A new phenol-degrading bacterium with high biodegradation activity and high tolerance of phenol, strain PD 12, was isolated from the activated sludge of Tianjin Jizhuangzi Wastewater Treatment Facility in China. This ...A new phenol-degrading bacterium with high biodegradation activity and high tolerance of phenol, strain PD 12, was isolated from the activated sludge of Tianjin Jizhuangzi Wastewater Treatment Facility in China. This strain was capable of removing 500 mg phenol/L in liquid minimal medium by 99.6% within 9 h and metabolizing phenol at concentrations up to 1100 mg/L. DNA sequencing and homologous analysis of 16S rRNA gene identified PD12 to be an Acinetobacter sp. Polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） was used as a gel matrix to immobilize Acinetobacter sp. strain PDI2 by repeated freezing and thawing. The factors affecting phenol degradation of immobilized cells were investigated, and the results showed that the immobilized cells could tolerate a high phenol level and protected the bacteria against changes in temperature and pH. Storage stability and reusability tests revealed that the phenol degradation functions of immobilized cells were stable after reuse for 50 times or storing at 4℃ for 50 d. These results indicate that immobilized Acinetobacter sp. strain PD 12 possesses a good application potential in the treatment of phenol-containing wastewater.展开更多
The biology safety of genetically modified organisms （GMO） has been a topic of considerable public debate in recent years. Parts of the international research on the safety of GMO focus on its effect on soil ecosyst...The biology safety of genetically modified organisms （GMO） has been a topic of considerable public debate in recent years. Parts of the international research on the safety of GMO focus on its effect on soil ecosystem, especially on microbial communities changing and process in soil that are essential to key terrestrial ecosystem functions. This paper studied the dynamic change of soil microbe after cultivating Roundup Ready soybean （RRS） and the effect on biochemical processing of nitrogen cycle. According to the variance analysis, the ammonifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria quantities of RRS in the rhizosphere soil were much lower than that of other genotype soybeans. The effects of different genotype soybeans on ammoniation intensity and nitrification intensity were remarkable. The nitrification intensity and the nitrifying bacteria had the great positive correlation and sustainable development.展开更多
Changes in land use associated with the suppression of native vegetation can greatly alter the landscape configuration, affecting biodiversity and environmental services availability. This study analyzes how changes i...Changes in land use associated with the suppression of native vegetation can greatly alter the landscape configuration, affecting biodiversity and environmental services availability. This study analyzes how changes in land use affect landscape patterns of vegetation remnant over a 10 year period. We quantified spatial landscape patterns throughout a hydrographic basin for the years 2002, 2008, 2010 and 2012, using nine landscape metrics. An indicator of integrity was used to details the transformation processes occurring in the basin that could be used to monitor the impact of landscape changes and its spatial patterning. Results showed that over this decade, extension of farming activities reduced the cover of native vegetation by 4.4%, with grassy-woody savanna, wooded savanna and forested savanna impacted especially strongly. Suppression of vegetation across this period reduced the size of fragments and their connectivity. The landscape fragmentation indicator indicated that the fragmentation pattern varied spatially, with the upland areas along river headwaters, being most fragmented. Areas of floodplains vegetation, belonged to the Pantanal Wetland, although in better integrity states, are the most threatened by current pressures of land use change. An intense recovery program for headwaters and aquifer recharge areas, as well as riparian forests, is recommended to avoid the future depletion of water production. Besides, we also recommend the maintenance and recovering of the connectivity of the current remaining patches of natural vegetation corridors and elaboration of specific laws that incoporate the consolidated scientific knowladge about wetland ecosystem functioning, like the Pantanal.展开更多
The extracellular dissolved organic, carbon (DOC) and algal cell particlutate organiccarbon (POC) of a marine nanoplanktonic diatom Chaetoceros sp. were determined in this study. Thedaily rhythm and the influence of l...The extracellular dissolved organic, carbon (DOC) and algal cell particlutate organiccarbon (POC) of a marine nanoplanktonic diatom Chaetoceros sp. were determined in this study. Thedaily rhythm and the influence of light and temperature on the production rate of DOC and POC were stud-ied by growing the diatom under different laboratory controlled conditions of light and temperature. Theresults showed that the production of DOC and POC varied with light and temperature and were generallyhigher at daytime than at night. Under culture conditions of 24L:0D light cycle and 3500 lx light intensi-ty, the DOC and POC reached maximum (DOC: 17. 27 mgC/L; POC: 103. 10 mgC/L). While展开更多
The effect of trace metals of Zinc （Zn）, Selenium （Se） and Manganese （Mn） on thegrowth of a marine microalga was determined by culturing Nannochloropsis oculata in f/2 medium enrichedwith different concentration...The effect of trace metals of Zinc （Zn）, Selenium （Se） and Manganese （Mn） on thegrowth of a marine microalga was determined by culturing Nannochloropsis oculata in f/2 medium enrichedwith different concentrations of the metal compounds. The results showed that concentration and type ofthe metal compound affected the growth of Nannochloropsis. ZnCl<sub>2</sub> and Na<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub>, promoted the growth ofNannochloropsis at relatively low concentrations of 15. 3 μmol/L and 57. 8 μmol/L respectively, but inhib-it its growth at higher concentration of 153 μmol/L and about 300 μmol/L. No significant growth promotionwas observed for MnCl<sub>2</sub> and MnSO<sub>4</sub> although MnCl<sub>2</sub> was found to have higher toxic effect than MnSO<sub>4</sub>.展开更多
The effects of Mg doping in the quantum barriers（QBs） on the efficiency droop of GaN based light emitting diodes（LEDs） were investigated through a duel wavelength method. Barrier Mg doping would lead to the enhanc...The effects of Mg doping in the quantum barriers（QBs） on the efficiency droop of GaN based light emitting diodes（LEDs） were investigated through a duel wavelength method. Barrier Mg doping would lead to the enhanced hole transportation and reduced polarization field in the quantum wells（QWs）, both may reduce the efficiency droop. However,heavy Mg doping in the QBs would strongly deteriorate the crystal quality of the QWs grown after the doped QB. When increasing the injection current, the carriers would escape from the QWs between n-GaN and the doped QB and recombine non-radiatively in the QWs grown after the doped QB, leading to a serious efficiency droop.展开更多
An attempt of applying a novel genetic programming(GP) technique,a new member of evolution algorithms,has been made to predict the water storage of Wolonghu wetland response to the climate change in northeastern part ...An attempt of applying a novel genetic programming(GP) technique,a new member of evolution algorithms,has been made to predict the water storage of Wolonghu wetland response to the climate change in northeastern part of China with little data set.Fourteen years(1993-2006) of annual water storage and climatic data set of the wetland were taken for model training and testing.The results of simulations and predictions illustrated a good fit between calculated water storage and observed values(MAPE=9.47,r=0.99).By comparison,a multilayer perceptron(MLP)(a popular artificial neural network model) method and a grey model(GM) with the same data set were applied for performances estimation.It was found that GP technique had better performances than the other two methods both in the simulation step and predicting phase and the results were analyzed and discussed.The case study confirmed that GP method is a promising way for wetland managers to make a quick estimation of fluctuations of water storage in some wetlands under condition of little data set.展开更多
The genus Lagotis (Scrophulariaceae) is represented with 17 species in China, mostly growing in the south western part of the country on mountains of 3000 meters above sea level or higher. [1] Several species such... The genus Lagotis (Scrophulariaceae) is represented with 17 species in China, mostly growing in the south western part of the country on mountains of 3000 meters above sea level or higher. [1] Several species such as L.glauca, L. integra, L. brachystachya, and L. yunnanensis are used in Tibetan folkloric medicine for the treatment of fever, high blood pressure, and acute and chronic hepatitis. [2,3] As part of our studies of medicinal plants growing on the Yunnan-Tibet Plateau, L. yunnanensis W. W. Smith has been examined. To the best of our knowledge, no scientific study on this plant has hitherto been reported.……展开更多
This article is the 15th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series,wherein 115 taxa from three phyla,nine classes,28 orders,48 families,and 64 genera are treated.Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the pr...This article is the 15th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series,wherein 115 taxa from three phyla,nine classes,28 orders,48 families,and 64 genera are treated.Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the present study include a new family,five new genera,61 new species,five new combinations,one synonym,one new variety and 31 records on new hosts or new geographical distributions.Ageratinicolaceae fam.nov.is introduced and accommodated in Pleosporales.The new genera introduced in this study are Ageratinicola,Kevinia,Pseudomultiseptospora(Parabambusicolaceae),Marasmiellomycena,and Vizzinia(Porotheleaceae).Newly described species are Abrothallus altoandinus,Ageratinicola kunmingensis,Allocryptovalsa aceris,Allophoma yuccae,Apiospora cannae,A.elliptica,A.pallidesporae,Boeremia wisteriae,Calycina papaeana,Clypeo-coccum lichenostigmoides,Coniochaeta riskali-shoyakubovii,Cryphonectria kunmingensis,Diaporthe angustiapiculata,D.campylandrae,D.longipapillata,Diatrypella guangdongense,Dothiorella franceschinii,Endocalyx phoenicis,Epicoc-cum terminosporum,Fulvifomes karaiensis,F.pannaensis,Ganoderma ghatensis,Hysterobrevium baoshanense,Inocybe avellaneorosea,I.lucida,Jahnula oblonga,Kevinia lignicola,Kirschsteiniothelia guangdongensis,Laboulbenia caprina,L.clavulata,L.cobiae,L.cosmodisci,L.nilotica,L.omalii,L.robusta,L.similis,L.stigmatophora,Laccaria rubriporus,Lasiodiplodia morindae,Lyophyllum agnijum,Marasmiellomycena pseudoomphaliiformis,Melomastia beihaiensis,Nemania guangdongensis,Nigrograna thailandica,Nigrospora ficuum,Oxydothis chinensis,O.yunnanensis,Petriella thailandica,Phaeoacremonium chinensis,Phialocephala chinensis,Phytophthora debattistii,Polyplosphaeria nigrospora,Pronectria loweniae,Seriascoma acutispora,Setoseptoria bambusae,Stictis anomianthi,Tarzetta tibetensis,Tarzetta urceolata,Tetraploa obpyriformis,Trichoglossum beninense,and Tricoderma pyrrosiae.We provide an emendation for Urnula ailaoshanensis Agaricus duplocingulatoides var.brevisporus introduced as a new variety based on morphology and phylogeny.展开更多
A new species of terrestrial earthworms is described as Drawida dandongensis sp. nov. from Dandong, Liaoning, China. It is distinguished from others by a pair of spermathecal pores lie in the ventral o1f 7/8 intersegm...A new species of terrestrial earthworms is described as Drawida dandongensis sp. nov. from Dandong, Liaoning, China. It is distinguished from others by a pair of spermathecal pores lie in the ventral o1f 7/8 intersegmental furrow, and a pair of male pores lie in 10/11 intersegmental furrow, between setae b and c.展开更多
In this Letter, an alternative solution is proposed and demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of axial strain and temperature. This sensor consists of two twisted points on a commercial single mode fiber introduce...In this Letter, an alternative solution is proposed and demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of axial strain and temperature. This sensor consists of two twisted points on a commercial single mode fiber introduced by flame-heated and rotation treatment. The fabrication process modifies the geometrical configuration and refractive index of the fiber. Different cladding modes are excited at the first twisted point, and part of them are coupled back to the fiber core at the second twisted point. Experimental results show distinct sensitivities of 34.9 pm/με with 49.23 pm/℃ and -36.19 pm/με with 62.99 pm/℃ for the two selected destructive interference wavelengths.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Undergraduate Research Foundation of Nankai University (2004).
文摘A new phenol-degrading bacterium with high biodegradation activity and high tolerance of phenol, strain PD 12, was isolated from the activated sludge of Tianjin Jizhuangzi Wastewater Treatment Facility in China. This strain was capable of removing 500 mg phenol/L in liquid minimal medium by 99.6% within 9 h and metabolizing phenol at concentrations up to 1100 mg/L. DNA sequencing and homologous analysis of 16S rRNA gene identified PD12 to be an Acinetobacter sp. Polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） was used as a gel matrix to immobilize Acinetobacter sp. strain PDI2 by repeated freezing and thawing. The factors affecting phenol degradation of immobilized cells were investigated, and the results showed that the immobilized cells could tolerate a high phenol level and protected the bacteria against changes in temperature and pH. Storage stability and reusability tests revealed that the phenol degradation functions of immobilized cells were stable after reuse for 50 times or storing at 4℃ for 50 d. These results indicate that immobilized Acinetobacter sp. strain PD 12 possesses a good application potential in the treatment of phenol-containing wastewater.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(04-0402:ZJN)
文摘The biology safety of genetically modified organisms （GMO） has been a topic of considerable public debate in recent years. Parts of the international research on the safety of GMO focus on its effect on soil ecosystem, especially on microbial communities changing and process in soil that are essential to key terrestrial ecosystem functions. This paper studied the dynamic change of soil microbe after cultivating Roundup Ready soybean （RRS） and the effect on biochemical processing of nitrogen cycle. According to the variance analysis, the ammonifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria quantities of RRS in the rhizosphere soil were much lower than that of other genotype soybeans. The effects of different genotype soybeans on ammoniation intensity and nitrification intensity were remarkable. The nitrification intensity and the nitrifying bacteria had the great positive correlation and sustainable development.
文摘Changes in land use associated with the suppression of native vegetation can greatly alter the landscape configuration, affecting biodiversity and environmental services availability. This study analyzes how changes in land use affect landscape patterns of vegetation remnant over a 10 year period. We quantified spatial landscape patterns throughout a hydrographic basin for the years 2002, 2008, 2010 and 2012, using nine landscape metrics. An indicator of integrity was used to details the transformation processes occurring in the basin that could be used to monitor the impact of landscape changes and its spatial patterning. Results showed that over this decade, extension of farming activities reduced the cover of native vegetation by 4.4%, with grassy-woody savanna, wooded savanna and forested savanna impacted especially strongly. Suppression of vegetation across this period reduced the size of fragments and their connectivity. The landscape fragmentation indicator indicated that the fragmentation pattern varied spatially, with the upland areas along river headwaters, being most fragmented. Areas of floodplains vegetation, belonged to the Pantanal Wetland, although in better integrity states, are the most threatened by current pressures of land use change. An intense recovery program for headwaters and aquifer recharge areas, as well as riparian forests, is recommended to avoid the future depletion of water production. Besides, we also recommend the maintenance and recovering of the connectivity of the current remaining patches of natural vegetation corridors and elaboration of specific laws that incoporate the consolidated scientific knowladge about wetland ecosystem functioning, like the Pantanal.
基金This work was supported by the MEE Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education,Xiamen University(Grant No.MEE9903)and by Ministry of Education Foundation for University Key Teacher
文摘The extracellular dissolved organic, carbon (DOC) and algal cell particlutate organiccarbon (POC) of a marine nanoplanktonic diatom Chaetoceros sp. were determined in this study. Thedaily rhythm and the influence of light and temperature on the production rate of DOC and POC were stud-ied by growing the diatom under different laboratory controlled conditions of light and temperature. Theresults showed that the production of DOC and POC varied with light and temperature and were generallyhigher at daytime than at night. Under culture conditions of 24L:0D light cycle and 3500 lx light intensi-ty, the DOC and POC reached maximum (DOC: 17. 27 mgC/L; POC: 103. 10 mgC/L). While
基金This work was supported by Key Science Project of Fujian Province and by the Ministry of Education Foundation for University Key Teachers
文摘The effect of trace metals of Zinc （Zn）, Selenium （Se） and Manganese （Mn） on thegrowth of a marine microalga was determined by culturing Nannochloropsis oculata in f/2 medium enrichedwith different concentrations of the metal compounds. The results showed that concentration and type ofthe metal compound affected the growth of Nannochloropsis. ZnCl<sub>2</sub> and Na<sub>2</sub>SeO<sub>3</sub>, promoted the growth ofNannochloropsis at relatively low concentrations of 15. 3 μmol/L and 57. 8 μmol/L respectively, but inhib-it its growth at higher concentration of 153 μmol/L and about 300 μmol/L. No significant growth promotionwas observed for MnCl<sub>2</sub> and MnSO<sub>4</sub> although MnCl<sub>2</sub> was found to have higher toxic effect than MnSO<sub>4</sub>.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41171143)
文摘The effects of Mg doping in the quantum barriers（QBs） on the efficiency droop of GaN based light emitting diodes（LEDs） were investigated through a duel wavelength method. Barrier Mg doping would lead to the enhanced hole transportation and reduced polarization field in the quantum wells（QWs）, both may reduce the efficiency droop. However,heavy Mg doping in the QBs would strongly deteriorate the crystal quality of the QWs grown after the doped QB. When increasing the injection current, the carriers would escape from the QWs between n-GaN and the doped QB and recombine non-radiatively in the QWs grown after the doped QB, leading to a serious efficiency droop.
基金Sponsored by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No. 2006CB403302)the National Education Ministry foundation of China(Grant No.705011)the National Special Science and Technology Program Water Pollution Control and Treatment (Grant No.2009ZX07526-006,2008AX07208-001)
文摘An attempt of applying a novel genetic programming(GP) technique,a new member of evolution algorithms,has been made to predict the water storage of Wolonghu wetland response to the climate change in northeastern part of China with little data set.Fourteen years(1993-2006) of annual water storage and climatic data set of the wetland were taken for model training and testing.The results of simulations and predictions illustrated a good fit between calculated water storage and observed values(MAPE=9.47,r=0.99).By comparison,a multilayer perceptron(MLP)(a popular artificial neural network model) method and a grey model(GM) with the same data set were applied for performances estimation.It was found that GP technique had better performances than the other two methods both in the simulation step and predicting phase and the results were analyzed and discussed.The case study confirmed that GP method is a promising way for wetland managers to make a quick estimation of fluctuations of water storage in some wetlands under condition of little data set.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Education Department (No. 02ZY018) and the Natural Science Foundation of Yun- nan University (No. 2002Q005YY).
文摘 The genus Lagotis (Scrophulariaceae) is represented with 17 species in China, mostly growing in the south western part of the country on mountains of 3000 meters above sea level or higher. [1] Several species such as L.glauca, L. integra, L. brachystachya, and L. yunnanensis are used in Tibetan folkloric medicine for the treatment of fever, high blood pressure, and acute and chronic hepatitis. [2,3] As part of our studies of medicinal plants growing on the Yunnan-Tibet Plateau, L. yunnanensis W. W. Smith has been examined. To the best of our knowledge, no scientific study on this plant has hitherto been reported.……
基金Foundation items： The Key Scientific and Technological Project of Shanghai, China （No. 09231202805） Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project, China （No. B604）
文摘This article is the 15th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series,wherein 115 taxa from three phyla,nine classes,28 orders,48 families,and 64 genera are treated.Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the present study include a new family,five new genera,61 new species,five new combinations,one synonym,one new variety and 31 records on new hosts or new geographical distributions.Ageratinicolaceae fam.nov.is introduced and accommodated in Pleosporales.The new genera introduced in this study are Ageratinicola,Kevinia,Pseudomultiseptospora(Parabambusicolaceae),Marasmiellomycena,and Vizzinia(Porotheleaceae).Newly described species are Abrothallus altoandinus,Ageratinicola kunmingensis,Allocryptovalsa aceris,Allophoma yuccae,Apiospora cannae,A.elliptica,A.pallidesporae,Boeremia wisteriae,Calycina papaeana,Clypeo-coccum lichenostigmoides,Coniochaeta riskali-shoyakubovii,Cryphonectria kunmingensis,Diaporthe angustiapiculata,D.campylandrae,D.longipapillata,Diatrypella guangdongense,Dothiorella franceschinii,Endocalyx phoenicis,Epicoc-cum terminosporum,Fulvifomes karaiensis,F.pannaensis,Ganoderma ghatensis,Hysterobrevium baoshanense,Inocybe avellaneorosea,I.lucida,Jahnula oblonga,Kevinia lignicola,Kirschsteiniothelia guangdongensis,Laboulbenia caprina,L.clavulata,L.cobiae,L.cosmodisci,L.nilotica,L.omalii,L.robusta,L.similis,L.stigmatophora,Laccaria rubriporus,Lasiodiplodia morindae,Lyophyllum agnijum,Marasmiellomycena pseudoomphaliiformis,Melomastia beihaiensis,Nemania guangdongensis,Nigrograna thailandica,Nigrospora ficuum,Oxydothis chinensis,O.yunnanensis,Petriella thailandica,Phaeoacremonium chinensis,Phialocephala chinensis,Phytophthora debattistii,Polyplosphaeria nigrospora,Pronectria loweniae,Seriascoma acutispora,Setoseptoria bambusae,Stictis anomianthi,Tarzetta tibetensis,Tarzetta urceolata,Tetraploa obpyriformis,Trichoglossum beninense,and Tricoderma pyrrosiae.We provide an emendation for Urnula ailaoshanensis Agaricus duplocingulatoides var.brevisporus introduced as a new variety based on morphology and phylogeny.
文摘A new species of terrestrial earthworms is described as Drawida dandongensis sp. nov. from Dandong, Liaoning, China. It is distinguished from others by a pair of spermathecal pores lie in the ventral o1f 7/8 intersegmental furrow, and a pair of male pores lie in 10/11 intersegmental furrow, between setae b and c.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61775070 and 61275083)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2017KFYXJJ032)
文摘In this Letter, an alternative solution is proposed and demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of axial strain and temperature. This sensor consists of two twisted points on a commercial single mode fiber introduced by flame-heated and rotation treatment. The fabrication process modifies the geometrical configuration and refractive index of the fiber. Different cladding modes are excited at the first twisted point, and part of them are coupled back to the fiber core at the second twisted point. Experimental results show distinct sensitivities of 34.9 pm/με with 49.23 pm/℃ and -36.19 pm/με with 62.99 pm/℃ for the two selected destructive interference wavelengths.
