Could sport be part of pediatric obesity prevention and treatment? Expert conclusions from the 28th European Childhood Obesity Group Congress

The prevalence of pediatric obesity continues to increase worldwide,bringing with it various metabolic,functional,social,and psychological complications.1 Both the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity must be based on multidisciplinary approaches combining nutrition,physical activity(PA),and psychological support.2 As an essential element of these multicomponent strategies,regular physical activity has been acknowledged as having beneficial effects on children's and adolescents,body composition,physical fitness,and metabolic profile,as well as on their health-related quality of life,social and psychological health,and academic achievement.3,4 Given that only a relatively small proportion of children and adolescents meet the public health recommendations for PA,5 and given that weight loss exercise-based interventions suffer from a high attrition rate,there is a clear need for appropriate PAs.

The Evaluation Rules in the View of the Rhythmic Gymnastics Judges

The Code of Points （COP） is the evaluation tool of Rhythmic Gymnastics （RG） and contributes to its evolution as sport. This tool is applied in competition by the judges who have a crucial role in the performance evaluation. The aim of this study was to characterize the International judges, their perception of the objectivity of their judgment in competitions and their opinions about the content and the reliability of the Code of Points. 162 international RG judges answered a questionnaire specially designed for this study For the data analysis, non-parametric tests were used. According to the judges, the evaluation of the difficulty component in the individual routines has more subjectivity in the items of Mastery （58.6%） and Dance Steps （55.6%） and is less subjective in the body difficulties of Balance （72.2%）. Concerning the execution, the judges consider that the evaluation of the artistic faults is the most subjective in this domain （64.8%）. Within the artistic faults the items unity of the composition and relation between the Music and the Movements, were those which registered higher significant results for the subjectivity in the evaluation （47.5% and 37.0%, respectively）.

Associations between partial foot amputation level,gait parameters,and minimum impairment criteria in para-sport:A research study protocol

Altered biomechanics due to amputation can contribute to substantial limitations,influencing sporting activities.Individuals with lower extremity amputations or congenital lower limb deficiency are encouraged to participate in para-sports.However,to compete in Paralympic sports,the candidate must have an impairment that results in lower extremity loss of function and meets or exceeds the sport's minimum impairment criteria(MIC).This review will focus on the MIC for competitive wheelchair tennis.Limb deficiency is known as one of the MIC used to regulate participation in competitive para-sports since it impacts gait,kinematics,and biomechanics of both the upper and lower body.Notwithstanding,it is questionable whether the MIC concerning limb deficiency is set at the correct level for determining eligibility for participating in Paralympic sports.This study aims to provide an overview of the evidence examining the impact of different partial foot amputation(PFA)levels on gait as a proxy for sporting performance.This scoping review will be based on a 6-step methodological framework and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis,extension for scoping reviews(PRISMA-ScR).Studies will be selected from PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,and SPORTDiscus.Two authors will screen the titles/abstracts independently.Selected studies will be scrutinised,and the same authors will extract data.Findings will be relevant to informing the evidence-based development of MIC for lower limb impairment after PFA and may be extrapolated to specific Paralympic sports,including wheelchair tennis.Results will be disseminated through scientific publications and conferences to audiences interested in Paralympic sports.