Soymilk is one of the most available beverages, an alternative to dairy milk and is recognized for its nutritional value. The nutritional quality, the presence of anti-nutritional factors, isoflavones and sensory acce...Soymilk is one of the most available beverages, an alternative to dairy milk and is recognized for its nutritional value. The nutritional quality, the presence of anti-nutritional factors, isoflavones and sensory acceptability of soymilk depended on the soybean variety as well as the processing conditions. The soymilks from conventional and specialty Brazilian soybean cultivars were compared regarding the composition and consumer acceptance. There were significant differences on the protein, oil, sugars, isoflavones, presence of anti-nutritional factors (phytate and trypsin inhibitor activity) and NSI (nitrogen solubility index) among cultivars and soymilks and for sensory acceptance of soymilks. The preference mapping and cluster analysis identified three different segments of consumers. The soymilk from the conventional cultivar BRS284 achieved higher and similar acceptance score for the three consumer’s segments while the lipoxygenase free cultivars (BRS213 and BRS257) and specialty cultivar BRS216 showed higher score for two segments of consumers. The sensory evaluation of soymilk from different soybean cultivars could improve consumer uptake.展开更多
The objectives of the present study were to recover and identify volatiles organic compounds (VOCs) in the wastewater (WW) coming from a soluble coffee industrial plant. For VOCs recover, the WW was concentrated by pe...The objectives of the present study were to recover and identify volatiles organic compounds (VOCs) in the wastewater (WW) coming from a soluble coffee industrial plant. For VOCs recover, the WW was concentrated by pervaporation using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane. Furthermore, the solid phase micro extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used for VOCs identification. The multivariate method of principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to evaluate differences amongst the feed and concentrate streams. Regarding the number of VOCs identified in the wastewater (33) and permeate (72), a significant statistical difference at p Clusters discriminating were clearly observed, as the feed and permeate streams are compared. Thus, we can conclude that pervaporation process using a PDMS membrane was effective to recover different class of VOCs present in the aqueous effluent and can be recommended for industrial wastewater treatment.展开更多
Pachyrhizus tuberosus is a native plant of short life cycle found in South America riverside, which provides easy starch extraction from its tuberous roots. The aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical, ...Pachyrhizus tuberosus is a native plant of short life cycle found in South America riverside, which provides easy starch extraction from its tuberous roots. The aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical, rheological and functionality of the starch granules extracted from the roots of five phenotypes identified as V2, V3, V4, V6 and V7. Protein and ash content of all phenotypes were considerable high when compared to other root sources such as cassava varying from 4.35% to 7.43% and 1.58% to 2.49%, respectively, whereas lipid content was lower, between 0.29 and 0.49%. The starch granules were mostly circular and polygonal with varied sizes. The starch granules structural conformation showed cristallinity A type, normally for cereals. The maximum pasting viscosity at 95℃ ranged from 1644 cP (V7) to 2232 cP (V2). The initial temperature of pasting formation occurred at 69.4℃ for V2, 71.5℃ for V3, 87.9℃ for V4, 69.5℃ for V6 and 71.5℃ for V7. These values showed high variability within the phenotypes and generally high for roots and tubers starches. The maximum viscosity at 95℃ for V2, V3, V4, V6 and V7 were 2232, 2150, 1995, 2214 and 1644 cP, respectively. The viscosity curves showed low tendency to retrogradation. The thermal properties showed that the enthalpy of gelatinization varied from 8.91 J/g (V3) to 11.78 J/g (V2). The initial gelatinization temperature varied from 63.19℃ (V6) to 65.14℃ (V4). The swelling power at 90℃ ranged from 14.7% to 20.1% p/p and solubility from 10.3% (V2) to 27.2% (V7). It is concluded that Pachyrhizus tuberosus starch showed low retrogradation (1320 - 1560 cP) comparable to non-common native waxy starches, a feature which indicates the capability of using this natural and easy extraction starch source as gelling agent in certain manufactured food of undesirable retrogradation.展开更多
Brazil is the center of diversity and dispersion of species of the genus Passiflora.Two species of passion fruit Passiflora tenuifila BRS VT(passiflora garlic)and another of Passiflora setacea BRS PC were used in this...Brazil is the center of diversity and dispersion of species of the genus Passiflora.Two species of passion fruit Passiflora tenuifila BRS VT(passiflora garlic)and another of Passiflora setacea BRS PC were used in this study.The plants were grown on the Embrapa Cerrados experimental farm.The fruits were washed,minimally cut and their constituents separated.Both species differed in the proportion of wet mass between husk,seed,and pulp.As expected,both species had a higher proportion of husks and seeds and a lower amount of pulp.A semi-purification procedure for the proteins present in the seeds and husks was described and the molecular aspects were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).The quantification of soluble proteins was performed using the Bradford method.The analysis of the soluble protein extracted from the seeds and husks showed that these values are up to 70 times higher for the seeds of P.tenuifila and 28.5 times for P.setacea,in the husks.It was verified that both species present a similar protein profile,observed by the intense and diverse bands found in the polyacrylamide gel,mainly in the range of 32 to 19 kDa.This work opens up an unexplored field of tracking bioactive proteins and/or peptides including forms of nanostructure systems that protect other bioactive molecules.The objective of this work was to present an analytical procedure to semi-purify seed proteins of two Passiflora species and use electrophoresis as an analysis tool for further screening of their protein profiles and selection of a molecular marker to differentiate them.展开更多
X-ray diffractograms, optic and electronic microscopy were used to study the structural changes on extruded orange pulp using a Brabender<span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span> laborat...X-ray diffractograms, optic and electronic microscopy were used to study the structural changes on extruded orange pulp using a Brabender<span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span> laboratory single-screw extruder (GNF 1014/2, 20:1, L/D). The results showed that most of the cellulose would be in the amorphous state, with small crystalline areas in the angular region of 2<em>θ</em> = 14.5<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>. The evaluated extrusion conditions did not affect the crystallinity of the raw cellulose, maintaining the size of the crystalline regions in the angular region of 2<em>θ</em> = 22.5<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>. Neutral detergent solubilized the crystalline areas of potassium citrate and cellulose, formed during the extrusion process. However, these conditions did not affect the crystallinity of the raw cellulose. In addition, no change was observed in the crystallinity of pectin. The electron microphotographs allowed for the estimation of the heterogeneity of orange pulp and assessment of the difference of resistance between the walls of the buds and juice vesicles. Thus, it was demonstrated that during the extrusion process most of the porosity and the cellular structure of the endocarp remained unaltered.展开更多
文摘Soymilk is one of the most available beverages, an alternative to dairy milk and is recognized for its nutritional value. The nutritional quality, the presence of anti-nutritional factors, isoflavones and sensory acceptability of soymilk depended on the soybean variety as well as the processing conditions. The soymilks from conventional and specialty Brazilian soybean cultivars were compared regarding the composition and consumer acceptance. There were significant differences on the protein, oil, sugars, isoflavones, presence of anti-nutritional factors (phytate and trypsin inhibitor activity) and NSI (nitrogen solubility index) among cultivars and soymilks and for sensory acceptance of soymilks. The preference mapping and cluster analysis identified three different segments of consumers. The soymilk from the conventional cultivar BRS284 achieved higher and similar acceptance score for the three consumer’s segments while the lipoxygenase free cultivars (BRS213 and BRS257) and specialty cultivar BRS216 showed higher score for two segments of consumers. The sensory evaluation of soymilk from different soybean cultivars could improve consumer uptake.
文摘The objectives of the present study were to recover and identify volatiles organic compounds (VOCs) in the wastewater (WW) coming from a soluble coffee industrial plant. For VOCs recover, the WW was concentrated by pervaporation using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane. Furthermore, the solid phase micro extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used for VOCs identification. The multivariate method of principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to evaluate differences amongst the feed and concentrate streams. Regarding the number of VOCs identified in the wastewater (33) and permeate (72), a significant statistical difference at p Clusters discriminating were clearly observed, as the feed and permeate streams are compared. Thus, we can conclude that pervaporation process using a PDMS membrane was effective to recover different class of VOCs present in the aqueous effluent and can be recommended for industrial wastewater treatment.
文摘Pachyrhizus tuberosus is a native plant of short life cycle found in South America riverside, which provides easy starch extraction from its tuberous roots. The aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical, rheological and functionality of the starch granules extracted from the roots of five phenotypes identified as V2, V3, V4, V6 and V7. Protein and ash content of all phenotypes were considerable high when compared to other root sources such as cassava varying from 4.35% to 7.43% and 1.58% to 2.49%, respectively, whereas lipid content was lower, between 0.29 and 0.49%. The starch granules were mostly circular and polygonal with varied sizes. The starch granules structural conformation showed cristallinity A type, normally for cereals. The maximum pasting viscosity at 95℃ ranged from 1644 cP (V7) to 2232 cP (V2). The initial temperature of pasting formation occurred at 69.4℃ for V2, 71.5℃ for V3, 87.9℃ for V4, 69.5℃ for V6 and 71.5℃ for V7. These values showed high variability within the phenotypes and generally high for roots and tubers starches. The maximum viscosity at 95℃ for V2, V3, V4, V6 and V7 were 2232, 2150, 1995, 2214 and 1644 cP, respectively. The viscosity curves showed low tendency to retrogradation. The thermal properties showed that the enthalpy of gelatinization varied from 8.91 J/g (V3) to 11.78 J/g (V2). The initial gelatinization temperature varied from 63.19℃ (V6) to 65.14℃ (V4). The swelling power at 90℃ ranged from 14.7% to 20.1% p/p and solubility from 10.3% (V2) to 27.2% (V7). It is concluded that Pachyrhizus tuberosus starch showed low retrogradation (1320 - 1560 cP) comparable to non-common native waxy starches, a feature which indicates the capability of using this natural and easy extraction starch source as gelling agent in certain manufactured food of undesirable retrogradation.
文摘Brazil is the center of diversity and dispersion of species of the genus Passiflora.Two species of passion fruit Passiflora tenuifila BRS VT(passiflora garlic)and another of Passiflora setacea BRS PC were used in this study.The plants were grown on the Embrapa Cerrados experimental farm.The fruits were washed,minimally cut and their constituents separated.Both species differed in the proportion of wet mass between husk,seed,and pulp.As expected,both species had a higher proportion of husks and seeds and a lower amount of pulp.A semi-purification procedure for the proteins present in the seeds and husks was described and the molecular aspects were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).The quantification of soluble proteins was performed using the Bradford method.The analysis of the soluble protein extracted from the seeds and husks showed that these values are up to 70 times higher for the seeds of P.tenuifila and 28.5 times for P.setacea,in the husks.It was verified that both species present a similar protein profile,observed by the intense and diverse bands found in the polyacrylamide gel,mainly in the range of 32 to 19 kDa.This work opens up an unexplored field of tracking bioactive proteins and/or peptides including forms of nanostructure systems that protect other bioactive molecules.The objective of this work was to present an analytical procedure to semi-purify seed proteins of two Passiflora species and use electrophoresis as an analysis tool for further screening of their protein profiles and selection of a molecular marker to differentiate them.
文摘X-ray diffractograms, optic and electronic microscopy were used to study the structural changes on extruded orange pulp using a Brabender<span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span> laboratory single-screw extruder (GNF 1014/2, 20:1, L/D). The results showed that most of the cellulose would be in the amorphous state, with small crystalline areas in the angular region of 2<em>θ</em> = 14.5<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>. The evaluated extrusion conditions did not affect the crystallinity of the raw cellulose, maintaining the size of the crystalline regions in the angular region of 2<em>θ</em> = 22.5<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>. Neutral detergent solubilized the crystalline areas of potassium citrate and cellulose, formed during the extrusion process. However, these conditions did not affect the crystallinity of the raw cellulose. In addition, no change was observed in the crystallinity of pectin. The electron microphotographs allowed for the estimation of the heterogeneity of orange pulp and assessment of the difference of resistance between the walls of the buds and juice vesicles. Thus, it was demonstrated that during the extrusion process most of the porosity and the cellular structure of the endocarp remained unaltered.