Various mouse models to study dengue have been described by different authors, some of them using immunodeficient or some using humanized mice. Our group reported previously a deadly murine model, which used the intra...Various mouse models to study dengue have been described by different authors, some of them using immunodeficient or some using humanized mice. Our group reported previously a deadly murine model, which used the intracranial inoculum of highly virulent Dengue virus (DENV) in immune competent mouse. Here we present a model of immune competent mouse (C57BL/6), infected subcutaneously by the same highly virulent DENV (DENV3 genotype I). In this immunocompetent systemic mice model, the cytokine levels and hematological parameters such as total and differential leukocyte and platelets counts, together with weight loss, were considered important monitoring parameters, allowing a better understanding of the systemic human disease. Mice were inoculated subcutaneously and evaluated by the percentage weight variation as well as the clinical signs. Hematological parameters and cytokines levels were measured and viral titration in brain tissue or serum neutralization was performed to confirm mice infection. The subcutaneously DENV inoculated mice showed weight loss after infection, but they did not show any other clinical signs. The leukocytes and platelets decreased after subcutaneous inoculation. The cytokines TNF alpha and IFN gamma increased after infection in mice. The subcutaneous model provided scope for improved understanding of the dengue pathogenesis, as well as possible mechanism for protection to subsequent mouse infected by intracranial route in mice. This model could be used to study the vertebrate immune response and evaluation of drugs or vaccine against dengue virus.展开更多
Transgene insert location in the genome through different methods is random. Thus, alterations in the expression of desired trait may occur, as well as alterations in the expression of other characteristics of recepto...Transgene insert location in the genome through different methods is random. Thus, alterations in the expression of desired trait may occur, as well as alterations in the expression of other characteristics of receptor plant. The purpose of this study was to compare Bt transgenic maize hybrids and the respective conventional isogenic hybrid in relation to adaptability and phenotypic stability. Field trails were set up in four locations of Minas Gerais, Brazil (Campo do Meio, Lavras, Madre de Deus and Paragua?u). A randomized complete block design was used, with three replications, and the treatment structure was a factorial 6 × 2, with six hybrids in the transgenic and conventional versions. Plant and ear height and grain yield were evaluated. To estimate stability, the Anicchiarico, Wricke and AMMI methodologies were used. Grain yield and ear height of the transgenic hybrids and their respective conventional isogenic hybrid did not differ. There are differences in the phenotypic stability between transgenic hybrids with Bt technology and their counterpart conventional isogenic hybrid.展开更多
文摘Various mouse models to study dengue have been described by different authors, some of them using immunodeficient or some using humanized mice. Our group reported previously a deadly murine model, which used the intracranial inoculum of highly virulent Dengue virus (DENV) in immune competent mouse. Here we present a model of immune competent mouse (C57BL/6), infected subcutaneously by the same highly virulent DENV (DENV3 genotype I). In this immunocompetent systemic mice model, the cytokine levels and hematological parameters such as total and differential leukocyte and platelets counts, together with weight loss, were considered important monitoring parameters, allowing a better understanding of the systemic human disease. Mice were inoculated subcutaneously and evaluated by the percentage weight variation as well as the clinical signs. Hematological parameters and cytokines levels were measured and viral titration in brain tissue or serum neutralization was performed to confirm mice infection. The subcutaneously DENV inoculated mice showed weight loss after infection, but they did not show any other clinical signs. The leukocytes and platelets decreased after subcutaneous inoculation. The cytokines TNF alpha and IFN gamma increased after infection in mice. The subcutaneous model provided scope for improved understanding of the dengue pathogenesis, as well as possible mechanism for protection to subsequent mouse infected by intracranial route in mice. This model could be used to study the vertebrate immune response and evaluation of drugs or vaccine against dengue virus.
基金To Fundacao de Amparoà Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais,Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico e Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior,for supporting this research.
文摘Transgene insert location in the genome through different methods is random. Thus, alterations in the expression of desired trait may occur, as well as alterations in the expression of other characteristics of receptor plant. The purpose of this study was to compare Bt transgenic maize hybrids and the respective conventional isogenic hybrid in relation to adaptability and phenotypic stability. Field trails were set up in four locations of Minas Gerais, Brazil (Campo do Meio, Lavras, Madre de Deus and Paragua?u). A randomized complete block design was used, with three replications, and the treatment structure was a factorial 6 × 2, with six hybrids in the transgenic and conventional versions. Plant and ear height and grain yield were evaluated. To estimate stability, the Anicchiarico, Wricke and AMMI methodologies were used. Grain yield and ear height of the transgenic hybrids and their respective conventional isogenic hybrid did not differ. There are differences in the phenotypic stability between transgenic hybrids with Bt technology and their counterpart conventional isogenic hybrid.
