Roles of Case Studies and Case Reports in US East Asian Medicine:A Narrative-Medicine Perspective

Recorded stories of the clinical encounter stretch back to ancient times.Throughout their history,these narratives have been called by different names,reflecting changes in format,function,and audience.This paper examines and explains the differences in two related forms of clinical writing as practiced by East Asian Medicine clinicians in the United States today-the case study and the case report.Each has its strengths and weaknesses;each is suited to different roles.The case study is ideal for education and the practice of narrative medicine,whereas the case report has played a vital role in propelling East Asian Medicine into the arena of modern scientific research.

Reflections on Studying Huang Di Nei Jing in the West

Huang Di Nei Jing(《黄帝内经》The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic) has been the source text of Chinese medicine knowledge and innovation for over two thousand years. Despite this key relevance, many of its ideas and practices have proven difficult to understand and implement fully into clinical practice. Cultural and language differences can be compounded with these challenges but may also present new opportunities for advancement and insight when studied by researchers outside of the originating culture. This article introduces the method of Classical-Text Archaeology and delves into the author’s two-decade journey of researching this text, with a discussion on cultural differences and issues of medical scholarship.

Two new species and a key to Pachyprotasis species (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from the Nanling Mountains, China

The species of Pachyprotasis Hartig are investigated in the Nanling Mountains of China.Two new species are described and illustrated:Pachyprotasis hunanensis Zhong,Li&Wei sp.nov.and P.leucotrochantera Zhong,Li&Wei sp.nov.A key to 16 known species and 1 subspecies of Pachyprotasis from the Nanling Mountains is also provided.

Key to the Macrophya sanguinolenta group(Hymenoptera:Tenthredinidae)with descriptions of four new species from China

The Macrophya sanguinolenta group included four species subgroups: the M. depressina subgroup, the M. koreana subgroup, the M. sanguinolenta subgroup, and the M. tongi subgroup. Four new species, Macrophya pseudominutiluna Liu, Li & Wei sp. nov., M. pseudopentanalia Liu, Li & Wei sp. nov., M. qiliweii Liu, Li & Wei sp. nov., and M. zhangae Liu, Li & Wei sp. nov. from China are described in this work. A key to all Chinese species and a geographical distribution map of the M. sanguinolenta group in China are provided.

Descriptions of four new species of Pamphiliidae(Hymenoptera)from Zhejiang,China

A new species of Acantholyda A.Costa,1894 and three new species of Cephalcia Panzer,1805 of Pamphiliidae are described and illustrated from Zhejiang,China:Acantholyda convexiclypea Liu,Li&Wei sp.nov.at Mt.Qingliangfeng,Cephalcia puncticlypea Liu,Li&Wei sp.nov.at Mt.Qingliangfeng,C.xiaoweii Liu,Li&Wei sp.nov.at Mt.Qingliangfeng,and C.melanoptera Liu,Li&Wei sp.nov.at Mt.Fengyang.Two keys to all Zhejiang species of Acantholyda and Cephalcia are provided.

Between the Living and the Dead： Trauma Medicine and Forensic Medicine in the Mid-Qing

This paper analyzes the influence of forensic medicine on therapeutic medicine through a case study of Qian Xiuchang and Hu Tingguang, two Chinese doctors who specialized in treating traumatic injuries. During the early nineteenth century, both men compiled medical treatises that sought to improve on a scholarly model of ＂rectifying bones＂ articulated in 1742 by the Imperially-Compiled Golden Mirror of the Medical Lineage. Both texts also incorporated information from forensic medicine, including official inquest diagrams and checklists promulgated by the Qing government. I show that they drew on these forensic materials to help address two interlinked medical issues： understanding the effects of injury on different parts of the body, and clarifying the location and form of the body＇s bones. Overall, I suggest that the exchange of ideas between the realm of therapeutic medicine and forensic medicine was an important epistemological strategy that doctors and officials alike employed to improve their knowledge of the material body.

Innovative Methods to Speed up the Modernization of Chinese Medicine——The Meeting Report of the Session on Methodology Research and Modernization of Chinese Medicine,International Conference and Exposition on Traditional Medicine 2009

As a kind of complex medical science,Chinese medicine（CM） has a long history of development and application and has demonstrated on evidence basis its efficacy in many diseases affecting multiple organ systems.In recent years,great progress in CM research has been achieved with the initiation of application of sustained and multifaceted use of modern organ systems. In recent years, great progress in CM research has been achieved with the initiation of application of sustained and multifaceted use of modern scientific methods. More and more innovative methods are widely used in CM modernization researches, and the application of new methods becomes the key to further develop CM modernization.

Storylines of family medicine Ⅸ:people and places—diverse populations and locations of care

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the world.In‘Ⅸ:people and places—diverse populations and locations of care’,authors address the following themes:‘LGBTQIA+health in family medicine’,‘A family medicine approach to substance use disorders’,‘Shameless medicine for people experiencing homelessness’,“Difficult”encounters—finding the person behind the patient’,‘Attending to patients with medically unexplained symptoms’,‘Making house calls and home visits’,‘Family physicians in the procedure room’,‘Robust rural family medicine’and‘Full-spectrum family medicine’.May readers appreciate the breadth of family medicine in these essays.

Berberine for prevention of dementia associated with diabetes and its comorbidities:A systematic review

Background: A growing number of epidemiological studies indicate that metabolic syndrome(MetS) and its associated features play a key role in the development of certain degenerative brain disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. Produced by several different medicinal plants, berberine is a bioactive alkaloid with a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic effects.However, it is not clear whether berberine could prevent the development of dementia in association with diabetes.Objective: To give an overview of the therapeutic potential of berberine as a treatment for dementia associated with diabetes.Search strategy: Database searches A and B were conducted using Pub Med and Science Direct. In search A,studies on berberine’s antidementia activities were identified using “berberine” and “dementia” as search terms. In search B, recent studies on berberine’s effects on diabetes were surveyed using “berberine” and“diabetes” as search terms.Inclusion criteria: Clinical and preclinical studies that investigated berberine’s effects associated with Met S and cognitive dysfunction were included.Data extraction and analysis: Data from studies were extracted by one author, and checked by a second;quality assessments were performed independently by two authors.Results: In search A, 61 articles were identified, and 22 original research articles were selected. In search B, 458 articles were identified, of which 101 were deemed relevant and selected. Three duplicates were removed, and a total of 120 articles were reviewed for this study. The results demonstrate that berberine exerts beneficial effects directly in the brain: enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission, improving cerebral blood flow, protecting neurons from inflammation, limiting hyperphosphorylation of tau and facilitating b-amyloid peptide clearance. In addition, evidence is growing that berberine is effective against diabetes and associated disorders, such as atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, hepatic steatosis, diabetic nephropathy, gut dysbiosis, retinopathy and neuropathy, suggesting indirect benefits for the prevention of dementia.Conclusion: Berberine could impede the development of dementia via multiple mechanisms: preventing brain damages and enhancing cognition directly in the brain, and indirectly through alleviating risk factors such as metabolic dysfunction, and cardiovascular, kidney and liver diseases. This study provided evidence to support the value of berberine in the prevention of dementia associated with MetS.