High temperature SMES for improving power system stabilities

Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system has been proven very effective to improve power system stabilities. It is realized with superconductivity technology, power electronics and control theory. In order to promote the applica-tion of such kind control device and to further investigate the properties of the controller, a detail mathematic model of such control device is developed. Based on the developed model, extensive analysis including time domain simulation is carried out to investigate the characteristic of the SMES to compensate the unba- lanced dynamic active and reactive power of AC power system. The capability of SMES to increase power system transient and small signal perturbation stabilities are analyzed. A prototype SMES is developed, in which the conduction cooling and the high temperature superconductive techniques are used. The performance of the prototype is experimentally investigated in a laboratory environment. Very en-couraging results are obtained. After a brief introduction of the SMES control sys-tem and the principle of its capability to improve power system stabilities, the de-tails of the mathematic model, the theoretical analysis, the developed device and the experiment test results are all given in this paper.

Model Predictive Direct Power Control of Grid-connected Converters Considering Unbalanced Filter Inductance and Grid Conditions

The grid-connected converter(GCC) is widely used as the interface between various distributed generations and the utility grid. To achieve precise power control for GCC, this paper presents a model predictive direct power control(MPDPC)with consideration of the unbalanced filter inductance and grid conditions. First, the characteristics of GCC with unbalanced filter inductance are analyzed and a modified voltage control function is derived. On this basis, to compensate for the power oscillation caused by unbalanced filter inductance, a novel power compensation method is proposed for MPDPC to eliminate the DC-side current ripple while maintaining sinusoidal grid current. Besides, to improve the control robustness against mismatched filter inductance, a filter inductance identification scheme is proposed. Through this scheme, the estimated value of filter inductance is updated in each control period and applied in the proposed MPDPC. Finally, simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC confirm the validity of the proposed MPDPC and the filter inductance identification scheme.

Three-stage method for intentional controlled islanding of power systems

Controlled islanding of power system is an emer-gency control to stop the propagation of disturbances and to avoid blackouts. This paper presents a three-stage method for intentional controlled islanding of power systems. It enables to search out reasonable islanding cutsets, which have the minimum load-generation imbalance or the minimal power flow disruption, without low-voltage problems. In the first stage, a self-adaptive graph simplification algorithm is proposed to obtain a two-terminal graph as a suitable islanding cutset search area from the original power network graph model. In the second stage, an islanding cutset search algorithm is designed to find all of islanding cutsets, including the minimum load-generation imbalance cutset, in the two-terminal graph. In the third stage, an islanding scheme checking algorithm is developed to examine the outputs of stage two. It uses the depth first search algorithm to determine reasonable islanding cutsets without low-voltage problems. The IEEE30-bus system and the IEEE 118-bus system are utilized to demonstrate the proposed method. The simulation results show its validity and accuracy in large-scale power systems.

Accurate Distinction of Weak and Strong AC Grids for Emerging Hierarchical-Infeed LCC-UHVDC Systems

Distinction of weak and strong AC grids for emerging hierarchical-infeed LCC-UHVDC systems is important for planning and operation departments. However, accuracy of earlier distinction methods is limited as they were developed by empirical reasoning without rigorous theoretical analysis. Hence in this letter, hierarchical-infeed interactive effective short-circuit ratio (HIESCR) index is first used for strength evaluation of HIDC systems with complex inter-inverter interactions considered. Boundary HIESCR (BHIESCR) is also introduced in the proposed distinction method of weak and strong AC grids. That is, weak (or strong) AC grids are, respectively, identified when HIESCR is less (or greater) than BHIESCR. Second, it is shown BHIESCR remains almost unchanged as 3.0 versus various system parameters and rated operation variables based on rigorous theoretical analysis. This salient feature makes the proposed method more accurate than earlier methods. Finally, the proposed method is validated by simulations based on the PSCAD/EMTDC program.