isolated non-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> species such as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. glabrata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> C. tropicalis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. parapsilosis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. There was a substantial reduction (66.6% to 83.8%) of the CFU/mL of the isolates treated with FDT. Gentian violet at 2% alone reduced the growth of CFU/ml of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> spp from 69% to 75%. Among isolates of vaginitis and asymptomatic carriers, after using FDT, we found a reduction in resistant phenotypes and DDS for fluconazole in percentages from 20% to 100% for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, from 50% to 100% </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. glabrata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, 33.3% to 100% </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. parapsilosis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and 100% </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. tropicalis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. For ketoconazole in the same isolates, there was a reduction in phenotypes with MIC</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">16 μg/mL of up to 50% in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, 50% to 100% </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. glabrata</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, 50% to 100% </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. tropicalis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> PDT with MB, GV and CR revealed efficacy </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in reducing the growth of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and non-</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">albicans</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, especially due to chronic recurrent vulvovaginitis.</span></span>
文摘BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) includes two distinct conditions, with different histologic features and prognosis: non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH). Furthermore, NASH is the more aggressive necro-inflammatory form, which may accumulate fibrosis and result in End stage liver disease(ESLD). NAFLD is also linked to systemic inflammatory conditions such as psoriasis. NAFLD is currently the most common cause of ESLD in Western countries, becoming a serious public health concern.Hidradenitis suppurativa(HS) is a systemic inflammatory/autoinflammatory disease of the terminal follicular epithelium of the apocrine gland with a prevalence of 0.05% to 4.10%. Due to its systemic inflammatory behavior several comorbidities were recently associated, however liver ones were scarcely assessed.AIM To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of NASH/NAFL in HS patients.METHODS This retrospective study is a sub-analysis of a larger study carried out in 4 Italian dermatological centers. In this cohort, there were 83 patients: 51 patients with HS only, 20 patients with HS/NAFL and 12 with HS/NASH.RESULTS Inflammatory comorbidities were present in 3.9% of HS only patients, 25% of HS/NAFL patients and 58.3% of HS/NASH patients(P < 0.001). Similarly, mean Autoinflammatory Disease Damage Index(ADDI) was significantly higher among patients with HS/NASH(5.3 ± 2.2, P < 0.001) compared to patients with HS/NAFL or HS only(2.8 ± 1.6 and 2.6 ± 1.4 respectively). Furthermore, ADDI correlates with IHS4 in HS, HS/NAFL and HS/NASH. Diabetic patients have higher Hurley score than not diabetic ones. Ultrasound examination was significantly different in the three groups.CONCLUSION HS patients displayed a high prevalence of NASH/NAFLD and ultrasound examination should be particularly addressed to patients that display high ADDI scores.