Effect of Stretching - Setting Treatment on Dyeing Behavior of Wool

Changes of dyeing behavior of wool after stretching - setting treatment are studied.Effects of stretching - setting on wool structure are analyzed.It is concluded that stretching - setting treatment not only reduces wool diameter and increases wool length,but also brings about low-temperature dyeing of wool.

Design of the reactive dyes containing large planar multi-conjugated systems and their application in non-aqueous dyeing

The development of pollution-free dyeing technology, including anhydrous dyeing and non-aqueous dyeing technologies, has always been an important way and research hot in energy conservation and emission reduction. Designing new structural dye molecules is the key to water-saving dyeing processes.Herein, three reactive dyes were designed and synthesized, which contained large planar multiconjugated systems and multi-reactive groups. The designed reactive dyes are expected to have high affinity and high fixations in non-aqueous or small bath dyeing processes. The reactive dyes were applied in the decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(DMCS) reverse micelle dyeing for cotton fabric. High exhaustion rate of 99.35%, 98.10% and 98.80%, and fixation rate of 95.15%, 96.34% and 94.40% for three dyes, R1,R2 and R3, could be respectively obtained. The dyes can be fully utilized and had excellent dyeing performance, fastness and levelling properties under the revere micelle dyeing. The cotton fabric is like an oil-water separator in the dyeing process, where the dye micelles rapidly absorb and permeate into the cotton fibers. DMCS circulates around the fabric to transfer mass and energy. After dyeing, the solvent can be separated quickly and reused. The new reactive dyes containing large planar and multi-conjugated systems have potential application in green and sustainable dyeing technology with less wastewater and higher utilization.

Research of Dyeing Thermodynamics and Supramolecular Structure of Luteolin on Wool Fabric

Natural dyestuff of luteolin was isolated and used to dye wool fabric in this paper. Ethanol extraction and high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) were used to extract and purify the luteolin from the peanut shell, and the structure of the isolated luteolin was characterized with FTIR techniques. The interaction between dyestuff and fiber was preliminarily discussed through thermodynamic study and supramolecular structure simulation to explain the intrinsic reasons why the color fastness was low when luteolin was applied to dyeing wool fabric. The extraction condition and purification parameter were as follows: 65% ethanol, ratio of material to liquid 1:20, 80°C, 3 h, chloroform-methanol-water (4/3/2, V/V), 800 rmp/min, 2.0 Mkpa, 0.5 mL/ min and 280 nm. The results of dyeing thermodynamics showed that the sorption isotherm of luteolin on wool fabric was consistent with Nernst model and similar to the disperse dyestuff. With molecular simulation, luteolin and glycin composed 8 stable complexes whose Laplacian values all were greater than 0, which suggested typical hydrogen bonds existing. The complex with three hydrogen bonds was proved the most stable. Both studies on thermodynamics and supramolecular simulation revealed that luteolin on wool fabric mainly depended on the weak hydrogen bonds interaction that determined the low dyefastness.

Dyeing Thermodynamics and Supramolecular Structure of Lac Red on Protein Fibers

The dyeing temperature of natural dye lac red on two kinds of natural protein fibers was studied, and the interaction between dyestuff and fiber was discussed through thermodynamic study and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The optimum temperature for lac red dyed silk was 60˚C and wool showed a better response at 90˚C. The thermodynamics study revealed good Nernst isotherm and Freundlich adsorption models respectively, and the lac dye adsorption processes were both spontaneous and exothermic. The potential interaction of Laccaic acid A with the external environment by electrostatic potential and atomic charge distribution was first explored. With molecular simulation, Laccaic acid A and glycine composed 8 stable complexes. Then, typical hydrogen bonds, bond length, and binding energy, etc. were analyzed. The results revealed lac red on silk and wool fabric mainly depended on the weak hydrogen bonds and van der Waals force which determined the low dye fastness.

Investigation of Dyeing Properties of Different Fabric Species with Alkanna Orientalis Root Extract

In this study, the dyeing properties of different fabric species were investigated using root extract of yellow sormunen （Alkanna orientalis）. For this purpose, the cotton and wool fabrics were dyed using the root extract of yellow sormunen by pre-mordanting, together-mordanting and last-mordanting methods with copper sulfate （CuSO4）, iron sulfate （FeSO4） and aluminum sulfate （AiK（SO4）2） at medium pH. The same procedure was applied to cotton and wool fabrics that allowed in Artifical Urinary System （AUS） [%3 NH3 ＋ %3 urea ＋ %3 CAC2O4（g/v）] for 24 h. The color codes were determined with Pantone Color Quide, and K/S and L＊ a＊ b＊ values were detected with color measurement spectrophotometer, and also washing-, crocking-fastness levels were evaluated using gray scale. According to the evaluations, the fabrics dyed pre-treated with AUS have higher fastness values than the unpre-treated dyed fabrics with AUS.

Rational construction of heterointerfaces in biomass sugarcane-derived carbon for superior electromagnetic wave absorption

The pervasive adoption of 5th generation mobile communication technology propels electromagnetic wave(EW)absorbents to achieve high-level performance.The heterointerface construction is crucial to the improvement of absorption ability.Herein,a series of ultralight composites with rational heterointerfaces(Co/ZnO@N-doped C/layer-stacked C,MSC)is fabricated by calcination with ration-al construction of sugarcane and CoZn-zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF).The components and structures of as-prepared composites were investigated,and their electromagnetic parameters could be adjusted by the content of CoZn-ZIFs.All composites possess excellent EW absorption performance,especially MSC-3.The optimal minimum reflection loss and effective absorption band of MSC-3 can reach−42 dB and 7.28 GHz at the thickness of only 1.6 mm with 20wt%filler loading.This excellent performance is attributed to the syner-gistic effect of dielectric loss stemming from the multiple heterointerfaces and magnetic loss induced by magnetic single Co.The sugar-cane-derived layer-stacked carbon has formed consecutive conductive networks and has further dissipated the electromagnetic energy through multiple reflection and conduction losses.Moreover,the simulated radar cross section(RCS)technology manifests that MSC-3 possesses outstanding EW attenuation capacity under realistic far-field conditions.This study provides a strategy for building efficient ab-sorbents based on biomass.

A novel Ag/ZnO core-shell structure for efficient sterilization synergizing antibiotics and subsequently removing residuals

The massive use of antibiotics has led to the aggravation of bacterial resistance and also brought environmental pollution problems.This poses a great threat to human health.If the dosage of antibiotics is reduced by increasing its bactericidal performance,the emergence of drug resistance is certainly delayed,so that there's not enough time for developing drug resistance during treatment.Therefore,we selected typical representative materials of metal Ag and semiconductor ZnO nano-bactericides to design and synthesize Ag/ZnO hollow core-shell structures(AZ for short).Antibiotics are grafted on the surface of AZ through rational modification to form a composite sterilization system.The research results show that the antibacterial efficiency of the composite system is significantly increased,from the sum(34.7%+22.8%-57.5%)of the antibacterial efficiency of AZ and gentamicin to 80.2%,net synergizes 22.7%,which fully reflects the effect of 1+1>2.Therefore,the dosage of antibiotics can be drastically reduced in this way,which makes both the possibility of bacterial resistance and medical expenses remarkably decrease.Subsequently,residual antibiotics can be degraded under simple illumination using AZ-self as a photocatalyst,which cuts off the path of environmental pollution.In short,such an innovative route has guiding significance for drug resistance.

Rational design of photofunctional dyes BODIPYs/aza-BODIPYs and applications for photocatalysis, photoelectric conversion and thermochromic materials

4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-sindacene (BODIPY) is a sort of photofunctional dye which possesses advantages including strong light-capturing property, high photon-resistance, etc. Meso-N substituted aza-BODIPY is a crucial derivative of BODIPY scaffold that has the favorable optical properties and a significant spectral redshift. The photophysical properties can be tuned by molecular design, and the attenuation path of the excited state energy release of absorbed light energy can be well controlled via structural modifications, enabling tailored application. It has been extensively employed in life medicine fields including fluorescence imaging diagnosis, photodynamic therapy photosensitizer and photothermal therapy reagent and so forth. Extensive research and review have been performed in these areas. However, BODIPYs/aza-BODIPYs have a significant role in energy, catalysis, optoelectronics, photo-responsive materials and other fields. Nevertheless, there are relatively few studies and reviews in these fields on the modification and application based on BODIPY/aza-BODIPY scaffold. Herein, in this review we summarized the application of BODIPY/aza-BODIPY in the aforementioned fields, with the molecular regulation of dye as the foundation and the utilization in the above fields as the objective, in the intention of providing inspiration for the exploration of innovative BODIPY/aza-BODIPY research in the field of light resource conversion and functional materials.

混合浆液组分对α-淀粉酶酶解淀粉浆料的影响

针对以淀粉为主浆料上浆的色织物淀粉浆料退浆效率差的问题,对混合浆液中的PVA浆料、聚丙烯酸类浆料和辅助浆料进行单因素试验,探讨了这些组分对淀粉浆料酶解性能的影响。结果表明,混合浆液中的PVA浆料、聚丙烯酸类浆料对淀粉浆料的酶解性能基本无影响,但混合浆液中的辅助浆料蜡片对淀粉浆料的酶解性能有显著影响。在混合浆液中加入脂肪酶,与淀粉酶协同作用能一定程度提高淀粉浆料的分解效率,但效果不显著,可能是因为α-淀粉酶和脂肪酶的最适条件不同。

Kinetics of Hydrolysis of Cationic Reactive Disperse Dyes Containing Quaternary Group

The kinetics of hydrolysis of cationic reactive disperse dyes containing quaternary group and chemical shift（13CNMR） of the adjacent carbon atoms with pyridine-acetylamino were discussed. The results show pyridine-acetylamino reactive group had higher reactivity than chloroacetylamino and chemical shift（13 CNMR） of the adjacent carbon atoms with pyridine-acetylamino moved 18.77 ppm.

Treatment of simulated wastewater containing Reactive Red 195 by zero-valent iron/activated carbon combined with microwave discharge electrodeless lamp/sodium hypochlorite

A comparative study of treatment of simulated wastewater containing Reactive Red 195 using zero-valent iron/activated carbon （ZVI/AC）, microwave discharge electrodeless lamp/sodium hypochlorite （MDEL/NaCIO） and the combination of ZVI/AC- MDEL/NaCIO was conducted. The preliminary results showed the two steps method of ZVI/AC-MDEL/NaCIO had much higher degradation efficiency than both single steps. The final color removal percentage was nearly up to 100% and the chemical oxygen demand reduction percentage was up to approximately 82%. The effects of operational parameters, including initial pH value of simulated wastewater, ZVI/AC ratio and particle size of ZVI were also investigated. In addition, from the discussion of synergistic effect between ZVI/AC and MEDL/NaCIO, we found that in the ZVI/AC-MEDL/NaCIO process, ZVI/AC could break the azo bond firstly and then MEDLfNaCIO degraded the aromatic amine products effectively. Reversing the order would reduce the degradation efficiency.

Temperature‑Arousing Self‑Powered Fire Warning E‑Textile Based on p-n Segment Coaxial Aerogel Fibers for Active Fire Protection in Firefighting Clothing

Firefighting protective clothing is a crucial protective equipment for firefighters to minimize skin burn and ensure safety firefighting operation and rescue mission.A recent increasing concern is to develop self-powered fire warning materials that can be incorporated into the firefighting clothing to achieve active fire protection for firefighters before the protective clothing catches fire on fireground.However,it is still a challenge to facilely design and manufacture thermoelectric(TE)textile(TET)-based fire warning electronics with dynamic surface conformability and breathability.Here,we develop an alternate coaxial wet-spinning strategy to continuously produce alternating p/n-type TE aerogel fibers involving n-type Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene and p-type MXene/SWCNT-COOH as core materials,and tough aramid nanofiber as protective shell,which simultaneously ensure the flexibility and high-efficiency TE power generation.With such alternating p/n-type TE fibers,TET-based self-powered fire warning sensors with high mechanical stability and wearability are successfully fabricated through stitching the alternating p-n segment TE fibers into aramid fabric.The results indicate that TET-based fire warning electronics containing 50 p-n pairs produce the open-circuit voltage of 7.5 mV with a power density of 119.79 nW cm-2 at a temperature difference of 300℃.The output voltage signal is then calculated as corresponding surface temperature of firefighting clothing based on a linear relationship between TE voltage and temperature.The fire alarm response time and flame-retardant properties are further displayed.Such self-powered fire warning electronics are true textiles that offer breathability and compatibility with body movement,demonstrating their potential application in firefighting clothing.

KOH activated carbon derived from biomass-banana fibers as an efficient negative electrode in high performance asymmetric supercapacitor

Here we demonstrate the fabrication, electrochemical performance and application of an asymmetric supercapacitor (AS) device constructed with ss-Ni(OH)(2)/MWCNTs as positive electrode and KOH activated honeycomb-like porous carbon (K-PC) derived from banana fibers as negative electrode. Initially, the electrochemical performance of hydrothermally synthesized ss-Ni(OH)(2)/MWCNTs nanocomposite and K-PC was studied in a three-electrode system using 1 M KOH. These materials exhibited a specific capacitance (Cs) of 1327 Fig and 324 F/g respectively at a scan rate of 10 mV/s. Further, the AS device i.e., ss-Ni(OH)(2)/MWCNTs// K-PC in 1 M KOH solution, demonstrated a Cs of 156 F/g at scan rate of 10 mV/s in a broad cell voltage of 0-2.2 V. The device demonstrated a good rate capability by maintaining a Cs of 59 F/g even at high current density (25 A/g). The device also offered high energy density of 63 Wh/kg with maximum power density of 5.2 kW/kg. The AS device exhibited excellent cycle life with 100% capacitance retention at 5000th cycle at a high current density of 25 A/g. Two AS devices connected in series were employed for powering a pair of LEDs of different colors and also a mini fan. (C) 2016 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved.

Low-Temperature Growing Anatase TiO2/SnO2 Multi-dimensional Heterojunctions at MXene Conductive Network for High-Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

A multi-dimensional conductive heterojunction structure,composited by TiO2,SnO2,and Ti3C2TX MXene,is facilely designed and applied as electron transport layer in efficient and stable planar perovskite solar cells.Based on an oxygen vacancy scramble effect,the zero-dimensional anatase TiO2 quantum dots,surrounding on two-dimensional conductive Ti3C2TX sheets,are in situ rooted on three-dimensional SnO2 nanoparticles,constructing nanoscale TiO2/SnO2 heterojunctions.The fabrication is implemented in a controlled lowtemperature anneal method in air and then in N2 atmospheres.With the optimal MXene content,the optical property,the crystallinity of perovskite layer,and internal interfaces are all facilitated,contributing more amount of carrier with effective and rapid transferring in device.The champion power conversion efficiency of resultant perovskite solar cells achieves 19.14%,yet that of counterpart is just 16.83%.In addition,it can also maintain almost 85%of its initial performance for more than 45 days in 30–40%humidity air;comparatively,the counterpart declines to just below 75%of its initial performance.

Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Based on GO-QDs as Enhanced Fluorescent Nanoscale Device for Specific Recognition of Target Protein

In this work the enhanced molecularly imprinted optosensing material based on graphene oxide-quantum dots （ GO- QDs） was synthesized for highly selective and sensitive specific recognition of the target protein, bovine serum albumin （BSA）. Here, GO was introduced to enhance the efficiency of mass-transfer in recognition of target protein. Molecularly imprinted polymer coated GO-QDs using BSA as template （BMIP-coated GO-QDs ） exhibited a fast mass-transfer speed, which could be ascribed to the high volume of efficient surface area and high target recognition efficiency of the synthesized nanoscale device. Under optimal conditions, it was found that the BSA as target protein could remarkably quench the relative fluorescence intensity of BMIP- coated GO-QDs linearly in a concentration-dependent manner that was best described by a Stern-Volmer equation. The Ksv （Stern- Volmer constant） for template BSA was much higher than bovine hemoglobin （BHb） and lysozyme （Lyz）, implying a highly selective recognition ability of the BMIP-coated GO-QDs to BSA. This enhanced fluorescent nanoscale device may provide opportunities to develop a system that is efficient and effective and has potential in the design of highly effective fluorescent receptor for recognition of target protein in Droteomics studies.

Preparation of Calcium Cross-linked Nano-Fe3O4 Modified Zeolite Microspheres for Cu^2+ Adsorption from Wastewater

Artificial zeolite was modified by nano-Fe3O4 for development of functional adsorbents.Subsequently,adsorbents such as calcium cross-linked nano-Fe3O4 microspheres (Ca-MS),calcium cross-linked nano-Fe3O4 modified zeolite microspheres (Ca-MZS) and iron cross-linked nano-Fe3O4 modified zeolite microspheres (Fe-MZS) were prepared and compared for their adsorption performance.The effects of adsorbent dosage,solution pH,initial concentration and ion content on the removal of Cu^2+ from wastewater are investigated,and the adsorption kinetics and isotherms for the adsorbent materials were analyzed.The experimental results indicate that for the initial concentration of Cu^2+ of 30 mg/L,the adsorption is noted to be most stable.The optimal initial pH for adsorbing Cu^2+ is observed to be 5.5.At an optimal dosage of Ca-MZS of 900 mg/L,the adsorption capacity is measured to be 28.25 mg/g,along with the removal rate of 72.49%.The addition of Na+ and K+ affects the adsorption of Cu^2+.For the Na^+ and K^+ concentration of 0.2 mmol/L,the Cu^2+ removal rate by Ca-MZS drops to 11.94% and 22.12%,respectively.As compared with the adsorbents such as Natural Zeolite (NZ),Ca-MS and Fe-MZS,Ca-MZS demonstrates the best removal effect in solution,where the removal rate reaches 84.27%,with the maximum adsorption capacity of 28.09 mg/g.The Cu^2+ adsorption kinetics of Ca-MZS is observed to follow the Elovich kinetic model,with the adsorption isotherm data fitting the Freundlich isotherm model by using the non-linear method.

Experimental study of weld position detection based on keyhole infrared image during high power fiber laser welding

Keyhole is one of the important phenomena in high-power laser welding process. By studying the keyhole characteristic and detecting the seam offset during high-power fiber laser welding, an infrared sensitive high-speed camera arranged off-axis orientation of laser beam was applied to capture the dynamic thermal images of a molten pool. The 304 austenitic stainless steel plate butt joint welding experiment with laser power 10 kW was carried out. Through analyzing the keyhole infrared image, the weld position was calculated. Least squares method was used to determine the actual weld position. Image filtering technique was used to process the keyhole image, and the keyhole centroid coordinate were calculated. Also, least squares method was used to fit the keyhole centroid curve equation and establish a nonlinear continuous model which described the deviation between keyhole centroid and weld seam. The heat accumulation effect affected by the infrared radiation was analyzed to determine whether the laser beam focus spot deviated from the desired welding seam. Experimental results showed that the keyhole centroid has related to the seam offset, and can reflect the welding quality.

The Three-region Method of Color Matching in the Presence of Fluorescent Whitening Agents

An expression of reflectance of fluorescent dyes in emission region was used in this article. Through the analysis of the spectral radiance factor of fluorescent whitening agents(FWA), the color matching of FWA was studied and the three-region method of color matching method was put forward. The method was proved to be reliable for the dyes used and was easy to apply for the color matching of FWAs.

Preparation and Performance of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate⁃Labeled Fluorescent Starch and Polyvinyl Alcohol for Warp Sizing

In order to solve the problems of low accuracy and poor variety adaptability of the current measurement method of the permeability and coating property of sizing paste in textile industry, taking starch and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) as the representatives of the most commonly used textile sizes, various concentrations of fluorescent molecules fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC) were used to label starch and PVA to prepare fluorescein(F)-starch and F-PVA fluorescent sizes with different degrees of labeling(DLs) for the first time, respectively. Then the starch and PVA derivatives were employed to size pure cotton warp yarns. After preparing the sections of the sized yarns, the permeability and coating percentage of starch and PVA paste to the yarns were calculated by using a fluorescence microscope and the Photoshop software, respectively. The results demonstrate that F-starch and F-PVA with appropriate DL of 0.791% and 0.161%, respectively, exhibit good fluorescence property and similar sizing performance to the sizing performance of unlabeled starch and PVA. It is considered that fluorescence labeling of sizing agents with fluorescein units can provide an innovative way for the accurate determination of the permeability and coating property of sizing paste to warp yarns.

Crystal Structure,Stability and Dissolution of a Drug-drug Molecular Salt Hydrate of Berberine with Protocatechuic Acid

A drug-drug molecular salt hydrate of berberine and protocatechuic acid has been prepared.Protocatechuic acid lost its carboxylic proton and turned to be protocatechuic anion to form a 1：1：1 organic salt hydrate with berberine,[C（20）H（18）NO4]＋[C7H5O4]^-·H2O（1）.Compound1 crystallizes in the triclinic system,space group P1 with a = 7.9849（5）,b =10.5437（5）,c = 14.3621（5）？,α = 77.983（4）,β = 82.900（4）,γ = 78.024（4）o,V = 1152.82（10） A^3,Mr= 507.48,Dc= 1.462 g/cm^3,μ = 0.929 mm^-1,F（000） = 532,Z = 2,the final R = 0.0488 and w R = 0.1322 for 3993 reflectionswith I 〉 2σ（I）.The hydrate exhibited good solid state stability against humidity,which may result from strong hydrogen-bonding interactions between water molecules and carboxylate groups.The hydrate also exhibited acceptable solubility and dissolution rate.