To the Editor:Accessory gallbladders(AG)are rare and their management are usually challenging.These variations are related with an abnormal division of the bile ducts precursors between the 5th and the 12th week of pr...To the Editor:Accessory gallbladders(AG)are rare and their management are usually challenging.These variations are related with an abnormal division of the bile ducts precursors between the 5th and the 12th week of pregnancy.Harlaftis et al.[1]proposed an anatomical classification of these variations based on the embryologic abnormalities described.In type 1 both gallbladders are connected to the common bile duct at the same location.In type 2 the AG can reach either the common bile duct(ductular type)or an intrahepatic biliary duct(trabecular type).In type 3,three gallbladders are present.展开更多
To the Editor:Hepatocellular adenomas(HCAs)consist of benign liver tumors favored by the use of oral contraceptives,which preferentially occur in women.[1,2]They expose to the risk of hemorrhage(20%of cases)and more r...To the Editor:Hepatocellular adenomas(HCAs)consist of benign liver tumors favored by the use of oral contraceptives,which preferentially occur in women.[1,2]They expose to the risk of hemorrhage(20%of cases)and more rarely,to the risk of malignant transformation(4%-10%of cases).[3,4]Multiple HCAs,which are defined by the presence of 10 or more展开更多
文摘To the Editor:Accessory gallbladders(AG)are rare and their management are usually challenging.These variations are related with an abnormal division of the bile ducts precursors between the 5th and the 12th week of pregnancy.Harlaftis et al.[1]proposed an anatomical classification of these variations based on the embryologic abnormalities described.In type 1 both gallbladders are connected to the common bile duct at the same location.In type 2 the AG can reach either the common bile duct(ductular type)or an intrahepatic biliary duct(trabecular type).In type 3,three gallbladders are present.
文摘To the Editor:Hepatocellular adenomas(HCAs)consist of benign liver tumors favored by the use of oral contraceptives,which preferentially occur in women.[1,2]They expose to the risk of hemorrhage(20%of cases)and more rarely,to the risk of malignant transformation(4%-10%of cases).[3,4]Multiple HCAs,which are defined by the presence of 10 or more
