In this book new results on controller design techniques for the tracking of generic reference inputs are presented. They allow the design of a controller for an uncertain process, either continuous or discrete-time, ...In this book new results on controller design techniques for the tracking of generic reference inputs are presented. They allow the design of a controller for an uncertain process, either continuous or discrete-time, without zeros, and with measurable state. The controller guarantees that the control system is Type 1 and has the desired constant gain and poles or that the control system tracks, with a specified maximum error and with a specified maximum time constant, a generic reference with bounded derivative (variation in the discrete-time case), also in the presence of a generic disturbance with bounded derivative (variation). In addition, it is considered the case in which the reference is known a priori. The utility and the efficiency of the proposed methods are illustrated with attractive and significant examples of motion control and temperature control. This book is useful for the design of control systems, especially for manufacturing systems, that are versatile, fast, precise and robust.展开更多
Single-cell phase-contrast tomography promises to become decisive for studying 3D intracellular structures in biology.It involves probing cells with light at wide angles,which unfortunately requires complex systems.He...Single-cell phase-contrast tomography promises to become decisive for studying 3D intracellular structures in biology.It involves probing cells with light at wide angles,which unfortunately requires complex systems.Here we show an intriguing concept based on an inherent natural process for plants biology,i.e.,dehydration,allowing us to easily obtain 3D-tomography of onion-epidermal cells’nuclei.In fact,the loss of water reduces the turgor pressure and we recognize it induces significant rotation of cells’nuclei.Thanks to the holographic focusing flexibility and an ad-hoc angles’tracking algorithm,we combine different phase-contrast views of the nuclei to retrieve their 3D refractive index distribution.Nucleolus identification capability and a strategy for measuring morphology,dry mass,biovolume,and refractive index statistics are reported and discussed.This new concept could revolutionize the investigation in plant biology by enabling dynamic 3D quantitative and label-free analysis at sub-nuclear level using a conventional holographic setup.展开更多
文摘In this book new results on controller design techniques for the tracking of generic reference inputs are presented. They allow the design of a controller for an uncertain process, either continuous or discrete-time, without zeros, and with measurable state. The controller guarantees that the control system is Type 1 and has the desired constant gain and poles or that the control system tracks, with a specified maximum error and with a specified maximum time constant, a generic reference with bounded derivative (variation in the discrete-time case), also in the presence of a generic disturbance with bounded derivative (variation). In addition, it is considered the case in which the reference is known a priori. The utility and the efficiency of the proposed methods are illustrated with attractive and significant examples of motion control and temperature control. This book is useful for the design of control systems, especially for manufacturing systems, that are versatile, fast, precise and robust.
文摘Single-cell phase-contrast tomography promises to become decisive for studying 3D intracellular structures in biology.It involves probing cells with light at wide angles,which unfortunately requires complex systems.Here we show an intriguing concept based on an inherent natural process for plants biology,i.e.,dehydration,allowing us to easily obtain 3D-tomography of onion-epidermal cells’nuclei.In fact,the loss of water reduces the turgor pressure and we recognize it induces significant rotation of cells’nuclei.Thanks to the holographic focusing flexibility and an ad-hoc angles’tracking algorithm,we combine different phase-contrast views of the nuclei to retrieve their 3D refractive index distribution.Nucleolus identification capability and a strategy for measuring morphology,dry mass,biovolume,and refractive index statistics are reported and discussed.This new concept could revolutionize the investigation in plant biology by enabling dynamic 3D quantitative and label-free analysis at sub-nuclear level using a conventional holographic setup.
