Hydrology of the high glacierized region in the Tianshan Mountains is an important water resource for arid and semiarid areas of China,even Central Asia.The hydrological process is complex to understand,due to the hig...Hydrology of the high glacierized region in the Tianshan Mountains is an important water resource for arid and semiarid areas of China,even Central Asia.The hydrological process is complex to understand,due to the high variability in cli mate and the lack of hydrometeorological data.Based on field observations,the present study analyzes the meteorological and hydrological characteristics of the Koxkar Glacier River Basin during 20082011;and the factors influencing climate impact on glacier hydrology are discussed.The results show that precipitation at the terminus of the glacier was 426.2 mm,471.8 mm,624.9 mm,and 532 mm in 2008,2009,2010,and 2011,respectively.Discharge increases starting in May,reaches its highest value in July and August,and then starts to decrease.The mean annual discharge was 118.23×106 m3 during the four years observed,with 87.0%occurring in the ablation season(May September).During the study period,the runoff in August accounted for 29%of total streamflow,followed by July(22%)and June(14%).The runoff exhibited obviously high interannual variability from April to September,induced by drastic changes in climate factors.Discharge autocorrelations are very high for all the years.The climate factors show different influences on discharge.The highest correlation R between daily temperature and discharge was for a time lag of 23 days 2on the Koxkar Glacier(0.660.76).The daily depth of runoff to daily temperature and daily water vapor pressure had an R value of 0.56 and 0.69,respective ly,which could be described by an exponential function.A closer relationship is found between runoff and either tempera ture or water vapor pressure on a monthly scale;the R2 values are 0.65 and 0.78,respectively.The study helps us to under stand the mechanisms of the hydrological meteorological system of typical regional glaciers and to provide a reference for glacier-runoff simulations and water-resource management.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971094,41871055,41871059)a project of the State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science(SKLCS-ZZ-2019)+1 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2019414)the CAS Pioneer Hundred Talents Program(Xiaoming Wang)
文摘Hydrology of the high glacierized region in the Tianshan Mountains is an important water resource for arid and semiarid areas of China,even Central Asia.The hydrological process is complex to understand,due to the high variability in cli mate and the lack of hydrometeorological data.Based on field observations,the present study analyzes the meteorological and hydrological characteristics of the Koxkar Glacier River Basin during 20082011;and the factors influencing climate impact on glacier hydrology are discussed.The results show that precipitation at the terminus of the glacier was 426.2 mm,471.8 mm,624.9 mm,and 532 mm in 2008,2009,2010,and 2011,respectively.Discharge increases starting in May,reaches its highest value in July and August,and then starts to decrease.The mean annual discharge was 118.23×106 m3 during the four years observed,with 87.0%occurring in the ablation season(May September).During the study period,the runoff in August accounted for 29%of total streamflow,followed by July(22%)and June(14%).The runoff exhibited obviously high interannual variability from April to September,induced by drastic changes in climate factors.Discharge autocorrelations are very high for all the years.The climate factors show different influences on discharge.The highest correlation R between daily temperature and discharge was for a time lag of 23 days 2on the Koxkar Glacier(0.660.76).The daily depth of runoff to daily temperature and daily water vapor pressure had an R value of 0.56 and 0.69,respective ly,which could be described by an exponential function.A closer relationship is found between runoff and either tempera ture or water vapor pressure on a monthly scale;the R2 values are 0.65 and 0.78,respectively.The study helps us to under stand the mechanisms of the hydrological meteorological system of typical regional glaciers and to provide a reference for glacier-runoff simulations and water-resource management.
