An overview is presented on the status of studies on multiple codes in genetic sequences. Indirectly, the existence of multiple codes is recognized in the form of several rediscoveries of Second Genetic Code that is d...An overview is presented on the status of studies on multiple codes in genetic sequences. Indirectly, the existence of multiple codes is recognized in the form of several rediscoveries of Second Genetic Code that is different each time. A due credit is given to earlier seminal work related to the codes often neglected in literature. The latest developments in the field of chromatin code are discussed, as well as perspectives of single-base resolution studies of nucleosome positioning, including rotational setting of DNA on the surface of the histone octamers.展开更多
In recent developments in chemistry and genetic engineering, the humble researcher dealing with the origin of life finds her（him）self in a grey area of tackling something that even does not yet have a clear definiti...In recent developments in chemistry and genetic engineering, the humble researcher dealing with the origin of life finds her（him）self in a grey area of tackling something that even does not yet have a clear definition agreed upon. A series of chemical steps is described to be considered as the life-nonlife transition, if one adheres to the minimalistic definition： life is self-reproduction with variations. The fully artificial RNA system chosen for the exploration corresponds sequence-wise to the reconstructed initial triplet repeats, presumably corresponding to the earliest protein-coding molecules. The demonstrated occurrence of the mismatches （variations） in otherwise complementary syntheses （＂self-reproduction＂）, in this RNA system, opens an experimental and conceptual perspective to explore the origin of life （and its definition）, on the apparent edge of the origin.展开更多
基金supported by Grant 222/09 of Israel Science Foundation, and by Fellowship of SoMoPro (South Moravian Program, Czech Republic) with financial contribution of European Union within the seventh framework program (FP/2007-2013, Grant No. 229603)
文摘An overview is presented on the status of studies on multiple codes in genetic sequences. Indirectly, the existence of multiple codes is recognized in the form of several rediscoveries of Second Genetic Code that is different each time. A due credit is given to earlier seminal work related to the codes often neglected in literature. The latest developments in the field of chromatin code are discussed, as well as perspectives of single-base resolution studies of nucleosome positioning, including rotational setting of DNA on the surface of the histone octamers.
基金supported by Grant ASI-INAF n. I/015/07/0 "Esplorazione del Sistema Solare"
文摘In recent developments in chemistry and genetic engineering, the humble researcher dealing with the origin of life finds her（him）self in a grey area of tackling something that even does not yet have a clear definition agreed upon. A series of chemical steps is described to be considered as the life-nonlife transition, if one adheres to the minimalistic definition： life is self-reproduction with variations. The fully artificial RNA system chosen for the exploration corresponds sequence-wise to the reconstructed initial triplet repeats, presumably corresponding to the earliest protein-coding molecules. The demonstrated occurrence of the mismatches （variations） in otherwise complementary syntheses （＂self-reproduction＂）, in this RNA system, opens an experimental and conceptual perspective to explore the origin of life （and its definition）, on the apparent edge of the origin.
