Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before endoscopic ultrasound guided tissue acquisition to reduce the incidence of post procedural pancreatitis

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)with fine needle aspiration or fine needle biopsy is the gold standard for sampling tissue to diagnose pancreatic cancer and auto-immune pancreatitis or to analyze cyst fluid.The most common reported adverse event of fine needle aspiration and/or fine needle biopsy is acute pancreatitis,which is likely induced by the same pathophysiological mechanisms as after en-doscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).According to the current European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are administered prior to ERCP as a scientifically proven treatment to reduce post-ERCP pancreatitis incidence rate.A single suppository of diclofenac or indomethacin prior to EUS guided tissue acquisition(TA)is harm-less in healthy adults.Since it is associated with low costs and,most important,may prevent a dreadsome complication,we strongly recommend the adminis-tration of 100 mg diclofenac rectally prior to EUS-TA.We will explain this recom-mendation in more detail in this review as well as the risk and pathophysiology of post-EUS TA pancreatitis.

Epidemiology of insertional and midportion Achilles tendinopathy in runners:A prospective cohort study

Background:Achilles tendinopathy(AT)is a common problem among runners.There is only limited evidence for risk factors for AT,and most studies have not defined the AT subcategories.No study has compared the incidence and risk factors between insertional AT and midportion AT,though they are considered distinct.This study aimed to assess incidence and risk factors of AT based on data from a large prospective cohort.The secondary aim was to explore differences in risk factors between insertional and midportion AT.Methods:Participants were recruited from among registered runners at registration for running events.Questionnaires were completed at baseline,1 month before the event,1 week before the event,and 1 month after the event.Information concerning demographics,training load,registered events,and running-related injuries were collected at baseline.The follow-up questionnaires collected information about new injuries.A pain map was used to diagnose midportion and insertional AT.The primary outcome was the incidence of AT.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to identify risk factors for the onset.Results:We included 3379 participants with a mean follow-up of 20.4 weeks.The incidence of AT was 4.2%.The proportion of insertional AT was 27.7%and of midportion AT was 63.8%;the remaining proportion was a combined type of insertional and midportion AT.Men had a significantly higher incidence(5%,95%confidence interval(95%CI):4.1%-6.0%)than women(2.8%,95%CI:2.0%-3.8%).AT in the past12 months was the most predominant risk factor for new-onset AT(odds ratio(OR)=6.47,95%CI:4.27-9.81).This was similar for both subcategories of AT(insertional:OR=5.45,95%CI:2.51-11.81;midportion:OR=6.96,95%CI:4.24-11.40).Participants registering for an event with a distance of 10/10.55 km were less likely to develop a new-onset AT(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.36-0.97)or midportion AT(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.23-0.93).Higher age had a significant negative association with insertional AT(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.94-1.00).Conclusion:The incidence of new-onset AT among recreational runners was 4.2%.The proportion of insertional and midportion AT was 27.7%and 63.8%,respectively.AT in the past 12 months was the predominant risk factor for the onset of AT.Risk factors varied between insertional and midportion AT,but we could not identify clinically relevant differences between the 2 subtypes.

Does community-based health insurance affect lifestyle and timing of treatment seeking behavior?Evidence from Ethiopia Author links open overlay panel

Objectives This paper aims to investigate the effects of enrollment in the Ethiopian community-based health insurance(CBHI)scheme on household preventive care activities and the timing of treatment-seeking behavior for illness symptoms.There is growing concern about the financial sustainability of CBHI schemes in developing countries.However,few empirical studies have identified potential contributors,including ex-ante and ex-post moral hazards.Methods We implement a household fixed-effect panel data regression model,drawing on three rounds of household survey data collected face to face in districts where CBHI scheme is operational and in districts where it is not operational in Ethiopia.Results The findings show that enrolment in CBHI does not significantly influence household behaviour regarding preventive care activities such as water treatment before drinking and handwashing before meals.However,CBHI significantly increases delay in treatment-seeking behaviour for diseases symptoms.Particularly,on average,we estimate about 4-6 h delay for malaria symptoms,a little above 4 h for tetanus,and 10-11 h for tuberculosis among the insured households.Conclusions While there is evidence that CBHI improve the utilization of outpatient or primary care services,our study suggests that insured members may wait longer before visiting health facilities.This delay could be partly due to moral hazard problems,as insured households,particularly those from rural areas,may consider the opportunity costs associated with visiting health facilities for minor symptoms.Overall,it is essential to identify the primary causes of delays in seeking medical services and implement appropriate interventions to encourage insured individuals to seek early medical attention.

Physical activity and amyloid beta in middle-aged and older adults:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:One of the pathological hallmarks distinguishing Alzheimer’s disease from other dementias is the accumulation of amyloid beta(Aβ).Higher physical activity is associated with decreased dementia risk,and one potential path could be through Aβlevels modulation.We aimed to explore the relationship between physical activity and Aβin middle-aged and older adults.Methods:A systematic search of PubMed,Web of Science,PsycINFO,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and SPORTDiscus was performed from inception to April 28,2022.Studies were eligible if they included physical activity and Aβdata in adults aged 45 years or older.Multi-level metaanalyses of intervention and observational studies were performed to examine the role of physical activity in modulating Aβlevels.Results:In total,37 articles were included(8 randomized controlled trials,3 non-randomized controlled trials,4 prospective longitudinal studies,and 22 cross-sectional studies).The overall effect size of physical activity interventions on changes in blood Aβwas medium(pooled standardized mean difference=-0.69,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.41 to 0.03;I^(2)=74.6%).However,these results were not statistically significant,and there were not enough studies to explore the effects of physical activity on cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and brain Aβ.Data from observational studies were examined based on measurements of Aβin the brain using positron emission tomography scans,CSF,and blood.Higher physical activity was positively associated with Aβonly in the CSF(Estimate r=0.12;95%CI:0.05-0.18;I^(2)=38.00%).Conclusion:Physical activity might moderately reduce blood Aβin middle-aged and older adults.However,results were only near statistical significance and might be interpreted with caution given the methodological limitations observed in some of the included studies.In observational studies,higher levels of physical activity were positively associated with Aβonly in CSF.Therefore,further research is needed to understand the modulating role of physical activity in the brain,CSF,and blood Aβ,as well as its implication for cognitive health.

Scoping review on health-related physical fitness in patients with inflammatory bowel disease:Assessment,interventions,and future directions

BACKGROUND Reaching the Selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease-II(STRIDE-II)therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)requires an interdisciplinary approach.Lifestyle interventions focusing on enhancing and preserving health-related physical fitness(HRPF)may aid in improving subjective health,decreasing disability,or even controlling inflammation.However,ambiguity remains about the status and impact of HRPF(i.e.body composition,cardiorespiratory fitness,muscular strength,muscular endurance,and flexibility)in IBD patients,hindering the development of physical activity and physical exercise training guidelines.AIM To review HRPF components in IBD patients and the impact of physical activity and physical exercise training interventions on HRPF.METHODS A systematic search in multiple databases was conducted for original studies that included patients with IBD,assessed one or more HRPF components,and/or evaluated physical activity or physical exercise training interventions.RESULTS Sixty-eight articles were included.No study examined the complete concept of HRPF,and considerable heterogeneity existed in assessment methods,with frequent use of non-validated tests.According to studies that used gold standard tests,cardiorespiratory fitness seemed to be reduced,but findings on muscular strength and endurance were inconsistent.A limited number of studies that evaluated physical activity or physical exercise training interventions reported effects on HRPF,overall showing a positive impact.CONCLUSION We performed a scoping review using a systematic and iterative approach to identify and synthesize an emerging body of literature on health-related physical fitness in patients with IBD,highlighting several research gaps and opportunities for future research.Findings of this review revealed a gap in the literature regarding the accurate assessment of HRPF in patients with IBD and highlighted important methodological limitations of studies that evaluated physical activity or physical exercise training interventions.This scoping review is a step towards performing studies and systematic reviews in the future,which was not possible at present given the heterogeneity in endpoints and designs of the available studies on this topic.Future well-designed studies are required to determine the optimal training paradigm for improving HRPF in patients with IBD before guidelines can be developed and integrated into the therapeutic strategy.

Fractures around the shoulder in the skeletally immature:A scoping review

Fractures around the shoulder girdle in children are mainly caused by sports accidents.The clavicle and the proximal humerus are most commonly involved.Both the clavicle and the proximal humerus have a remarkable potential for remodeling,which is why most of these fractures in children can be treated conservatively.However,the key is to understand when a child benefits from surgical management.Clear indications for surgery of these fractures are lacking.This review focuses on the available evidence on the management of clavicle and proximal humerus fractures in children.The only strict indications for surgery for diaphyseal clavicle fractures in children are open fractures,tenting of the skin with necrosis,associated neurovascular injury,or a floating shoulder.There is no evidence to argue for surgery of displaced clavicle fractures to prevent malunion since most malunions are asymptomatic.In the rare case of a symptomatic malunion of the clavicle in children,corrective osteosynthesis is a viable treatment option.For proximal humerus fractures in children,treatment is dictated by the patient's age(and thus remodeling potential)and the amount of fracture displacement.Under ten years of age,even severely displaced fractures can be treated conservatively.From the age of 13 and onwards,surgery has better outcomes for severely displaced(Neer types III and IV)fractures.Between 10 and 13 years of age,the indications for surgical treatment are less clear,with varying cut-off values of angulation(30-60 degrees)or displacement(1/3–2/3 shaft width)in the current literature.

The effects of a 20-week exercise program on blood-circulating biomarkers related to brain health in overweight or obese children:The ActiveBrains project

Background:Emerging research supports the idea that exercise positively affects neurodevelopment.However,the mechanisms linking exercise with brain health are largely unknown.We aimed to investigate the effect of exercise on(a)blood biomarkers selected based on previous evidence(brainderived neurotrophic factor,β-hydroxybutyrate(BHB),cathepsin B(CTSB),kynurenine,fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21),soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(sVCAM-1));and(b)a panel of 92 neurology-related proteins(discovery analysis).We also investigated whether changes in these biomarkers mediate the effects of exercise on brain health(hippocampal structure and function,cognitive performance,and mental health).Methods:We randomized 81 overweight/obese children(10.1±1.1 years,41%girls)into 2 groups:either 20 weeks of aerobic plus resistance exercise or control.Candidate biomarkers were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)for kynurenine,FGF21,and CTSB;colorimetry forβ-hydroxybutyrate;and XMap for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1.The92 neurology-related proteins were analyzed by an antibody-based proteomic analysis.Results:Our intervention had no significant effect on candidate biomarkers(all p>0.05).In the discovery analysis,a reduction in circulating macrophage scavenger receptor type-I was observed(standardized differences between groups=-0.3,p=0.001).This effect was validated using ELISA methods(standardized difference=-0.3,p=0.01).None of the biomarkers mediated the effects of exercise on brain health.Conclusions:Our study does not support a chronic effect of exercise on candidate biomarkers.We observed that while chronic exercise reduced the levels of macrophage scavenger receptor type-Ⅰ,it did not mediate the effects of exercise on brain health.Future studies should explore the implications of this novel biomarker for overall health.

现场诊断日本血吸虫感染常用方法比较

目的 比较三种常用诊断日本血吸虫感染的方法 ,在日本血吸虫病流行区进行现场诊断时的特性。方法 在湖北省和江西省各选取一个村庄为研究对象 ,各试点每位居民均接受改良加藤法、间凝法和孵化法检测感染 ,湖北试点只收集一次新鲜粪便标本制作 2张加藤涂片 ,江西试点收集连续 7d的新鲜粪便标本 ,每天制涂片 2张。同时收集相关的流行病学基础资料。结果 在两个试点中 ,各年龄组和性别的各种检测方法的阳性率变化趋势相同 ;间凝法和孵化法的检出率随着感染率的增加而上升。江西试点间凝法的敏感度和特异度分别为80 %和 48% ,单次加藤法和孵化法的敏感度分别为 6 8%和 33 % ;而湖北试点的孵化法阳性率却高于单次加藤法。结论 加藤法为现场诊断首选 ;孵化法易受现场条件限制 ,稳定性较差 ;间凝法假阳性率较高 。

中国铁路旅客列车服务网络性质研究

定量分析铁路旅客列车服务网络的性质,对路网规划、编制开行方案和旅客运输组织具有参考意义。本文从空间和时间的角度研究中国铁路旅客列车服务网络的特点。首先利用复杂网络理论,研究铁路旅客列车服务网络的空间特性,得出中国铁路旅客列车服务网络是"小世界"、"无标度"网络,旅客通过平均2.07次换乘即可从该服务网络中的一个车站到达另一个车站。同时,研究带权重的铁路旅客列车服务网络的性质。其次,从时间的角度研究旅客列车服务网络的接续特点,研究表明,中国铁路旅客列车服务网络中,旅客列车间的换乘接续有待完善。最后,利用复杂网络理论分析部分客运专线开通运营对中国铁路旅客列车服务网络性质的影响。

中国人群心电图幅度参数的年龄趋势和性别差异的调查

调查中国人群心电图QRS波幅度参数的年龄趋势和性别差异。采集 5 36 0例 (男 36 14例、女 174 6例 ,年龄范围 18～ 84岁 )健康人 12导联心电图并按性别分为 5个年龄组 ,计算和分析各年龄组男、女R波振幅 ,Sokolow指数(SV1+RV5)和Cornell指数 (RaVL+SV3 )的中位数及 96 %范围的正常上、下限。结果 :Ⅰ和aVL导联的R波振幅随年龄增长显著增加 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,而下壁导联Ⅱ、Ⅲ和aVF的R波振幅随年龄增长一致性地显著降低 (P <0 .0 0 1)。肢体导联R波振幅随年龄的变化与额面QRS电轴随年龄增长逐渐向左 (上 )偏移相一致。在胸导联 ,女性V5导联的R波振幅随年龄增长而增加 ;而男性Sokolow指数随年龄增长而降低。男、女的幅度差别在年轻的人群最为显著 ,随年龄增长这种差别趋向减小。男性Sokolow指数和Cornell指数在各年龄组均显著大于女性 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :心电图幅度参数存在显著的年龄趋势和性别差异 ,确有必要建立与年龄和性别相关的正常值和诊断标准。

中国人群心电图T波参数正常范围的调查

调查和评估中国人群 12导联心电图T波参数的正常范围以及年龄、性别和导联差异。采集 5 36 0例 (男 36 14例、女 174 6例 ,年龄范围 18～ 84岁 )健康人 12导联心电图 ,分别按性别分为 5个年龄组 ,计算男、女各年龄组T波幅度和额面T波电轴的中位数及 96 %范围正常上、下限 ,以及各导联负向T波的发生率。结果 :男性各导联T波幅度随年龄增长而逐渐下降 ,呈现明确的年龄趋势 ,尤其在胸导联 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;而女性的年龄趋势并不十分明确。男、女T波振幅的性别差异主要发生在胸导联 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,且T波幅度的性别差异随年龄增长趋向减小。在肢体导联 ,T波振幅的正常上限值在男性为 0 .5 4mV ,女性为 0 .4 5mV ;而在胸导联 ,男性为 1.4 4mV ,女性为 0 .9mV。绝大多数导联女性负向T波发生率高于男性 ;在Ⅰ、Ⅱ及V4～V6导联 ,负向T波最大发生率不超过 1.6 4 % ;在V1导联 ,男性负向T波发生率为 12 .19% ,而女性为 4 6 .79% ;在V2 导联 ,男、女负向T波发生率分别仅为 0 .33%和 2 .4 %。男、女T波中位数电轴均随年龄增长逐渐向左上偏移 ,6 0岁以后又转向左下 ;各年龄组T波中位数电轴的性别差异几乎相同 ,均约为 6°(P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :中国人群心电图T波参数存在明确的年龄、性别和导联差异。有必要制定与年龄?

血小板生成素对猴急性放射病的治疗

本实验观察了重组人血小板生成素(recombinant human thrombopoietin,rhTPO)10μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)×21对5.0Gy300kV X线(20cGy/min)照射所致猴急性放射病的治疗效果。治疗组照后第一周内,外周血小板轻度升高至105％—114％,第7天开始下降,第10天达最低值(45％);此后开始迅速回升,第14天达照前值水平,第21天达最高值(311％),第30天仍为263％。对照组照后前6天外周血小板波动在67％—95％,第7天开始迅速下降,第16天达最低值9％,仅为治疗组的1/17(P<0.001);此后开始缓慢回升,第30天仍未恢复到照前水平。外周血网织红细胞数两组动物照后均迅速下降,治疗组于照后第8天达最低值(11％),低于照前值50％的时间为8天,第12天开始迅速回升,第20天达最高值(402％);对照组动物下降程度更为迅速,第8天仅为照前值的9％,低于照前值50％的时间长达16天,第27天达治疗组的最高值水平。病程极期对照组动物均接受了2—3次血小板悬液或全血输注,而治疗组动物均不需要输血或输血小板悬液。以上结果表明,重组人血小板生成素可明显地促进照射动物造血功能的恢复,尤其是促进巨核细胞生成血小板的恢复更为明显。

生态足迹视阈下中国矿产资源禀赋“资源诅咒”问题研究

文章采用中国大陆省际面板资料,考察生态足迹约束下的经济发展与资源依赖程度的关系,从生态学角度检验中国大陆的矿产资源禀赋对经济发展是否具有"资源诅咒"效应。结果表明,"资源诅咒"在中国大陆的省际层面成立,矿产资源丰裕区存在生态经济低效率。矿产资源对人力资本和科技创新的挤出间接阻碍了经济发展。

代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与问卷的汉化及信效度检验

目的汉化代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与问卷,并检验其信效度。方法对代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与问卷进行翻译及文化调适,形成中文版问卷。便利抽取415名社区老年慢性病患者家属,检验中文版问卷的信效度。结果中文版问卷条目水平的内容效度指数为0.830~1.000,问卷水平的内容效度指数为0.970;探索性因子分析形成代理决策角色认知、思考、自我效能、准备度4个因子,累积方差贡献率为83.906%。验证性因子分析显示模型拟合指数为χ^(2)/df=2.307、CFI=0.949、GFI=0.880、NFI=0.913、IFI=0.949、TLI=0.937、RMSEA=0.078。问卷总体Cronbach′sα系数为0.925,各维度Cronbach′sα系数为0.706~0.940;重测信度为0.944,各维度重测信度为0.778~0.948。结论中文版代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与问卷信效度良好,可作为我国社区老年慢性病患者家属预立医疗照护计划参与的测评工具。

Management of acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding:Current policies and future perspectives

Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB) is a gastroenterological emergency with a mortality of 6%-13%.The vast majority of these bleeds are due to peptic ulcers.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and Helicobacter pylori are the main risk factors for peptic ulcer disease.Endoscopy has become the mainstay for diagnosis and treatment of acute UGIB,and is recommended within 24 h of presentation.Proton pump inhibitor(PPI) administration before endoscopy can downstage the bleeding lesion and reduce the need for endoscopic therapy,but has no effect on rebleeding,mortality and need for surgery.Endoscopic therapy should be undertaken for ulcers with high-risk stigmata,to reduce the risk of rebleeding.This can be done with a variety of modalities.High-dose PPI administration after endoscopy can prevent rebleeding and reduce the need for further intervention and mortality,particularly in patients with high-risk stigmata.

Prostate cancer screening in Europe and Asia

Prostate cancer(PCa)is the second most common cancer among men worldwide and even ranks first in Europe.Although Asia is known as the region with the lowest PCa incidence,it has been rising rapidly over the last 20 years mostly due to the introduction of prostate-specific antigen(PSA)testing.Randomized PCa screening studies in Europe show a mortality reduction in favor of PSA-based screening but coincide with high proportions of unnecessary biopsies,overdiagnosis and subsequent overtreatment.Conclusive data on the value of PSA-based screening and hence the balance between harms and benefits in Asia is still lacking.Because of known racial variations,Asian countries should not directly apply the European screening models.Like in the western world also in Asia,new predictive markers,tools and risk stratification strategies hold great potential to improve the early detection of PCa and to reduce the worldwide existing negative aspects of PSA-based PCa screening.

Current status of esophageal cancer treatment

Esophageal cancer(EC) remains one of the most common and aggressive diseases worldwide.This review discusses some debates in the modern management of the disease.Endoscopic procedures for early cancer(T1a-b) are now embedded in routine care and the challenge will be to more accurately select patients for endoscopic resection with or without adjuvant therapy.Perioperative multimodal therapies are associated with improved survival compared to surgery alone for locally advanced esophageal cancer.However, there is no global consensus on the optimal regimen.Furthermore, histological subtype(adenocarcinoma vs.squamous cell cancer) plays a role in the choice for treatment.New studies are underway to resolve some issues.The extent of the lymphadenectomy during esophagectomy remains controversial especially after neoadjuvant chemoradiation.The ideal operation balances between limiting surgical trauma and optimizing survival.Minimally invasive esophagectomy and enhanced recovery pathways are associated with decreased morbidity and faster recovery albeit there is no consensus yet what approach should be used.Finally, immune checkpoint inhibitors present promising preliminary results in the novel treatment of advanced or metastatic EC but their widespread application in clinical practice is still awaited.

Integrated approach to colorectal anastomotic leakage: Communication, infection and healing disturbances

Colorectal anastomotic leakage(CAL) remains a major complication after colorectal surgery. Despite all efforts during the last decades, the incidence of CAL has not decreased. In this review, we summarize the available strategies regarding prevention, prediction and intervention of CAL and categorize them into three categories: communication, infection and healing disturbances. These three major factors actively interact during the onset of CAL. We aim to provide an integrated approach to CAL based on its etiology. The intraoperative air leak test, intraoperative endoscopy, radiological examinations and stoma construction mainly aim to detect and to prevent communication between the intra- and extra-luminal content. Other strategies including postoperative drainage, antibiotics, and infectious-parameter evaluation are intended to detect and prevent anastomotic or peritoneal infection. Most currently available interventions for CAL focus on the control of communication and infection, while strategies targeting the healing disturbances such as lifestyle changes, oxygen therapy and evaluation of metabolic biomarkers still lack wide clinical application. This simplified categorization may contribute to an integrated understanding of CAL. We strongly believe that this integrated approach should be taken into consideration during clinical practice. An integrated approach to CAL could contribute to a better understanding of the etiology of CAL and eventually better patient outcome.

Role of left ventricular twist mechanics in cardiomyopathies, dance of the helices

Left ventricular twist is an essential part of left ventricular function. Nevertheless, knowledge is limited in "the cardiology community" as it comes to twist mechanics. Fortunately the development of speckle tracking echocardiography, allowing accurate, reproducible and rapid bedside assessment of left ventricular twist, has boosted the interest in this important mechanical aspect of left ventricular deformation. Although the fundamental physiological role of left ventricular twist is undisputable, the clinical relevance of assessment of left ventricular twist in cardiomyopathies still needs to be established. The fact remains; analysis of left ventricular twist mechanics has already provided substantial pathophysiological understanding on a comprehensive variety of cardiomyopathies. It has become clear that increased left ventricular twist in for example hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may be an early sign of subendocardial(microvascular) dysfunction. Furthermore, decreased left ventricular twist may be caused by left ventricular dilatation or an extensive myocardial scar. Finally, the detection of left ventricular rigid body rotation in noncompaction cardiomyopathy may provide an indispensible method to objectively confirm this difficult diagnosis. All this endorses the value of left ventricular twist in the field of cardiomyopathies and may further encourage the implementation of left ventricular twist parameters in the "diagnostic toolbox" for cardiomyopathies.

The impact of FinTech start-ups on incumbent retail banks’share prices

Background:This study aims to clarify the role of FinTech digital banking start-ups in the financial industry.We examine the impact of the funding of such start-ups on the stock returns of 47 incumbent US retail banks for 2010 to 2016.Methods:To capture the importance of FinTech start-ups,we use data on both the dollar-volume of funding and number of deals.We relate these to the stock returns with panel data regression methods.Results:Our results indicate a positive relationship exists between the growth in FinTech funding or deals and the contemporaneous stock returns of incumbent retail banks.Conclusions:Although these results suggest complementarity between FinTech and traditional banking,we note that our results at the banking industry level are not statistically significant,and that the coefficient signs for about one-third of the banks are negative,but not statistically significant.Since the FinTech industry is young and our sample period short,we cannot rule out that our findings are spurious.