Vineyards show some of the largest erosion rates reported in agricultural areas in Europe.Reported rates vary considerably under the same land use,since erosion processes are highly affected by climate,soil,topography...Vineyards show some of the largest erosion rates reported in agricultural areas in Europe.Reported rates vary considerably under the same land use,since erosion processes are highly affected by climate,soil,topography and by the adopted soil management practices.Literature also shows differences in the effect of same conservation practices on reducing soil erosion from conventional,bare soil based,management.The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)is commonly adopted to estimate rates of water erosion on cropland under different forms of land use and management,but it requires proper value of soil cover and management(C)factors in order to obtain a reliable evaluation of local soil erosion rates.In this study the ORUSCAL(Orchard RUSle CALibration)is used to identify the best calibration strategy against long-term experimental data.Afterwards,ORUSCAL is used in order to apply the RUSLE technology from farm based information across different European wine-growing regions.The results suggest that the best strategy for calibration should incorporate the soil moisture sub-factor(Sm)to provide better soil loss predictions.The C factor,whose average values ranged from 0.012 to 0.597.presented a large spatial variability due to coupling with local climate and specific local management.The comparison across the five wine-growing regions indicates that for the soil protection management,permanent cover crop is the best measure for accomplishing sustainable erosion rates across the studied areas.Alternate and temporary cover crops,that are used in areas of limited water resources to prevent competition with vines,failed to achieve sustainable erosion rates,that still need to be addressed.This raises the need for a careful use of C values developed under different environmental conditions.展开更多
This article outlines the major scientific objectives of the SHui project that seeks to optimize soil and water use in agricultural systems in the EU and China,by considering major current scientific challenges in thi...This article outlines the major scientific objectives of the SHui project that seeks to optimize soil and water use in agricultural systems in the EU and China,by considering major current scientific challenges in this area.SHui(for Soil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping systems)is large cooperative project that aims to provide significant advances through transdisciplinary research at multiple scales(plot,field,catchment and region).This paper explains our research platform of long-term experiments established at plot scale,approaches taken to integrate crop and hydrological models at field scale;coupled crop models and satellite-based observations at regional scales;decision support systems for specific farming situations;and the integration of these technologies to provide policy recommendations through socio-economic analysis of the impact of soil and water saving technologies.It also outlines the training of stake-holders to develop a basic common curriculum despite the subject being distributed across different disciplines and professions.As such,this article provides a review of major challenges for improving soil and water use in EU and China as well as information about the potential to access information made available by SHui,and to allow others to engage with the project.展开更多
基金the European BiodivERsA project VineDivers(https://short.boku.ac.at/vinedivers)through the BiodivERsA/FACCE JPI(2013-2014 joint call)for research proposals,with the national funders:Austrian Science Fund(grant numbers I 2044-/I 2043-/I 2042-B25 FWF)French National Research Agency(ANR),Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness(PCIN-2014-098)+2 种基金Romanian Executive Agency for Higher Education,Research,Development and Innovation Funding(UEFISCDI)Federal Ministry of Education and Research(BMBF/Germany)Also to the CNR Short Term Mobility Program 2016 for funding a stay at IAS-CSIC during which M.Biddoccu contributed to this study and the SHui project funded by the European Commission(GA 773903),which supported the final steps of the analysis presented in this manuscript.
文摘Vineyards show some of the largest erosion rates reported in agricultural areas in Europe.Reported rates vary considerably under the same land use,since erosion processes are highly affected by climate,soil,topography and by the adopted soil management practices.Literature also shows differences in the effect of same conservation practices on reducing soil erosion from conventional,bare soil based,management.The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)is commonly adopted to estimate rates of water erosion on cropland under different forms of land use and management,but it requires proper value of soil cover and management(C)factors in order to obtain a reliable evaluation of local soil erosion rates.In this study the ORUSCAL(Orchard RUSle CALibration)is used to identify the best calibration strategy against long-term experimental data.Afterwards,ORUSCAL is used in order to apply the RUSLE technology from farm based information across different European wine-growing regions.The results suggest that the best strategy for calibration should incorporate the soil moisture sub-factor(Sm)to provide better soil loss predictions.The C factor,whose average values ranged from 0.012 to 0.597.presented a large spatial variability due to coupling with local climate and specific local management.The comparison across the five wine-growing regions indicates that for the soil protection management,permanent cover crop is the best measure for accomplishing sustainable erosion rates across the studied areas.Alternate and temporary cover crops,that are used in areas of limited water resources to prevent competition with vines,failed to achieve sustainable erosion rates,that still need to be addressed.This raises the need for a careful use of C values developed under different environmental conditions.
基金This work has been supported by Project SHui which is co-funded by the European Union Project GA 773903 and the Chi-nese MOST
文摘This article outlines the major scientific objectives of the SHui project that seeks to optimize soil and water use in agricultural systems in the EU and China,by considering major current scientific challenges in this area.SHui(for Soil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping systems)is large cooperative project that aims to provide significant advances through transdisciplinary research at multiple scales(plot,field,catchment and region).This paper explains our research platform of long-term experiments established at plot scale,approaches taken to integrate crop and hydrological models at field scale;coupled crop models and satellite-based observations at regional scales;decision support systems for specific farming situations;and the integration of these technologies to provide policy recommendations through socio-economic analysis of the impact of soil and water saving technologies.It also outlines the training of stake-holders to develop a basic common curriculum despite the subject being distributed across different disciplines and professions.As such,this article provides a review of major challenges for improving soil and water use in EU and China as well as information about the potential to access information made available by SHui,and to allow others to engage with the project.
