Smart farming has become a strategic approach of sustainable agriculture management and monitoring with the infrastructure to exploit modern technologies,including big data,the cloud,and the Internet of Things(IoT).Ma...Smart farming has become a strategic approach of sustainable agriculture management and monitoring with the infrastructure to exploit modern technologies,including big data,the cloud,and the Internet of Things(IoT).Many researchers try to integrate IoT-based smart farming on cloud platforms effectively.They define various frameworks on smart farming and monitoring system and still lacks to define effective data management schemes.Since IoT-cloud systems involve massive structured and unstructured data,data optimization comes into the picture.Hence,this research designs an Information-Centric IoT-based Smart Farming with Dynamic Data Optimization(ICISF-DDO),which enhances the performance of the smart farming infrastructure with minimal energy consumption and improved lifetime.Here,a conceptual framework of the proposed scheme and statistical design model has beenwell defined.The information storage and management with DDO has been expanded individually to show the effective use of membership parameters in data optimization.The simulation outcomes state that the proposed ICISF-DDO can surpass existing smart farming systems with a data optimization ratio of 97.71%,reliability ratio of 98.63%,a coverage ratio of 99.67%,least sensor error rate of 8.96%,and efficient energy consumption ratio of 4.84%.展开更多
The cause-effect associations between geographical phenomena are an important focus in ecological research. Recent studies in structural equation modeling(SEM) demonstrated the potential for analyzing such associati...The cause-effect associations between geographical phenomena are an important focus in ecological research. Recent studies in structural equation modeling(SEM) demonstrated the potential for analyzing such associations. We applied the variance-based partial least squares SEM(PLS-SEM) and geographically-weighted regression(GWR) modeling to assess the human-climate impact on grassland productivity represented by above-ground biomass(AGB). The human and climate factors and their interaction were taken to explain the AGB variance by a PLS-SEM developed for the grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, China. Results indicated that 65.5% of the AGB variance could be explained by the human and climate factors and their interaction. The case study showed that the human and climate factors imposed a significant and negative impact on the AGB and that their interaction alleviated to some extent the threat from the intensified human-climate pressure. The alleviation may be attributable to vegetation adaptation to high human-climate stresses, to human adaptation to climate conditions or/and to recent vegetation restoration programs in the highly degraded areas. Furthermore, the AGB response to the human and climate factors modeled by GWR exhibited significant spatial variations. This study demonstrated that the combination of PLS-SEM and GWR model is feasible to investigate the cause-effect relation in socio-ecological systems.展开更多
This study intended to develop a healthy and environmentally friendly super-hydrophobic PET polyester textile fabric using a specific Fluoro Silane finish(SHF).A novel SHF was prepared and applied on a polyester fabri...This study intended to develop a healthy and environmentally friendly super-hydrophobic PET polyester textile fabric using a specific Fluoro Silane finish(SHF).A novel SHF was prepared and applied on a polyester fabric using a pad-dry-cure method.The finished fabric was evaluated for the degree of hydrophobicity,durability and stain repellence.The finished fabric exhibited static water contact angle greater than 170o and received 90 AATCC(4 ISO)rating that is recognized as super-hydrophobicity and this property was maintained even after a 50,000-cycle abrasion test.FTIR analysis identified the characteristic peaks related to Si-O-Si and C-F asymmetric stretching bands of the finish on the fabric indicating a robust attachment on the fabric.Finished fabric did not show any change in appearance or tactile characteristics of the fabric.展开更多
In this paper we derive a multi-choice TU game from r-replica of exchange economy with continuous, concave and monetary utility functions, and prove that the cores of the games converge to a subset of the set of Edgew...In this paper we derive a multi-choice TU game from r-replica of exchange economy with continuous, concave and monetary utility functions, and prove that the cores of the games converge to a subset of the set of Edgeworth equilibria of exchange economy as r approaches to infinity. We prove that the dominance core of each balanced multi-choice TU game, where each player has identical activity level r, coincides with the dominance core of its corresponding r-replica of exchange economy. We also give an extension of the concept of the cover of the game proposed by Shapley and Shubik (J Econ Theory 1: 9-25, 1969) to multi-choice TU games and derive some sufficient conditions for the nonemptyness of the core of multi-choice TU game by using the relationship among replica economies, multi-choice TU games and their covers.展开更多
The secure issues of APK are very important in Android applications.In order to solve potential secure problems and copyrights issues in redevelopment of APK files,in this paper we propose a new APK redevelopment mech...The secure issues of APK are very important in Android applications.In order to solve potential secure problems and copyrights issues in redevelopment of APK files,in this paper we propose a new APK redevelopment mechanism(APK-SAN).By exploring sanitizable signature technology,APK-SAN allows the original developer to authorize specified modifier who can redevelop the designated source code of APK files.Our scheme does not require interactions between the developer and modifiers.It can reduce the communication overhead and computational overhead for developers.Especially,the signature of redeveloped APK files is valid and maintains the copyrights.The proposed APK-SAN signature can effectively protect the security of the redeveloped APK files and copyrights of the developer and modifier.展开更多
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been used as a phase change material (PCM) to create a thermo-regulating fabric. PEG-600 (Mw) was encapsulated using an in-situ polymerization technique in an oil-in water emulsion with e...Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been used as a phase change material (PCM) to create a thermo-regulating fabric. PEG-600 (Mw) was encapsulated using an in-situ polymerization technique in an oil-in water emulsion with encapsulating water-immiscible liquid by the reaction of urea with formaldehyde at acidic pH. Both FTIR analysis and DSC studies verified the formation of PEG microcapsules (MC). Melting temperature (Tm) of the microcapsules was found approximately 21°C which was the same as neat PEG. The heat storage capacity of these MCs was determined to be 12.78 J/g by DSC analysis. FTIR analysis of the MCs exhibited the peaks at 3211 cm﹣1, 1650 cm﹣1, and 1400 cm﹣1. These are the characteristic absorption peaks of -NH2, -C=O stretching and -CH bending vibrations, respectively. Fabric coated with PEG microcapsules showed a 20% higher thermal resistance, than the uncoated fabric, when heated on a Sweating Hot Plate (MTNW Corporation).展开更多
For individuals with lower extremity injury or disability, upper body exercise provides a mechanism of functional mobility training, car-diovascular fitness, as well as a means for clinical fitness assessment. However...For individuals with lower extremity injury or disability, upper body exercise provides a mechanism of functional mobility training, car-diovascular fitness, as well as a means for clinical fitness assessment. However, the validity of fitness assessment relies on the efficacy of di-agnostic tools and measures in order to provide meaningful data to clinicians. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if the SciFitTMPro II Arm Ergometer, a widely available upper body ergometer (UBE), is a reliable device for the determination of VO2Peak in fit able-bodied swimmers. Eight trained male swimmers (28 ± 9 yrs) performed two incremental protocols VO2Peak consisting of a 4-min warm-up at 15 W followed by 2 min at 50 W and progressing 10 W every 2 min until volitional exhaustion. There was a linear relationship between workload and VO2 in all trials (R = 0.96;p ≤ 0.01) while Cronbach’s alpha for test-retest reliability for VO2 was 0.98. In conclusion, the UBE is an accurate and reliable device for determination of VO2Peak in trained swimmers, and further may be a viable alternative trainingVO2Peak injured athlete.展开更多
The United States has an enormous supply of parking and with the appropriation of Autonomous vehicles,the interest for these spaces could change drastically.Parking is among the most pervasive land utilizes involving ...The United States has an enormous supply of parking and with the appropriation of Autonomous vehicles,the interest for these spaces could change drastically.Parking is among the most pervasive land utilizes involving up to 31%of urban territory.With completely automated vehicles expected on the customer advertise by 2020,the$30 billion leaving industry will encounter gigantic changes as autos develop.The purpose of this paper is to analyse how the parking and garage spaces can be utilized after the implementation of automated vehicles in every household.Analysis has been conducted about different households in Ypsilanti Township using Zillow application which includes the address,area of the house,parking area and year in which it is built.Results are based on the analysis conducted on the houses and the impact of the autonomous vehicles on their parking space.展开更多
Drones are proving out as a valuable tool and growing quickly in the world of technological advances.The applications of these vehicles are spreading widely in the areas of remote sensing,real time monitoring,goods de...Drones are proving out as a valuable tool and growing quickly in the world of technological advances.The applications of these vehicles are spreading widely in the areas of remote sensing,real time monitoring,goods delivery,security,defense,surveillance,infrastructure inspection.Although,the intent behind creating this tool was remote sensing.Smart drones will be the next big innovation and modification,which would have much wider applications especially in the field of infrastructure where it can reduce risks and lower costs.Current direct evaluation techniques are tedious,and the information caught is frequently not led in a precise manner with the areas tested not being geographically correct and the resulting reports being delivered past the point of no return.These were the reasons,which have increased the demand and usage of unmanned vehicles.In this research paper,we present critical review of main advancements of Drones in the area of transportation and agriculture.We present all the research related to civil applications in those areas and challenges including traffic monitoring,Bridge condition assessment,Roadway asset detection and many other applications related to infrastructure inspection enhancement.The paper also contributes with a discussion on the opportunities,which are opened,and the challenges that need to be addressed.Findings from the case studies,it is reported that around 25%of the bridges in united states are deficient and need continuous monitoring for enhancements to prevent any hazard.Unmanned vehicles could be a great help in monitoring these bridges and other important components of transportation,which can efficiently minimize the cost as well as the time spent on inspection for each of this component,as manual inspection requires labor and time which would be subsequently reduced by incorporating the usage of drones in the area of transportation.展开更多
Purpose'. To identify co-produced multi-stakeholder perspectives important for successful widespread physically active learning (PAL) adoptionand implementation.Methods: A total of 35 stakeholders (policymakers ≪ ...Purpose'. To identify co-produced multi-stakeholder perspectives important for successful widespread physically active learning (PAL) adoptionand implementation.Methods: A total of 35 stakeholders (policymakers ≪ = 9;commercial education sector, ≪ = 8;teachers, w = 3;researchers, w = 15) attended adesign thinking PAL workshop. Participants formed 5 multi-disciplinary groups with at least 1 representative from each stakeholder group. Eachgroup, facilitated by a researcher, undertook 2 tasks: (1) using Post-it Notes, the following question was answered: within the school day, whatare the opportunities for learning combined with movement? and (2) structured as a washing-line task, the following question was answered:how can we establish PAL as the norm? All discussions were audio-recorded and transcribed. Inductive analyses were conducted by 4 authors.After the analyses were complete, the main themes and subthemes were assigned to 4 predetermined categories: (1) PAL design and implementation,(2) priorities for practice, (3) priorities for policy, and (4) priorities for research.Results'. The following were the main themes for PAL implementation: opportunities for PAL within the school day, delivery environments,learning approaches, and the intensity of PAL. The main themes for the priorities for practice included teacher confidence and competence,resources to support delivery, and community of practice. The main themes for the policy for priorities included self-governance, the Office forStandards in Education, Children's Services, and Skill, policy investment in initial teacher training, and curriculum reform. The main themes forthe research priorities included establishing a strong evidence base, school-based PAL implementation, and a whole-systems approach.Conclusion-. The present study is the first to identify PAL implementation factors using a combined multi-stakeholder perspective. To achievewider PAL adoption and implementation, future interventions should be evidence based and address implementation factors at the classroomlevel (e.g., approaches and delivery environments), school level (e.g., comm unties of practice), and policy level (e.g., initial teacher training).展开更多
In architecture,interlace structural concept is considered as a new design approach for cosmopolitan cities with high density to minimize the land use and increase the interaction.With various architectural approach,l...In architecture,interlace structural concept is considered as a new design approach for cosmopolitan cities with high density to minimize the land use and increase the interaction.With various architectural approach,land resources can be minimized by this interlace concept for residential complexes.Such buildings will eliminate the reduction of land resource problem and on the other side safety measures in structural design is incorporated by interlace concept of buildings.This new concept can be constructed steel or reinforced concrete.In this paper,an analytical approach has been presented for these buildings in architecture and structural design.In the research,design considerations were taken for interlaced structures with reinforced concrete and steel.Components of steel structure,isolated footing,and columns.This paper is presenting a step wise process for interlaced structures.They are identification of project area,layout and model preparation,analysis and design of concrete interlaced structure,analysis and design of steel interlaced structure,drafting of the plans and costing and estimation of the structures.Comparison of both reinforced concrete and steel structures were carried out.The main aim of the paper is to provide a comparison between steel and concrete interlaced structure.A cost estimation was carried out to determine optimum design and construction for interlaced structures.展开更多
Liquid polymers(LP)have become an important structural material used in the construction industry in the last decade.This paper investigates the viability of using commercially available LPs as a coating materia...Liquid polymers(LP)have become an important structural material used in the construction industry in the last decade.This paper investigates the viability of using commercially available LPs as a coating material to improve the flexural strength of fiber-modified concrete beams.The scope included preparing rectangular prism concrete beams with a concrete mixture including fly ash and fiber and coating them with four different liquid polymers at a uniform thickness following the curing process while one set of samples was maintained under the same conditions as a control group without coating.In addition,cylindrical samples were prepared to determine the compressive strength of the concrete mixture.Following the curing process in an unconfined open-air laboratory environment for another 28 days,concrete samples were tested to determine the flexural strength and deflection characteristics under center point loading equipment.The results revealed that all four coating types enhanced both the flexural strength and the average maximum deflection of the beams compared to the control group.While the enhancement in the flexural strength changed approximately between 5%and 36%depending on the coating type,the improvements in average maximum deflections varied between 3.7%and 28.4%.展开更多
A hypergraph H is an(n,m)-hypergraph if it contains n vertices and m hyperedges,where n≥1 and m≥0 are two integers.Let k be a positive integer and let L be a set of nonnegative integers.A hyper graph H is k-uniform ...A hypergraph H is an(n,m)-hypergraph if it contains n vertices and m hyperedges,where n≥1 and m≥0 are two integers.Let k be a positive integer and let L be a set of nonnegative integers.A hyper graph H is k-uniform if all its hyperedges have the same size k,and H is L-intersecting if the number of common vertices of every two hyperedges belongs to L.In this paper,we propose and investigate the problem of estimating the maximum k among all k-uniform L-intersecting(n,m)-hypergraphs for fixed n,m and L.We will provide some tight upper and lower bounds on k in terms of n,m and L.展开更多
The Dialogues of Confucius(Kongzi jiayu孔子家语;hereafter Dialogues)is a document dating to the Warring States period,or,rather,many documents collected together,all purported to originate in the ideas of Confucius(Kr...The Dialogues of Confucius(Kongzi jiayu孔子家语;hereafter Dialogues)is a document dating to the Warring States period,or,rather,many documents collected together,all purported to originate in the ideas of Confucius(Kramers 1950;Yang2016).In his preface to the Dialogues,Kong Anguo says that the Dialogues is made up of the leftovers after the“most authentic and sensible”documents were formed into the Analects.But some parts of the Dialogues,he says,“reflect the original thoughts of Confucius.”展开更多
文摘Smart farming has become a strategic approach of sustainable agriculture management and monitoring with the infrastructure to exploit modern technologies,including big data,the cloud,and the Internet of Things(IoT).Many researchers try to integrate IoT-based smart farming on cloud platforms effectively.They define various frameworks on smart farming and monitoring system and still lacks to define effective data management schemes.Since IoT-cloud systems involve massive structured and unstructured data,data optimization comes into the picture.Hence,this research designs an Information-Centric IoT-based Smart Farming with Dynamic Data Optimization(ICISF-DDO),which enhances the performance of the smart farming infrastructure with minimal energy consumption and improved lifetime.Here,a conceptual framework of the proposed scheme and statistical design model has beenwell defined.The information storage and management with DDO has been expanded individually to show the effective use of membership parameters in data optimization.The simulation outcomes state that the proposed ICISF-DDO can surpass existing smart farming systems with a data optimization ratio of 97.71%,reliability ratio of 98.63%,a coverage ratio of 99.67%,least sensor error rate of 8.96%,and efficient energy consumption ratio of 4.84%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41371371)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA05050402)
文摘The cause-effect associations between geographical phenomena are an important focus in ecological research. Recent studies in structural equation modeling(SEM) demonstrated the potential for analyzing such associations. We applied the variance-based partial least squares SEM(PLS-SEM) and geographically-weighted regression(GWR) modeling to assess the human-climate impact on grassland productivity represented by above-ground biomass(AGB). The human and climate factors and their interaction were taken to explain the AGB variance by a PLS-SEM developed for the grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, China. Results indicated that 65.5% of the AGB variance could be explained by the human and climate factors and their interaction. The case study showed that the human and climate factors imposed a significant and negative impact on the AGB and that their interaction alleviated to some extent the threat from the intensified human-climate pressure. The alleviation may be attributable to vegetation adaptation to high human-climate stresses, to human adaptation to climate conditions or/and to recent vegetation restoration programs in the highly degraded areas. Furthermore, the AGB response to the human and climate factors modeled by GWR exhibited significant spatial variations. This study demonstrated that the combination of PLS-SEM and GWR model is feasible to investigate the cause-effect relation in socio-ecological systems.
文摘This study intended to develop a healthy and environmentally friendly super-hydrophobic PET polyester textile fabric using a specific Fluoro Silane finish(SHF).A novel SHF was prepared and applied on a polyester fabric using a pad-dry-cure method.The finished fabric was evaluated for the degree of hydrophobicity,durability and stain repellence.The finished fabric exhibited static water contact angle greater than 170o and received 90 AATCC(4 ISO)rating that is recognized as super-hydrophobicity and this property was maintained even after a 50,000-cycle abrasion test.FTIR analysis identified the characteristic peaks related to Si-O-Si and C-F asymmetric stretching bands of the finish on the fabric indicating a robust attachment on the fabric.Finished fabric did not show any change in appearance or tactile characteristics of the fabric.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(A2014205152)
文摘In this paper we derive a multi-choice TU game from r-replica of exchange economy with continuous, concave and monetary utility functions, and prove that the cores of the games converge to a subset of the set of Edgeworth equilibria of exchange economy as r approaches to infinity. We prove that the dominance core of each balanced multi-choice TU game, where each player has identical activity level r, coincides with the dominance core of its corresponding r-replica of exchange economy. We also give an extension of the concept of the cover of the game proposed by Shapley and Shubik (J Econ Theory 1: 9-25, 1969) to multi-choice TU games and derive some sufficient conditions for the nonemptyness of the core of multi-choice TU game by using the relationship among replica economies, multi-choice TU games and their covers.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61662004,61772437,61702427)National Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(No.2016GXNSFAA380215)+1 种基金Sichuan Youth Science and Technique Foundation(No.2017JQ0048)EU ICT COST CryptoAction(No.IC1306).
文摘The secure issues of APK are very important in Android applications.In order to solve potential secure problems and copyrights issues in redevelopment of APK files,in this paper we propose a new APK redevelopment mechanism(APK-SAN).By exploring sanitizable signature technology,APK-SAN allows the original developer to authorize specified modifier who can redevelop the designated source code of APK files.Our scheme does not require interactions between the developer and modifiers.It can reduce the communication overhead and computational overhead for developers.Especially,the signature of redeveloped APK files is valid and maintains the copyrights.The proposed APK-SAN signature can effectively protect the security of the redeveloped APK files and copyrights of the developer and modifier.
文摘Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been used as a phase change material (PCM) to create a thermo-regulating fabric. PEG-600 (Mw) was encapsulated using an in-situ polymerization technique in an oil-in water emulsion with encapsulating water-immiscible liquid by the reaction of urea with formaldehyde at acidic pH. Both FTIR analysis and DSC studies verified the formation of PEG microcapsules (MC). Melting temperature (Tm) of the microcapsules was found approximately 21°C which was the same as neat PEG. The heat storage capacity of these MCs was determined to be 12.78 J/g by DSC analysis. FTIR analysis of the MCs exhibited the peaks at 3211 cm﹣1, 1650 cm﹣1, and 1400 cm﹣1. These are the characteristic absorption peaks of -NH2, -C=O stretching and -CH bending vibrations, respectively. Fabric coated with PEG microcapsules showed a 20% higher thermal resistance, than the uncoated fabric, when heated on a Sweating Hot Plate (MTNW Corporation).
文摘For individuals with lower extremity injury or disability, upper body exercise provides a mechanism of functional mobility training, car-diovascular fitness, as well as a means for clinical fitness assessment. However, the validity of fitness assessment relies on the efficacy of di-agnostic tools and measures in order to provide meaningful data to clinicians. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if the SciFitTMPro II Arm Ergometer, a widely available upper body ergometer (UBE), is a reliable device for the determination of VO2Peak in fit able-bodied swimmers. Eight trained male swimmers (28 ± 9 yrs) performed two incremental protocols VO2Peak consisting of a 4-min warm-up at 15 W followed by 2 min at 50 W and progressing 10 W every 2 min until volitional exhaustion. There was a linear relationship between workload and VO2 in all trials (R = 0.96;p ≤ 0.01) while Cronbach’s alpha for test-retest reliability for VO2 was 0.98. In conclusion, the UBE is an accurate and reliable device for determination of VO2Peak in trained swimmers, and further may be a viable alternative trainingVO2Peak injured athlete.
文摘The United States has an enormous supply of parking and with the appropriation of Autonomous vehicles,the interest for these spaces could change drastically.Parking is among the most pervasive land utilizes involving up to 31%of urban territory.With completely automated vehicles expected on the customer advertise by 2020,the$30 billion leaving industry will encounter gigantic changes as autos develop.The purpose of this paper is to analyse how the parking and garage spaces can be utilized after the implementation of automated vehicles in every household.Analysis has been conducted about different households in Ypsilanti Township using Zillow application which includes the address,area of the house,parking area and year in which it is built.Results are based on the analysis conducted on the houses and the impact of the autonomous vehicles on their parking space.
文摘Drones are proving out as a valuable tool and growing quickly in the world of technological advances.The applications of these vehicles are spreading widely in the areas of remote sensing,real time monitoring,goods delivery,security,defense,surveillance,infrastructure inspection.Although,the intent behind creating this tool was remote sensing.Smart drones will be the next big innovation and modification,which would have much wider applications especially in the field of infrastructure where it can reduce risks and lower costs.Current direct evaluation techniques are tedious,and the information caught is frequently not led in a precise manner with the areas tested not being geographically correct and the resulting reports being delivered past the point of no return.These were the reasons,which have increased the demand and usage of unmanned vehicles.In this research paper,we present critical review of main advancements of Drones in the area of transportation and agriculture.We present all the research related to civil applications in those areas and challenges including traffic monitoring,Bridge condition assessment,Roadway asset detection and many other applications related to infrastructure inspection enhancement.The paper also contributes with a discussion on the opportunities,which are opened,and the challenges that need to be addressed.Findings from the case studies,it is reported that around 25%of the bridges in united states are deficient and need continuous monitoring for enhancements to prevent any hazard.Unmanned vehicles could be a great help in monitoring these bridges and other important components of transportation,which can efficiently minimize the cost as well as the time spent on inspection for each of this component,as manual inspection requires labor and time which would be subsequently reduced by incorporating the usage of drones in the area of transportation.
基金supported by an internal research grant from the School of Sport,Leeds Beckett University
文摘Purpose'. To identify co-produced multi-stakeholder perspectives important for successful widespread physically active learning (PAL) adoptionand implementation.Methods: A total of 35 stakeholders (policymakers ≪ = 9;commercial education sector, ≪ = 8;teachers, w = 3;researchers, w = 15) attended adesign thinking PAL workshop. Participants formed 5 multi-disciplinary groups with at least 1 representative from each stakeholder group. Eachgroup, facilitated by a researcher, undertook 2 tasks: (1) using Post-it Notes, the following question was answered: within the school day, whatare the opportunities for learning combined with movement? and (2) structured as a washing-line task, the following question was answered:how can we establish PAL as the norm? All discussions were audio-recorded and transcribed. Inductive analyses were conducted by 4 authors.After the analyses were complete, the main themes and subthemes were assigned to 4 predetermined categories: (1) PAL design and implementation,(2) priorities for practice, (3) priorities for policy, and (4) priorities for research.Results'. The following were the main themes for PAL implementation: opportunities for PAL within the school day, delivery environments,learning approaches, and the intensity of PAL. The main themes for the priorities for practice included teacher confidence and competence,resources to support delivery, and community of practice. The main themes for the policy for priorities included self-governance, the Office forStandards in Education, Children's Services, and Skill, policy investment in initial teacher training, and curriculum reform. The main themes forthe research priorities included establishing a strong evidence base, school-based PAL implementation, and a whole-systems approach.Conclusion-. The present study is the first to identify PAL implementation factors using a combined multi-stakeholder perspective. To achievewider PAL adoption and implementation, future interventions should be evidence based and address implementation factors at the classroomlevel (e.g., approaches and delivery environments), school level (e.g., comm unties of practice), and policy level (e.g., initial teacher training).
文摘In architecture,interlace structural concept is considered as a new design approach for cosmopolitan cities with high density to minimize the land use and increase the interaction.With various architectural approach,land resources can be minimized by this interlace concept for residential complexes.Such buildings will eliminate the reduction of land resource problem and on the other side safety measures in structural design is incorporated by interlace concept of buildings.This new concept can be constructed steel or reinforced concrete.In this paper,an analytical approach has been presented for these buildings in architecture and structural design.In the research,design considerations were taken for interlaced structures with reinforced concrete and steel.Components of steel structure,isolated footing,and columns.This paper is presenting a step wise process for interlaced structures.They are identification of project area,layout and model preparation,analysis and design of concrete interlaced structure,analysis and design of steel interlaced structure,drafting of the plans and costing and estimation of the structures.Comparison of both reinforced concrete and steel structures were carried out.The main aim of the paper is to provide a comparison between steel and concrete interlaced structure.A cost estimation was carried out to determine optimum design and construction for interlaced structures.
文摘Liquid polymers(LP)have become an important structural material used in the construction industry in the last decade.This paper investigates the viability of using commercially available LPs as a coating material to improve the flexural strength of fiber-modified concrete beams.The scope included preparing rectangular prism concrete beams with a concrete mixture including fly ash and fiber and coating them with four different liquid polymers at a uniform thickness following the curing process while one set of samples was maintained under the same conditions as a control group without coating.In addition,cylindrical samples were prepared to determine the compressive strength of the concrete mixture.Following the curing process in an unconfined open-air laboratory environment for another 28 days,concrete samples were tested to determine the flexural strength and deflection characteristics under center point loading equipment.The results revealed that all four coating types enhanced both the flexural strength and the average maximum deflection of the beams compared to the control group.While the enhancement in the flexural strength changed approximately between 5%and 36%depending on the coating type,the improvements in average maximum deflections varied between 3.7%and 28.4%.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12242111,12131013,12171393,12071370,71973103,U1803263,11601430)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant Nos.2021JM-040,2020JQ-099)+2 种基金Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Mathematics and Physics(Grant No.22JSZ009)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant Nos.2023A1515030208,2022A1515010899)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘A hypergraph H is an(n,m)-hypergraph if it contains n vertices and m hyperedges,where n≥1 and m≥0 are two integers.Let k be a positive integer and let L be a set of nonnegative integers.A hyper graph H is k-uniform if all its hyperedges have the same size k,and H is L-intersecting if the number of common vertices of every two hyperedges belongs to L.In this paper,we propose and investigate the problem of estimating the maximum k among all k-uniform L-intersecting(n,m)-hypergraphs for fixed n,m and L.We will provide some tight upper and lower bounds on k in terms of n,m and L.
文摘The Dialogues of Confucius(Kongzi jiayu孔子家语;hereafter Dialogues)is a document dating to the Warring States period,or,rather,many documents collected together,all purported to originate in the ideas of Confucius(Kramers 1950;Yang2016).In his preface to the Dialogues,Kong Anguo says that the Dialogues is made up of the leftovers after the“most authentic and sensible”documents were formed into the Analects.But some parts of the Dialogues,he says,“reflect the original thoughts of Confucius.”