Powder mixing is being modeled using a simulation based on Newtonian mechanics. Variables under consideration include particle friction and the amplitude, frequency, and direction of shaking. Trajectories for each par...Powder mixing is being modeled using a simulation based on Newtonian mechanics. Variables under consideration include particle friction and the amplitude, frequency, and direction of shaking. Trajectories for each particle were recorded, and a mixing degree was calculated for each simulation, for which the average energy transferred into the powder system was recorded and compared to the resulting mixing degree. Mixing of particles originally located near the bottom was studied separately, as was the mixing of particles near the surface. This study shows that choosing the proper mixing parameters not only enhances the final result of mixing, but also yields good results with less strain on the material mixed and on the mixing device.展开更多
Bacterial cellulose is a versatile material with applications in many industries. However, the widespread uptake of bacterial cellulose faces challenges including high production costs and lack of scalability. One app...Bacterial cellulose is a versatile material with applications in many industries. However, the widespread uptake of bacterial cellulose faces challenges including high production costs and lack of scalability. One approach to address these obstacles is the use of alternative substrates and media, compared to the Hestrin-Schramm (HS) media. By evaluating and selecting appro- priate media and substrates, the production of bacterial cellulose can be more efficient: enabling sustainable systems and supply chains where less energy and materials are lost, and the output production is increased. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current landscape of bac- terial cellulose alternative media and substrates (ingredients). Through a systematic review of 198 papers, this review identifies 299 alternative substrates from 12 industries and 101 bacte- rial cellulose-producing strains, which were systematically compared. This review also finds that there are methodological gaps in this field such as data variability, papers mislabelling the HS media or not using a comparison media, and a lack of strain names. This alternative substrate analysis for bacterial cellulose production demonstrates that overall, for some applications al- ternative substrates can be taken into consideration that are not only cheaper, but also produce higher yields than HS media.展开更多
Particle size, packing density and blend composition of glass ballotini, microcrystalline cellulose pellets and theophylline granules were studied by diffuse light transmission. Diffuse visible light was directed to t...Particle size, packing density and blend composition of glass ballotini, microcrystalline cellulose pellets and theophylline granules were studied by diffuse light transmission. Diffuse visible light was directed to the sample and the intensity of the light transmitted to the opposite side of the sample was measured through a diffusing lens using a phototransistor, Light transmission was found to decrease with decreasing particle size and with increasing packing density, There was a correlation, though somewhat irregular, between light transmission and particle size for glass ballotini and microcrystalline cellulose pellets, and a strong near-linear correlation between light transmission and particle size for theophylline granules, The effect of packing density on light transmission was significant, Differentiating the composition of binary blends of microcrystalline cellulose pellets and glass ballotini and blends of theophylline granules was found possible on the basis of light transmission, The method proposed showed potential as a rapid, simple and inexpensive analytical tool for basic process diagnostics,展开更多
文摘Powder mixing is being modeled using a simulation based on Newtonian mechanics. Variables under consideration include particle friction and the amplitude, frequency, and direction of shaking. Trajectories for each particle were recorded, and a mixing degree was calculated for each simulation, for which the average energy transferred into the powder system was recorded and compared to the resulting mixing degree. Mixing of particles originally located near the bottom was studied separately, as was the mixing of particles near the surface. This study shows that choosing the proper mixing parameters not only enhances the final result of mixing, but also yields good results with less strain on the material mixed and on the mixing device.
文摘Bacterial cellulose is a versatile material with applications in many industries. However, the widespread uptake of bacterial cellulose faces challenges including high production costs and lack of scalability. One approach to address these obstacles is the use of alternative substrates and media, compared to the Hestrin-Schramm (HS) media. By evaluating and selecting appro- priate media and substrates, the production of bacterial cellulose can be more efficient: enabling sustainable systems and supply chains where less energy and materials are lost, and the output production is increased. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current landscape of bac- terial cellulose alternative media and substrates (ingredients). Through a systematic review of 198 papers, this review identifies 299 alternative substrates from 12 industries and 101 bacte- rial cellulose-producing strains, which were systematically compared. This review also finds that there are methodological gaps in this field such as data variability, papers mislabelling the HS media or not using a comparison media, and a lack of strain names. This alternative substrate analysis for bacterial cellulose production demonstrates that overall, for some applications al- ternative substrates can be taken into consideration that are not only cheaper, but also produce higher yields than HS media.
基金The Finnish Pharmaceutical Society, Helsinki University Pharmacy and Finnish Cultural Foundation are gratefully acknowledged for supporting the corresponding author financially
文摘Particle size, packing density and blend composition of glass ballotini, microcrystalline cellulose pellets and theophylline granules were studied by diffuse light transmission. Diffuse visible light was directed to the sample and the intensity of the light transmitted to the opposite side of the sample was measured through a diffusing lens using a phototransistor, Light transmission was found to decrease with decreasing particle size and with increasing packing density, There was a correlation, though somewhat irregular, between light transmission and particle size for glass ballotini and microcrystalline cellulose pellets, and a strong near-linear correlation between light transmission and particle size for theophylline granules, The effect of packing density on light transmission was significant, Differentiating the composition of binary blends of microcrystalline cellulose pellets and glass ballotini and blends of theophylline granules was found possible on the basis of light transmission, The method proposed showed potential as a rapid, simple and inexpensive analytical tool for basic process diagnostics,
