The commensal microbiome has been shown to exhibit intimate associations with human health and diseases.Harboring abundant microbes,the gut is involved in regulating the physical and pathological status of liver,inclu...The commensal microbiome has been shown to exhibit intimate associations with human health and diseases.Harboring abundant microbes,the gut is involved in regulating the physical and pathological status of liver,including hepatic function,inflammation,immunity,metabolism,regeneration,etc.(1,2).Although it has been proposed in the gut-liver axis theory that the gut microbes and their metabolites could be disseminated into liver through the portal vein system,particularly in the conditions of gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal barrier dysfunction(3),the liver microbiome has only been confirmed and characterized in recent years.In this article,we reviewed the latest research advancements pertaining to the liver microbiome,discussed its potential clinical implications,and further explored the promising avenues for future research in this field(Figure 1).展开更多
In this study, the distribution of five Alzheimer's disease(AD)-related single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the Han population was examined in combination with the evaluation of clinical cognition and brain p...In this study, the distribution of five Alzheimer's disease(AD)-related single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the Han population was examined in combination with the evaluation of clinical cognition and brain pathological analysis. The associations among SNPs,clinical daily cognitive states, and postmortem neuropathological changes were analyzed in 110 human brains from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College(CAMS/PUMC) Human Brain Bank.APOE ?4(OR = 4.482, P = 0.004), the RS2305421 GG genotype(adjusted OR = 4.397, P = 0.015), and the RS10498633 GT genotype(adjusted OR = 2.375,P = 0.028) were associated with a higher score on the ABC(Ab plaque score, Braak NFT stage, and CERAD neuritic plaque score) dementia scale. These results advance our understanding of the pathogenesis of AD,the relationship between pathological diagnosis and clinical diagnosis, and the SNPs in the Han population for future research.展开更多
Dear Editor Research on neurodegenerative diseases is a hot topic worldwide[1],and MRI,genetics and epigenetics,and animal models have been commonly used.Considering species differences,research on human brain samples...Dear Editor Research on neurodegenerative diseases is a hot topic worldwide[1],and MRI,genetics and epigenetics,and animal models have been commonly used.Considering species differences,research on human brain samples is irreplaceable(2)Many countries and regions have built brain banks to collect and store brain tissue from donors.Samples provided by a brain bank can be used to study synaptic structure,protein,DNA,RNA[3,4],and lipids to illuminate the pathological mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases.When brain tissue is used for gene expression research,the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)is an accurate method,which simultaneously amplifies and quantifies the expression of target genes by measuring the intensity of fluorescence in each PCR cycle.展开更多
Dear Editor:Rosacea is a disease characterized by erythema,flushing,telangiectasia,papules,pustules,and possible ocular or phymatous changes.1 The difficulties in defining rosacea and explaining its pathogenesis have ...Dear Editor:Rosacea is a disease characterized by erythema,flushing,telangiectasia,papules,pustules,and possible ocular or phymatous changes.1 The difficulties in defining rosacea and explaining its pathogenesis have received much attention from dermatologists.The level of interest in rosacea among the general public is unknown.Hancox et al.2 reported no significant seasonal variations in rosacea;however,a recent study showed that rosacea was more common in hotter periods.3 Annual and seasonal trends in Internet searches have been evaluated for skin cancer,4 tanning,5 and psoriasis.6 This study was performed to evaluate the annual and seasonal trends in Internet searches of rosacea based on Google Trends and the Baidu Index,and to assess the general interest in rosacea in the United States and China.展开更多
基金Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(No.2021-I2M-1-058).
文摘The commensal microbiome has been shown to exhibit intimate associations with human health and diseases.Harboring abundant microbes,the gut is involved in regulating the physical and pathological status of liver,including hepatic function,inflammation,immunity,metabolism,regeneration,etc.(1,2).Although it has been proposed in the gut-liver axis theory that the gut microbes and their metabolites could be disseminated into liver through the portal vein system,particularly in the conditions of gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal barrier dysfunction(3),the liver microbiome has only been confirmed and characterized in recent years.In this article,we reviewed the latest research advancements pertaining to the liver microbiome,discussed its potential clinical implications,and further explored the promising avenues for future research in this field(Figure 1).
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81271239,81771205,and 91632113)the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)Dean’s Fund(2011RC01)+1 种基金the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2016-I2M-1004)the Natural Science Foundation and Major Basic Research Program of Shanghai Municipality,China(16JC1420500 and 16JC1420502)
文摘In this study, the distribution of five Alzheimer's disease(AD)-related single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the Han population was examined in combination with the evaluation of clinical cognition and brain pathological analysis. The associations among SNPs,clinical daily cognitive states, and postmortem neuropathological changes were analyzed in 110 human brains from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College(CAMS/PUMC) Human Brain Bank.APOE ?4(OR = 4.482, P = 0.004), the RS2305421 GG genotype(adjusted OR = 4.397, P = 0.015), and the RS10498633 GT genotype(adjusted OR = 2.375,P = 0.028) were associated with a higher score on the ABC(Ab plaque score, Braak NFT stage, and CERAD neuritic plaque score) dementia scale. These results advance our understanding of the pathogenesis of AD,the relationship between pathological diagnosis and clinical diagnosis, and the SNPs in the Han population for future research.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81271239, 81771205, and 91632113)the Natural Science Foundation and Major Basic Research Program of Shanghai Municipality, China (16JC1420500 and 16JC1420502)+1 种基金the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2017-I2M-3-008)sponsored by the China Human Brain Bank Consortium
文摘Dear Editor Research on neurodegenerative diseases is a hot topic worldwide[1],and MRI,genetics and epigenetics,and animal models have been commonly used.Considering species differences,research on human brain samples is irreplaceable(2)Many countries and regions have built brain banks to collect and store brain tissue from donors.Samples provided by a brain bank can be used to study synaptic structure,protein,DNA,RNA[3,4],and lipids to illuminate the pathological mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases.When brain tissue is used for gene expression research,the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)is an accurate method,which simultaneously amplifies and quantifies the expression of target genes by measuring the intensity of fluorescence in each PCR cycle.
文摘Dear Editor:Rosacea is a disease characterized by erythema,flushing,telangiectasia,papules,pustules,and possible ocular or phymatous changes.1 The difficulties in defining rosacea and explaining its pathogenesis have received much attention from dermatologists.The level of interest in rosacea among the general public is unknown.Hancox et al.2 reported no significant seasonal variations in rosacea;however,a recent study showed that rosacea was more common in hotter periods.3 Annual and seasonal trends in Internet searches have been evaluated for skin cancer,4 tanning,5 and psoriasis.6 This study was performed to evaluate the annual and seasonal trends in Internet searches of rosacea based on Google Trends and the Baidu Index,and to assess the general interest in rosacea in the United States and China.
