Antidiabetic effect of Merremia emarginata Burm.F.in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Objective:To investigate the antidiabetic property of Merremia emarginata(M.emarginata) Burm.F.plant in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.Methods:The dose dependent effects of 28 days oral treatment with methanol extract(100,200 and 400 mg/kg) from the plant oi M.emarginata on blood glucose level,body weight,insulin,total hemoglobin,glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1C),total protein,serum urea,serum creatinine and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes were evaluated in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.Histology of pancreas was also studied.Results:A significant decrease in blood glucose,serum urea and serum creatinine and significant increase in body weight,insulin and protein level were observed in diabetic rats treated with M.emarginata.Treatment with M.emarginata resulted in a significant reduction of HbAlC and an increase in total hemoglobin level.The activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes such as hexokinase were significantly increased whereas glucose-6phosphatase,fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase were significantly decreased by the administration of M.emarginata in diabetic rats.Histology of diabetic rats treated with M.emarginata showed the pancreatic β-cells regeneration.Conclusions:These findings suggest that M.emarginata has potent antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Effect of Biophytum sensitivum on streptozotocin and nicotinamideinduced diabetic rats

Objective:To investigate the effect of aqueous solution of Biophytum sensUiuum leaf extract(BSEt)on normal and strcptozotocin(STZ)-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats.Methods:Diabetes was induced in adult male Wislar rata by the administration of STZ-nicotinamide(40,110 mg/kg b.w.,respectively)intraperitoneally.BSEt(200 mg/kg)was administered to diabetic rats for 28 days.The effect of extract on blood glucose,plasma insulin,total haemoglobin,glycosylated haemoglobin,liver glycogen and carbohydrate melatxilism regulating enzymes of liver was studied in diabetic rats.Results:BSEt significantly reduced the blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels and significantly increased the total haemoglobin,plasma insulin and liver glycogen levels in diabetic rats.It also increased the hexokinase activity and decreased glucose-6-phosphatase,fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activities in diabetic rats.Conclusions:The results of our study suggest that BSEt possesses a promising effecl on STZ-nicotinamide-induced diabetes.

Effect of Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) R.Br.hexane extract on preadipocytes viability and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells

Objective:To investigate the crude extracts of Ichnacarpus frutescens(I.frutescens) for antiobesity effect.Methods:Leaves of I.frutescens were sequentially extracted with hexane,ethyl acetate, and methanol and their effect on viability of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were evaluated.Based on this the apoptosis on preadipocytes was confirmed by DMA fragmentation and LDH(Lactate dehydrogenase) leakage assays.Anti-adipogenesis was performed by oil red O(ORO) staining and free glycerol release in the medium of differentiated adipocytes.Results:The hexane extract of I.frutescens(IFHE) inhibited cell viability in a time- and dose-related manner.An increased release of LDH.as a marker of membrane integrity,was observed at a dose of 200μg/mL The discontinuous DMA fragments on agarose gel electrophoresis showed the apoptotic effect of the IFHE.Morphological observations of cells stained with ORG showed a decrease in cellular lipid content at the concentrations tested compared to the induced control cells.In the experiment of lipolytic activity,treatment with IFHE enhanced glycerol secretion with the rates of approximately 28%.55%,and 46%at the concentrations of 100,200 and 300μg/mL,respectively.Conclusions: The observed properties clearly revealed the medicinal property of I.frulescens in the treatment of obesity.

miRNA-24 and miRNA-466i-5p controls inflammation in rat hepatocytes

The discovery of microRNAs （miRNAs） is one of tbe most significant breakthroughs in recent decades, miRNAs are a class of small, endogenous, non-coding RNAs （19-24 nt） that negatively regulate the expression of target genes by binding to their 3＇ untranslated region and are involved in various biological processes. Three main approaches that are globally used for the detection of miRNA include direct cloning, forward genetics and computational approaches using bioinformatics.