In South-Eastern forests of France,risks linked to the effects of tropospheric ozone(O_(3))are real;its annual impact has been observed specifically near the coastline and in high altitude mountains during the period ...In South-Eastern forests of France,risks linked to the effects of tropospheric ozone(O_(3))are real;its annual impact has been observed specifically near the coastline and in high altitude mountains during the period 2017-2019.In this study,the risk assessment of O_(3)pollutant was carried out using two approaches based on forest response indicators such as O_(3)specific foliar visible injury and by stomatal O_(3)flux.Phytotoxic O_(3)dose values(POD_(0))were obtained by the DO_(3)SE model.The model requires hourly O_(3)concentration for POD_(0)calculation.A modified approach that uses measurements from passive samplers(monthly average O_(3)concentration)was tested for the calculation of POD_(0)and test results showed good agreement with the POD_(0)calculated using hourly O_(3)data.In the model input file,the average O_(3)concentration is used for POD_(0),and this could be useful for POD_(0)calculation when the active monitor is limited.In this study,a flux-based assessment provided better correlation with O_(3)specific leaf injury,which is also species-specific.Foliar visible injury in response to O_(3)indicates that Pinus cembra and Pinus halepensis are more affected and therefore more sensitive than Pinus sylvestris.The POD_(0)and stomatal conductance(Gsto)seem to be induced by environmental factors,primarily rainfall and the soil water potential(fSWP).The correlation between the O_(3)flux metric and environmental variables with forest response indicators by Spearman rank test confirms P.cembra as one of the most sensitive species to O_(3).展开更多
Invariant conditions for conformable fractional problems of the calculus of variations under the presence of external forces in the dynamics are studied. Depending on the type of transformations considered, different ...Invariant conditions for conformable fractional problems of the calculus of variations under the presence of external forces in the dynamics are studied. Depending on the type of transformations considered, different necessary conditions of invariance are obtained. As particular cases, we prove fractional versions of Noether's symmetry theorem. Invariant conditions for fractional optimal control problems, using the Hamiltonian formalism, are also investigated. As an example of potential application in Physics, we show that with conformable derivatives it is possible to formulate an Action Principle for particles under frictional forces that is far simpler than the one obtained with classical fractional derivatives.展开更多
The present study reports a physicochemical comparison of shade-grown and sun-grown coffee beans, under unripe, rip and roasted-ripe conditions, using electrical conductivity measurements, electron paramagnetic resona...The present study reports a physicochemical comparison of shade-grown and sun-grown coffee beans, under unripe, rip and roasted-ripe conditions, using electrical conductivity measurements, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Moreover, the assessed physicochemical parameters were compared with organoleptic evaluations based on the Coffee Quality Institute protocol. The values found for electrical conductivity, leached potassium, and stable free radicals were respectively 29%, 31%, and 350% higher for shade-grown coffee beans, whereas polyphenol oxidase enzymatic activity was 23% lower. By contrast, FTIR and HPLC measurements identified higher chlorogenic acid and lipid contents in sun-grown coffee beans. Importantly, the sensorial grade attributed to roasted-ripe grains was 12% higher for sun-grown coffee. Our findings suggest that shade-grown coffee beans have undergone microorganismal activity and undesired fermentation during cultivation, which resulted in lower coffee quality. A correlation between a set of selected physicochemical properties and organoleptic properties was robustly established and could be used in the development of future coffee bean quality control protocols.展开更多
Continuous development of technology provides an opportunity to incorporate feedback in online assessments.The mode of online instruction during the pandemic was the most significant survival change.Technology enabled...Continuous development of technology provides an opportunity to incorporate feedback in online assessments.The mode of online instruction during the pandemic was the most significant survival change.Technology enabled every teacher and student to enter a virtual classroom to make sense of education.Feedback is part of language instruction and is a powerful key to improving students’learning performance.Feedback plays an influential and crucial role in teaching and learning.Feedback is an invaluable,ultimate learning tool for learners that aids them in not committing the same error again and creates impetus.Thus,knowing about formative exam feedback is students’right because quality feedback allures them.Given students’eagerness,providing feedback is considered a good practice to be followed by all the teaching faculty.Apropos of online feedback,the present study attempts to study how pedagogical agents provide online feedback in language assessments.The study also considers the characteristics of pedagogical conversational agents that are suitable for providing feedback in online language assessment.Simply put,the study encapsulates that screen agents play an essential role in students’motivation and acceptability of learning through feedback.展开更多
For the first time, sulfanilamide(SFD) was determined in otologic solution, human urine and serum by electroanalytical techniques on glassy carbon electrode(GCE). The cyclic voltammetry(CV) experiments showed an irrev...For the first time, sulfanilamide(SFD) was determined in otologic solution, human urine and serum by electroanalytical techniques on glassy carbon electrode(GCE). The cyclic voltammetry(CV) experiments showed an irreversible oxidation peak at t 1.06 V in 0.1 mol/L BRBS(p H ? 2.0) at 50 m V/s. Different voltammetric scan rates(from 10 to 250 m V/s) suggested that the oxidation of SFD on the GCE was a diffusioncontrolled process. Square-wave voltammetry(SWV) method under optimized conditions showed a linear response to SFD from 5.0 to 74.7 μmol/L(R ? 0.999) with detection and quantification limits of 0.92 and3.10 μmol/L, respectively. The developed SWV method showed better results for detection limit and linear range than the chronoamperometry method. It has been successfully applied to determine SFD concentration in pharmaceutical formulation, human urine and serum samples with recovery close to 100%.展开更多
A theoretical study on the electron drift velocity and electron nonequilibrium temperature of indium nitride(InN)is presented.It is based on a nonlinear quantum kinetic theory which provides a description of the dissi...A theoretical study on the electron drift velocity and electron nonequilibrium temperature of indium nitride(InN)is presented.It is based on a nonlinear quantum kinetic theory which provides a description of the dissipative phenomena developing in the system.The ultrafast time evolution of the electron drift velocity and electron nonequilibrium temperature is obtained,and overshoot effects are evidenced on both of them.The overshoot onsets are shown to occur at 4 kV/cm,electric field intensity which is considerably smaller than those recently derived by resorting to Monte Carlo simulations.展开更多
Oil spills can generate multiple effects in different time scales on the marine ecosystem. The numerical modeling of these processes is an important tool with low computational cost which provides a powerful appliance...Oil spills can generate multiple effects in different time scales on the marine ecosystem. The numerical modeling of these processes is an important tool with low computational cost which provides a powerful appliance to environmental agencies regarding the risk management. In this way, the objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of a number of physical forcing acting over a hypothetical oil spill along the Southern Brazilian Shelf. The numerical simulation was carried out using the ECOS model (Easy Coupling Oil System), an oil spill model developed at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, coupled with the tridimensional hydrodynamic model TELEMAC3D (EDF, France). The hydrodynamic model provides the current velocity, salinity and temperature fields used by the oil spill model to evaluate the behavior and the fate of the spilled oil. The results suggest that the local wind influence is the main forcing driven the fate of the spilled oil, and this forcing responds for more than 60% of the oil slick variability. The direction and intensity of the costal currents control between 20% and 40% of the oil variability, and the currents are important controlling the behavior and the tridimensional transportation of the oil. On the other hand, the turbulent diffusion is important for the horizontal drift of the oil. The weathering results indicate 40% of evaporation and 80% of emulsification, and the combination of these processes leads an increasing of the oil density around, 53.4 kg/m3 after 5 days of simulation.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Severe poisoning due to the overdosing of cardiac drugs can lead to cardiovascular failure.In order to decrease the mortality rate,the most severe patients should be transferred as quickly as possible to an...BACKGROUND:Severe poisoning due to the overdosing of cardiac drugs can lead to cardiovascular failure.In order to decrease the mortality rate,the most severe patients should be transferred as quickly as possible to an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)center.However,the predictive factors showing the need for venous-arterial ECMO(VA-ECMO)had never been evaluated.METHODS:A retrospective,descriptive,and single-center cohort study.All consecutive patients admitted in the largest ICU of Reunion Island(Indian Ocean)between January 2013 and September 2018 for beta-blockers(BB),calcium channel blockers(CCB),renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers,digoxin or anti-arrythmic intentional poisonings were included.ECMO implementation was the primary outcome.RESULTS:A total of 49 consecutive admissions were included.Ten patients had ECMO,39 patients did not have ECMO.Three patients in ECMO group died,while no patients in the conventional group died.The most relevant ECMO-associated factors were pulse pressure and heart rate at first medical contact and pulse pressure,heart rate,arterial lactate concentration,liver enzymes and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)at ICU-admission.Only pulse pressure at first medical contact and LVEF were significant after logistic regression.CONCLUSION:A transfer to an ECMO center should be considered for a pulse pressure<35 mmHg at first medical contact or LVEF<20%on admission to ICU.展开更多
In this article, the classic dynamic of Paul trap problem is investigated. We give a complete description of the topological structure of Hamiltonian flows on the real phase space. Using the surgery’s theory of Fomen...In this article, the classic dynamic of Paul trap problem is investigated. We give a complete description of the topological structure of Hamiltonian flows on the real phase space. Using the surgery’s theory of Fomenko Liouville tori, all generic bifurcations of the common level sets of the first integrals were described theoretically. We give also an explicit periodic solution for singular values of the first integrals. Numerical investigations are carried out for all generic bifurcations and we observe order-chaos transition when the critical value of a control parameter is varied.展开更多
In a context of growing efforts to develop sustainability strategies, energy-related issues occupy central stage in the built environment. Thus, the energy performance of housings has improved radically over the past ...In a context of growing efforts to develop sustainability strategies, energy-related issues occupy central stage in the built environment. Thus, the energy performance of housings has improved radically over the past decades. Yet other types of buildings, in particular commercial centers, haven’t received the same level of interest. As a result, there is a need for effective and practical measures to decrease their energy consumption, both for heating and electricity. The objective of the paper is to demonstrate that it is possible, through coherent strategies, to integrate energy issues and bioclimatic principles into the design process of commercial centers. It analyzes the exemplary case study of Marin Commercial Center (Switzerland). The interdisciplinary approach, based on integrated design strategies, aimed at increasing the energy efficiency while keeping the cost comparable to the market cost. The main design principles include natural ventilation, nighttime cooling with energy recovery and natural lighting, as well as optimization of mechanical systems. The results of the simulations show that Marin Center attains the best energy performance observed so far among Swiss commercial centers. It also meets the Swiss Minergie standard. The paper thus questions traditional design processes and outlines the need for interdisciplinary evaluation and monitoring approaches tailored for commercial centers. Even though most crucial decisions are taken during the early stages, all phases of the process require systematic optimization strategies, especially operating stages. Recommendations include legal measures, in particular in the fields of ventilation and air-conditioning, education, professional development and technology transfer, and financial incentives for the replacement of energy intensive installations.展开更多
In this paper, the integrable classical case of the Hydrogen atom subjected to three static external fields is investigated. The structuring and evolution of the real phase space are explored. The bifurcation diagram ...In this paper, the integrable classical case of the Hydrogen atom subjected to three static external fields is investigated. The structuring and evolution of the real phase space are explored. The bifurcation diagram is found and the bifurcations of solutions are discussed. The periodic solutions and their associated periods for singular common-level sets of the first integrals of motion are explicitly described. Numerical investigations are performed for the integrable case by means of Poincaré surfaces of section and comparing them with nearby living nonintegrable solutions, all generic bifurcations that change the structure of the phase space are illustrated;the problem can exhibit regularity-chaos transition over a range of control parameters of system.展开更多
In this paper, we discuss the problem concerning global and local structure of solutions of an operator equation posed by M. S. Berger. Let f : U (?)E→ F be a C1 map, where E and F are Banach spaces and U is open in ...In this paper, we discuss the problem concerning global and local structure of solutions of an operator equation posed by M. S. Berger. Let f : U (?)E→ F be a C1 map, where E and F are Banach spaces and U is open in E. We show that the solution set of the equation f(x)=y for a fixed generalized regular value y of f is represented as a union of disjoint connected C1 Banach submanifolds of U, each of which has a dimension and its tangent space is given. In particular, a characterization of the isolated solutions of the equation f(x) = y is obtained.展开更多
The genera Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and several other allied taxa in Lophiostomataceae are revisited.Accounts of these taxa,including their history,morphology,and family placement,based on molecular phylogeny,are...The genera Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and several other allied taxa in Lophiostomataceae are revisited.Accounts of these taxa,including their history,morphology,and family placement,based on molecular phylogeny,are provided.Type or representative specimens of Lophiostoma and Misturatosphaeria were examined and fresh specimens were obtained from Germany,Italy,Japan and Thailand.A multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of the lophiostomataceous genera Floricola,Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and related taxa is provided.Sixteen genera including Lophiostoma,Lophiohelichrysum,Dimorphiopsis,Platystomum and Vaginatispora,plus eleven newly introduced genera Biappendiculispora,Alpestrisphaeria,Capulatispora,Coelodictyosporium,Guttulispora,Lophiopoacea,Neotrematosphaeria,Paucispora,Pseudolophiostoma,Pseudoplatystomum and Sigarispora are accepted in Lophiostomataceae based on morphology and phylogeny.Lophiostoma caulium,Lophiostoma arundinis and Lophiostoma caudatum are accommodated in Sigarispora.Lophiostoma winteri and Lophiostoma fuckelii are placed in the genera Lophiopoacea and Vaginatispora respectively.Three Curreya species and Misturatosphaeria claviformis are transferred to a new genus,Neocurreya.All other Misturatosphaeria species except Misturatosphaeria aurantiinotata and M.uniseptata are separated in the new genera Asymmetrispora,Aurantiascoma,Magnibotryascoma,Pseudoaurantiascoma and Pseudomisturatosphaeria based on their morphological and phylogenetic affinities.Another new genus,Ramusculicola is introduced for a new collection from Thailand.These seven new genera are accommodated in a new family Floricolaceae,together with Floricola and Misturatosphaeria.Several massarina-like species clustered as a sister clade to Amorosia littoralis and are accommodated in a new genus Angustimassarina.A new family Amorosiaceae is proposed to accommodate the genera Amorosia and Angustimassarina.The putatively named species Decaisnella formosa and Thyridaria macrostomoides form a separate clade together with a new genus Lignosphaeria which is placed in Dothideomycetes,genera incertae sedis.展开更多
Groundwater is the main source of water in the studied area;therefore, it is significantly requested in all the activities of the inhabitants. These natural resources are affected by some drivers especially Land Use/L...Groundwater is the main source of water in the studied area;therefore, it is significantly requested in all the activities of the inhabitants. These natural resources are affected by some drivers especially Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and Climate Change. A Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) dynamics study is crucial for any global environmental change evaluation. For instance, for a given place, its change could affect considerably water cycle components. Therefore, the knowledge of the effects of LULC on groundwater recharge is then the key in water resources management system, in particular for the decision makers of the Koda Catchment where the scarcity of the water availability for agriculture is real. The spatiotemporal variation of the different units of LULC present in the catchment has been examined in this study. The Envi 4.5 Software coupled with ArcGIS using the Supervised Classification method, was applied to subset Landsat images from 1990 to 2016. Five (5) major LULC categories, cultivated land, bare land, herbaceous savannah, shrubby savannah and degraded savannah, were identified in the catchment. In a parallel direction, the groundwater recharge has been estimated through the conceptual Gardenia model for the same period 1990-2016. The results showed that the portion of cultivated land and bare land increased (14.9% and 23.5% respectively) while, the portion of savannah decreased: herbaceous savannah by 24.4%, degraded savannah by 10.32% and Shrubby Savannah by 3.6%. Savannah areas in Koda catchment is converted to agricultural land and urban area due to human activities. The decline of 8.4% in groundwater recharge might become so far obvious in the future if the current rate of deforestation continues in the Koda catchment. There is a need to closely monitor the changes in LULC for sustainable development. The results of this study could help to well understand the recharge pattern across Koda catchment under a changing LULC.展开更多
The subjective visual vertical (SVV) was investigated in right brain-damaged (RBD) patients with pusher syndrome (PS)-which is thought to stem from an erroneous perception of body orientation. The participants, sittin...The subjective visual vertical (SVV) was investigated in right brain-damaged (RBD) patients with pusher syndrome (PS)-which is thought to stem from an erroneous perception of body orientation. The participants, sitting or lying, had to align a luminous rod with gravity. The task was performed in darkness with the rod centred to the body, or placed in the left (neglected) or in the right hemispace. The error, negligible in the control group (+0.3°; n = 6) and mild in the nonneglect non-pusher patients (-1.8°; n = 6), was clearly clockwise in the pusher neglect patients (N+P+; +7.2°; n = 4), but anticlockwise in the non-pusher neglect patients (-6.6°; n = 6). In both neglect groups, error was greater when the rod was in the left space. In N+P+patients, the performance was strongly affected by posture (lying: +5.2°; sitting: +9.2°). Intra-individual variability was also much greater in this group. This study confirms the contralesional deviation of SVV in RBD patients without PS and suggests the presence of an opposite bias in RBD patients affected by PS.展开更多
Background:An increase in life expectancy has led to an increased elderly population.In turn,this aging population is more likely to develop health conditions,such as pelvic floor disorders(PFDs).This study aimed to a...Background:An increase in life expectancy has led to an increased elderly population.In turn,this aging population is more likely to develop health conditions,such as pelvic floor disorders(PFDs).This study aimed to assess the prevalence of these disorders and the associated quality of life in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized elderly women.Materials and methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 80 female participants older than 60 years,divided into 2 groups:institutionalized and noninstitutionalized participants.The Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory Short-Form and a sociodemographic questionnaire were used.A chi-squared test was used to assess the differences in prevalence between groups.Results:There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the prevalence of PFDs or quality of life.In this study,the prevalence of PFDs was higher than that reported previously.In institutionalized women,a higher prevalence of PFDs and impaired quality of life were expected,although not observed.Conclusions:There was a higher prevalence of pelvic disorders and impaired quality of life due to these disorders in elderly women.展开更多
基金funded by the Alcotra program MITIMPACT(Grand No.1671/1450109240)the Scientific Grant Agency of the Slovak Republic,VEGA(Project No.2/0093/2)。
文摘In South-Eastern forests of France,risks linked to the effects of tropospheric ozone(O_(3))are real;its annual impact has been observed specifically near the coastline and in high altitude mountains during the period 2017-2019.In this study,the risk assessment of O_(3)pollutant was carried out using two approaches based on forest response indicators such as O_(3)specific foliar visible injury and by stomatal O_(3)flux.Phytotoxic O_(3)dose values(POD_(0))were obtained by the DO_(3)SE model.The model requires hourly O_(3)concentration for POD_(0)calculation.A modified approach that uses measurements from passive samplers(monthly average O_(3)concentration)was tested for the calculation of POD_(0)and test results showed good agreement with the POD_(0)calculated using hourly O_(3)data.In the model input file,the average O_(3)concentration is used for POD_(0),and this could be useful for POD_(0)calculation when the active monitor is limited.In this study,a flux-based assessment provided better correlation with O_(3)specific leaf injury,which is also species-specific.Foliar visible injury in response to O_(3)indicates that Pinus cembra and Pinus halepensis are more affected and therefore more sensitive than Pinus sylvestris.The POD_(0)and stomatal conductance(Gsto)seem to be induced by environmental factors,primarily rainfall and the soil water potential(fSWP).The correlation between the O_(3)flux metric and environmental variables with forest response indicators by Spearman rank test confirms P.cembra as one of the most sensitive species to O_(3).
基金supported by CNPq and CAPES(Brazilian research funding agencies)Portuguese funds through the Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications(CIDMA)the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(FCT),within project UID/MAT/04106/2013
文摘Invariant conditions for conformable fractional problems of the calculus of variations under the presence of external forces in the dynamics are studied. Depending on the type of transformations considered, different necessary conditions of invariance are obtained. As particular cases, we prove fractional versions of Noether's symmetry theorem. Invariant conditions for fractional optimal control problems, using the Hamiltonian formalism, are also investigated. As an example of potential application in Physics, we show that with conformable derivatives it is possible to formulate an Action Principle for particles under frictional forces that is far simpler than the one obtained with classical fractional derivatives.
基金The authors acknowledge financial support from CNPq and FAPES Brazilian Government Agenciesalso the Laboratorio de Ciencias Fisicas,from Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
文摘The present study reports a physicochemical comparison of shade-grown and sun-grown coffee beans, under unripe, rip and roasted-ripe conditions, using electrical conductivity measurements, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Moreover, the assessed physicochemical parameters were compared with organoleptic evaluations based on the Coffee Quality Institute protocol. The values found for electrical conductivity, leached potassium, and stable free radicals were respectively 29%, 31%, and 350% higher for shade-grown coffee beans, whereas polyphenol oxidase enzymatic activity was 23% lower. By contrast, FTIR and HPLC measurements identified higher chlorogenic acid and lipid contents in sun-grown coffee beans. Importantly, the sensorial grade attributed to roasted-ripe grains was 12% higher for sun-grown coffee. Our findings suggest that shade-grown coffee beans have undergone microorganismal activity and undesired fermentation during cultivation, which resulted in lower coffee quality. A correlation between a set of selected physicochemical properties and organoleptic properties was robustly established and could be used in the development of future coffee bean quality control protocols.
文摘Continuous development of technology provides an opportunity to incorporate feedback in online assessments.The mode of online instruction during the pandemic was the most significant survival change.Technology enabled every teacher and student to enter a virtual classroom to make sense of education.Feedback is part of language instruction and is a powerful key to improving students’learning performance.Feedback plays an influential and crucial role in teaching and learning.Feedback is an invaluable,ultimate learning tool for learners that aids them in not committing the same error again and creates impetus.Thus,knowing about formative exam feedback is students’right because quality feedback allures them.Given students’eagerness,providing feedback is considered a good practice to be followed by all the teaching faculty.Apropos of online feedback,the present study attempts to study how pedagogical agents provide online feedback in language assessments.The study also considers the characteristics of pedagogical conversational agents that are suitable for providing feedback in online language assessment.Simply put,the study encapsulates that screen agents play an essential role in students’motivation and acceptability of learning through feedback.
基金UFESCNPq,CAPES(23068719374/2017-70)FAPES(54693900/2011,54694442/2011,60125730/2012,53671880/2011)for the financial support
文摘For the first time, sulfanilamide(SFD) was determined in otologic solution, human urine and serum by electroanalytical techniques on glassy carbon electrode(GCE). The cyclic voltammetry(CV) experiments showed an irreversible oxidation peak at t 1.06 V in 0.1 mol/L BRBS(p H ? 2.0) at 50 m V/s. Different voltammetric scan rates(from 10 to 250 m V/s) suggested that the oxidation of SFD on the GCE was a diffusioncontrolled process. Square-wave voltammetry(SWV) method under optimized conditions showed a linear response to SFD from 5.0 to 74.7 μmol/L(R ? 0.999) with detection and quantification limits of 0.92 and3.10 μmol/L, respectively. The developed SWV method showed better results for detection limit and linear range than the chronoamperometry method. It has been successfully applied to determine SFD concentration in pharmaceutical formulation, human urine and serum samples with recovery close to 100%.
文摘A theoretical study on the electron drift velocity and electron nonequilibrium temperature of indium nitride(InN)is presented.It is based on a nonlinear quantum kinetic theory which provides a description of the dissipative phenomena developing in the system.The ultrafast time evolution of the electron drift velocity and electron nonequilibrium temperature is obtained,and overshoot effects are evidenced on both of them.The overshoot onsets are shown to occur at 4 kV/cm,electric field intensity which is considerably smaller than those recently derived by resorting to Monte Carlo simulations.
文摘Oil spills can generate multiple effects in different time scales on the marine ecosystem. The numerical modeling of these processes is an important tool with low computational cost which provides a powerful appliance to environmental agencies regarding the risk management. In this way, the objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of a number of physical forcing acting over a hypothetical oil spill along the Southern Brazilian Shelf. The numerical simulation was carried out using the ECOS model (Easy Coupling Oil System), an oil spill model developed at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, coupled with the tridimensional hydrodynamic model TELEMAC3D (EDF, France). The hydrodynamic model provides the current velocity, salinity and temperature fields used by the oil spill model to evaluate the behavior and the fate of the spilled oil. The results suggest that the local wind influence is the main forcing driven the fate of the spilled oil, and this forcing responds for more than 60% of the oil slick variability. The direction and intensity of the costal currents control between 20% and 40% of the oil variability, and the currents are important controlling the behavior and the tridimensional transportation of the oil. On the other hand, the turbulent diffusion is important for the horizontal drift of the oil. The weathering results indicate 40% of evaporation and 80% of emulsification, and the combination of these processes leads an increasing of the oil density around, 53.4 kg/m3 after 5 days of simulation.
文摘BACKGROUND:Severe poisoning due to the overdosing of cardiac drugs can lead to cardiovascular failure.In order to decrease the mortality rate,the most severe patients should be transferred as quickly as possible to an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)center.However,the predictive factors showing the need for venous-arterial ECMO(VA-ECMO)had never been evaluated.METHODS:A retrospective,descriptive,and single-center cohort study.All consecutive patients admitted in the largest ICU of Reunion Island(Indian Ocean)between January 2013 and September 2018 for beta-blockers(BB),calcium channel blockers(CCB),renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers,digoxin or anti-arrythmic intentional poisonings were included.ECMO implementation was the primary outcome.RESULTS:A total of 49 consecutive admissions were included.Ten patients had ECMO,39 patients did not have ECMO.Three patients in ECMO group died,while no patients in the conventional group died.The most relevant ECMO-associated factors were pulse pressure and heart rate at first medical contact and pulse pressure,heart rate,arterial lactate concentration,liver enzymes and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)at ICU-admission.Only pulse pressure at first medical contact and LVEF were significant after logistic regression.CONCLUSION:A transfer to an ECMO center should be considered for a pulse pressure<35 mmHg at first medical contact or LVEF<20%on admission to ICU.
文摘In this article, the classic dynamic of Paul trap problem is investigated. We give a complete description of the topological structure of Hamiltonian flows on the real phase space. Using the surgery’s theory of Fomenko Liouville tori, all generic bifurcations of the common level sets of the first integrals were described theoretically. We give also an explicit periodic solution for singular values of the first integrals. Numerical investigations are carried out for all generic bifurcations and we observe order-chaos transition when the critical value of a control parameter is varied.
文摘In a context of growing efforts to develop sustainability strategies, energy-related issues occupy central stage in the built environment. Thus, the energy performance of housings has improved radically over the past decades. Yet other types of buildings, in particular commercial centers, haven’t received the same level of interest. As a result, there is a need for effective and practical measures to decrease their energy consumption, both for heating and electricity. The objective of the paper is to demonstrate that it is possible, through coherent strategies, to integrate energy issues and bioclimatic principles into the design process of commercial centers. It analyzes the exemplary case study of Marin Commercial Center (Switzerland). The interdisciplinary approach, based on integrated design strategies, aimed at increasing the energy efficiency while keeping the cost comparable to the market cost. The main design principles include natural ventilation, nighttime cooling with energy recovery and natural lighting, as well as optimization of mechanical systems. The results of the simulations show that Marin Center attains the best energy performance observed so far among Swiss commercial centers. It also meets the Swiss Minergie standard. The paper thus questions traditional design processes and outlines the need for interdisciplinary evaluation and monitoring approaches tailored for commercial centers. Even though most crucial decisions are taken during the early stages, all phases of the process require systematic optimization strategies, especially operating stages. Recommendations include legal measures, in particular in the fields of ventilation and air-conditioning, education, professional development and technology transfer, and financial incentives for the replacement of energy intensive installations.
文摘In this paper, the integrable classical case of the Hydrogen atom subjected to three static external fields is investigated. The structuring and evolution of the real phase space are explored. The bifurcation diagram is found and the bifurcations of solutions are discussed. The periodic solutions and their associated periods for singular common-level sets of the first integrals of motion are explicitly described. Numerical investigations are performed for the integrable case by means of Poincaré surfaces of section and comparing them with nearby living nonintegrable solutions, all generic bifurcations that change the structure of the phase space are illustrated;the problem can exhibit regularity-chaos transition over a range of control parameters of system.
基金Foundation item: The NSF (10271053) of China and the Doctoral Programme Foundation of Ministry of Education of China.
文摘In this paper, we discuss the problem concerning global and local structure of solutions of an operator equation posed by M. S. Berger. Let f : U (?)E→ F be a C1 map, where E and F are Banach spaces and U is open in E. We show that the solution set of the equation f(x)=y for a fixed generalized regular value y of f is represented as a union of disjoint connected C1 Banach submanifolds of U, each of which has a dimension and its tangent space is given. In particular, a characterization of the isolated solutions of the equation f(x) = y is obtained.
基金Kevin D.Hyde thanks the Chinese Academy of Sciences,project number 2013T2S0030,for the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany.
文摘The genera Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and several other allied taxa in Lophiostomataceae are revisited.Accounts of these taxa,including their history,morphology,and family placement,based on molecular phylogeny,are provided.Type or representative specimens of Lophiostoma and Misturatosphaeria were examined and fresh specimens were obtained from Germany,Italy,Japan and Thailand.A multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of the lophiostomataceous genera Floricola,Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and related taxa is provided.Sixteen genera including Lophiostoma,Lophiohelichrysum,Dimorphiopsis,Platystomum and Vaginatispora,plus eleven newly introduced genera Biappendiculispora,Alpestrisphaeria,Capulatispora,Coelodictyosporium,Guttulispora,Lophiopoacea,Neotrematosphaeria,Paucispora,Pseudolophiostoma,Pseudoplatystomum and Sigarispora are accepted in Lophiostomataceae based on morphology and phylogeny.Lophiostoma caulium,Lophiostoma arundinis and Lophiostoma caudatum are accommodated in Sigarispora.Lophiostoma winteri and Lophiostoma fuckelii are placed in the genera Lophiopoacea and Vaginatispora respectively.Three Curreya species and Misturatosphaeria claviformis are transferred to a new genus,Neocurreya.All other Misturatosphaeria species except Misturatosphaeria aurantiinotata and M.uniseptata are separated in the new genera Asymmetrispora,Aurantiascoma,Magnibotryascoma,Pseudoaurantiascoma and Pseudomisturatosphaeria based on their morphological and phylogenetic affinities.Another new genus,Ramusculicola is introduced for a new collection from Thailand.These seven new genera are accommodated in a new family Floricolaceae,together with Floricola and Misturatosphaeria.Several massarina-like species clustered as a sister clade to Amorosia littoralis and are accommodated in a new genus Angustimassarina.A new family Amorosiaceae is proposed to accommodate the genera Amorosia and Angustimassarina.The putatively named species Decaisnella formosa and Thyridaria macrostomoides form a separate clade together with a new genus Lignosphaeria which is placed in Dothideomycetes,genera incertae sedis.
文摘Groundwater is the main source of water in the studied area;therefore, it is significantly requested in all the activities of the inhabitants. These natural resources are affected by some drivers especially Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and Climate Change. A Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) dynamics study is crucial for any global environmental change evaluation. For instance, for a given place, its change could affect considerably water cycle components. Therefore, the knowledge of the effects of LULC on groundwater recharge is then the key in water resources management system, in particular for the decision makers of the Koda Catchment where the scarcity of the water availability for agriculture is real. The spatiotemporal variation of the different units of LULC present in the catchment has been examined in this study. The Envi 4.5 Software coupled with ArcGIS using the Supervised Classification method, was applied to subset Landsat images from 1990 to 2016. Five (5) major LULC categories, cultivated land, bare land, herbaceous savannah, shrubby savannah and degraded savannah, were identified in the catchment. In a parallel direction, the groundwater recharge has been estimated through the conceptual Gardenia model for the same period 1990-2016. The results showed that the portion of cultivated land and bare land increased (14.9% and 23.5% respectively) while, the portion of savannah decreased: herbaceous savannah by 24.4%, degraded savannah by 10.32% and Shrubby Savannah by 3.6%. Savannah areas in Koda catchment is converted to agricultural land and urban area due to human activities. The decline of 8.4% in groundwater recharge might become so far obvious in the future if the current rate of deforestation continues in the Koda catchment. There is a need to closely monitor the changes in LULC for sustainable development. The results of this study could help to well understand the recharge pattern across Koda catchment under a changing LULC.
文摘The subjective visual vertical (SVV) was investigated in right brain-damaged (RBD) patients with pusher syndrome (PS)-which is thought to stem from an erroneous perception of body orientation. The participants, sitting or lying, had to align a luminous rod with gravity. The task was performed in darkness with the rod centred to the body, or placed in the left (neglected) or in the right hemispace. The error, negligible in the control group (+0.3°; n = 6) and mild in the nonneglect non-pusher patients (-1.8°; n = 6), was clearly clockwise in the pusher neglect patients (N+P+; +7.2°; n = 4), but anticlockwise in the non-pusher neglect patients (-6.6°; n = 6). In both neglect groups, error was greater when the rod was in the left space. In N+P+patients, the performance was strongly affected by posture (lying: +5.2°; sitting: +9.2°). Intra-individual variability was also much greater in this group. This study confirms the contralesional deviation of SVV in RBD patients without PS and suggests the presence of an opposite bias in RBD patients affected by PS.
文摘Background:An increase in life expectancy has led to an increased elderly population.In turn,this aging population is more likely to develop health conditions,such as pelvic floor disorders(PFDs).This study aimed to assess the prevalence of these disorders and the associated quality of life in institutionalized and noninstitutionalized elderly women.Materials and methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 80 female participants older than 60 years,divided into 2 groups:institutionalized and noninstitutionalized participants.The Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory Short-Form and a sociodemographic questionnaire were used.A chi-squared test was used to assess the differences in prevalence between groups.Results:There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the prevalence of PFDs or quality of life.In this study,the prevalence of PFDs was higher than that reported previously.In institutionalized women,a higher prevalence of PFDs and impaired quality of life were expected,although not observed.Conclusions:There was a higher prevalence of pelvic disorders and impaired quality of life due to these disorders in elderly women.