Aims:To determine the refractive status and ocular dimensions of a cohort of children at age 10-12 years with birth weight below 1701 g,and also the relation between the neonatal ophthalmic findings and subsequent ref...Aims:To determine the refractive status and ocular dimensions of a cohort of children at age 10-12 years with birth weight below 1701 g,and also the relation between the neonatal ophthalmic findings and subsequent refractive state.Methods:293 low birth weight children who had been examined in the neonatal period were assessed at 10-12 years of age.The examination consisted of autorefraction,keratometry,and A-scan.Results of right eyes were compared with published normative data.Results:293 of the birth cohort of 572 children consented to participate.The average mean spherical equivalent(MSE)in the low birth weight cohort was+ 0.691 dioptre,significantly higher than the control data(+ 0.30D,p=0.02).The average change in MSE over the 10-12 year period was-1.00 dioptre(n=256),but only 62.1% of cases showed a shift in refractive error of the appropriate magnitude and direction.The presence of any retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)increases the risk of developing anisometropia sixfold.Conclusions:Low birth weight and ROP both significantly impact the refractive state in the long term.At age 10-12 years children born preterm have an increased prevalence of all refractive errors.In low birth weight children refractive state is relatively stable over the first decade of life with a shift towards myopia of 1 dioptre.展开更多
Aim:To survey existing ophthalmic follow up protocols in the United Kingdom for very low birth weight(VLBW)children.In addition,relative risk analysis was performed using data from a cohort study to assess which facto...Aim:To survey existing ophthalmic follow up protocols in the United Kingdom for very low birth weight(VLBW)children.In addition,relative risk analysis was performed using data from a cohort study to assess which factors(birth weight,gestational age,retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)status)led to a high risk of developing amblyogenic factors.Methods:Questionnaires were sent to every orthoptic department in the United Kingdom(n=288)for information on their policy on the follow up of VLBW children.Results:Responses were received from 125 departments(43%).There was a large variation in criteria used for follow up;21% of respondents using birth weight(BW)and gestational age(GA),22% using stage 3 or treated ROP,the remainder using a combination of these factors.There was no consensus regarding when follow up should commence(from 3 months to 3 years)or cease(1-8 years).Relative risk analysis revealed that birth weight under 1500 g,GA under 33 weeks,and the presence of severe ROP were significant risk factors for developing one or more amblyogenic factors.Conclusion:There is no consensus on whether VLBW children need to be reviewed.There is a greatly increased risk of ophthalmic deficits in those with severe ROP or severe neurological disorders,and also in those with mild or no ROP.Children in the latter group who are not routinely followed up,have a high risk of developing treatable refractive errors and strabismus.This raises the question of whether an additional screening examination is merited.展开更多
文摘Aims:To determine the refractive status and ocular dimensions of a cohort of children at age 10-12 years with birth weight below 1701 g,and also the relation between the neonatal ophthalmic findings and subsequent refractive state.Methods:293 low birth weight children who had been examined in the neonatal period were assessed at 10-12 years of age.The examination consisted of autorefraction,keratometry,and A-scan.Results of right eyes were compared with published normative data.Results:293 of the birth cohort of 572 children consented to participate.The average mean spherical equivalent(MSE)in the low birth weight cohort was+ 0.691 dioptre,significantly higher than the control data(+ 0.30D,p=0.02).The average change in MSE over the 10-12 year period was-1.00 dioptre(n=256),but only 62.1% of cases showed a shift in refractive error of the appropriate magnitude and direction.The presence of any retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)increases the risk of developing anisometropia sixfold.Conclusions:Low birth weight and ROP both significantly impact the refractive state in the long term.At age 10-12 years children born preterm have an increased prevalence of all refractive errors.In low birth weight children refractive state is relatively stable over the first decade of life with a shift towards myopia of 1 dioptre.
文摘Aim:To survey existing ophthalmic follow up protocols in the United Kingdom for very low birth weight(VLBW)children.In addition,relative risk analysis was performed using data from a cohort study to assess which factors(birth weight,gestational age,retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)status)led to a high risk of developing amblyogenic factors.Methods:Questionnaires were sent to every orthoptic department in the United Kingdom(n=288)for information on their policy on the follow up of VLBW children.Results:Responses were received from 125 departments(43%).There was a large variation in criteria used for follow up;21% of respondents using birth weight(BW)and gestational age(GA),22% using stage 3 or treated ROP,the remainder using a combination of these factors.There was no consensus regarding when follow up should commence(from 3 months to 3 years)or cease(1-8 years).Relative risk analysis revealed that birth weight under 1500 g,GA under 33 weeks,and the presence of severe ROP were significant risk factors for developing one or more amblyogenic factors.Conclusion:There is no consensus on whether VLBW children need to be reviewed.There is a greatly increased risk of ophthalmic deficits in those with severe ROP or severe neurological disorders,and also in those with mild or no ROP.Children in the latter group who are not routinely followed up,have a high risk of developing treatable refractive errors and strabismus.This raises the question of whether an additional screening examination is merited.
