梅兰芳访美演出剧目考辨与溯因

梅兰芳1930年访美成功的原因离不开梅剧团精心取舍剧目、合理组合剧目、适时适地变换剧目组合。梅剧团在154天访美期间,在美国六大城市、九大剧院成功演出96场京剧大戏,共推出35部传统剧目、改良剧目和舞蹈节目。为了顺应和适应美国观众的喜好,梅剧团取舍剧目的优先是形体动作表演为主,并符合中美两国的共享文化价值,包括尊重女性、公平正义、英雄情节、忠贞爱情。梅剧团运用“三剧一舞”的基本组合,作为每一场演出的基本准则,而且因时因地不断变换组合、调整剧目。利用美国地方报纸信息和运用溯因研究方法,考辩上演剧目的中英文名称、地点、时间、顺序、组合和内容,溯因梅兰芳访美成功的剧目因素,能够为梅兰芳访美演出这一历史性事件,提供新的观察视角、开发新的研究方法、发现新的参考史料。

Exploring the Characteristics of Data Breaches: A Descriptive Analytic Study

Data breaches have massive consequences for companies, affecting them financially and undermining their reputation, which poses significant challenges to online security and the long-term viability of businesses. This study analyzes trends in data breaches in the United States, examining the frequency, causes, and magnitude of breaches across various industries. We document that data breaches are increasing, with hacking emerging as the leading cause. Our descriptive analyses explore factors influencing breaches, including security vulnerabilities, human error, and malicious attacks. The findings provide policymakers and businesses with actionable insights to bolster data security through proactive audits, patching, encryption, and response planning. By better understanding breach patterns and risk factors, organizations can take targeted steps to enhance protections and mitigate the potential damage of future incidents.

Break Free from Depression:Implementation and Outcomes of a School-Based Depression Awareness Program

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of Break Free from Depression(BFFD),a school-based depression awareness curriculum,in comparison to a wait list control group.A total of 13 eighth grade classrooms participated in either an intervention or control group and completed pre-,post-,and three-month follow-up surveys.Students participating in BFFD(N=6 classrooms,166 students)demonstrated enhanced knowledge of and more adaptive attitudes towards depression compared to the control group(N=7 classrooms,155 students).Participants in the BFFD intervention also demonstrated increases in their confidence in knowing how to seek help for depression and in their intent to seek this help if needed.Slight decreases were found at a three-month follow-up in all scales except for intent to seek help.BFFD was effective regardless of gender,ethnicity,or identification as a member of the LGBTQ community.There was a delayed effect on measured constructs for Black students with gains apparent at three-month follow-up.The findings demonstrated that BFFD had a small but significant positive impact on students’knowledge,skills,and attitudes in seeking support for themselves and for others when faced with signs of depression.The implementation of depression awareness curricula in schools hold promise in promoting student mental health,and it is important to consider factors that might have an impact on outcomes.

A Data Consistency Insurance Method for Smart Contract

As one of the major threats to the current DeFi(Decentralized Finance)ecosystem,reentrant attack induces data inconsistency of the victim smart contract,enabling attackers to steal on-chain assets from DeFi projects,which could terribly do harm to the confidence of the blockchain investors.However,protecting DeFi projects from the reentrant attack is very difficult,since generating a call loop within the highly automatic DeFi ecosystem could be very practicable.Existing researchers mainly focus on the detection of the reentrant vulnerabilities in the code testing,and no method could promise the non-existent of reentrant vulnerabilities.In this paper,we introduce the database lock mechanism to isolate the correlated smart contract states from other operations in the same contract,so that we can prevent the attackers from abusing the inconsistent smart contract state.Compared to the existing resolutions of front-running,code audit,andmodifier,our method guarantees protection resultswith better flexibility.And we further evaluate our method on a number of de facto reentrant attacks observed from Etherscan.The results prove that our method could efficiently prevent the reentrant attack with less running cost.

在有序Banach空间锥上的逼近定理和不动点定理

K.Fan证明了在Banach空间上连续映象的一个重要不动点定理[1,定理2].在[3]中Lin利用李的结果[2,引理2和定理]证明了凝聚和集压缩映象的一些十分有趣的不动点定理和逼近定理.其中有一个很强的假设条件:在Banach空间E上的范数对于锥P确定的序是递增的,从而大大限制了这些定理的作用和意义.在这篇文章中我们去掉了这一条件,在更一般的情况下,证明了[2]和[3]的主要结果仍然成立.作了实质的改进与推广。

新国标视阈下民航院校英语专业听力教学之“微改革”——以CAFUC 00后学生为教学对象

将新国标应用于00后英语专业学生的英语听力教学改革探索,立足"微改革",以"内容依托教学"为指导,通过坚持教师的自我学习与自我成长,在民航院校特定的教学环境中对学生进行有行业特色的教学引导,选择有行业特色的补充材料,克服"同质化",以取得更好的教学效果。

逆意向性:论被观视与被言说(节选)

现象学的一个中心主题就是意向行为(noesis)与意向对象(noema)的关联关系,在其中,主体被给予或接受"对象"。但是,与这个主题具有辩证的张力的是逆意向性观念,即意义赋予的意向性之箭走向自我,而不是从自我中流溢出来。这个主题是由萨特、莱维纳斯等人发展起来的。

Seasonal variation of Microcystis in Lake Taihu and its relationships with environmental factors

In order to monitor the changes of Microcystis along with temporal and spatial variations, seasonal variation of Microcystis in Lake Taihu was investigated by 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （16S-23S rRNA-ITS DGGE） and microscopic evaluation. Samples were collected quarterly at four sites （River Mouth, Meiliang Bay, Cross Area, and Lake Center） from August 2006 to April 2007. Results showed that Microcystis dominated total phytoplankton abundance at the four sites in all seasons except winter. The average annual abundance of Microcystis was relatively high at River Mouth and Meiliang Bay, reaching 81.22×10^6 and 61.32×10^6 cells/L, respectively. For temporal variations, Shannon-Wiener diversity index （H＇） according to DGGE profile revealed the richness of Microcystis in summer （H＇ = 1.375±0.034） and winter （H＇ = 1.650 ±0.032） was lower than that in spring （H＇ = 2.078 ±0.031） and autumn （H＇ = 2.365 ±0.032） （P 〈 0.05）. While for spatial variations, the richness of Microcystis at River Mouth （H＇ = 2.015± 0.074） was higher than at other sites during four seasons （P 〈 0.01）. Very few differences of Microcystis diversity in the same season were observed among the other three sites （P 〉 0.05）. Canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） was performed to elucidate the relationships between Microcystis operational taxonomic units （OTUs） composition and the environmental factors. Results of CCA revealed that temperature was strongly positively correlated with the first axis （r = 0.963）, while TSS was negative correlated with the second axis （r = -0.716）. Phylogenetic tree based on the sequencing results of target bands on DGGE gel indicated that samples collected in summer and winter constituted two separated clusters.

Developmental ecology of the American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus

During spawning events,horseshoe crab eggs are released from the female's oviducts,and fertilized by one or moremales.Eggs are shaped by the female into discrete clutches deposited in nests at depths of 10-20 cm on intertidal estuarinebeaches.Distinguishing between fresh eggs and the early developmental stages is obfuscated by the large amount of dense,opaque yolk.The first unambiguous confirmation of development is the formation of the rudimentary prosomatic appendages atthe 'limb bud' stage.Several days thereafter,the outer chorion is shed and the developing embryo expands and undergoes a seriesof molts within the clear inner egg membrane.The trilobite (first instar) stage thus attained may remain within the beach sedimentsfor several more weeks,until hatching is facilitated by environmental factors such as hydration,agitation,and osmoticshock that accompany the infiltration of seawater into the nests.Trilobites exhibit endogenous circatidal swimming rhythms thatare entrained by mechanical agitation,suggesting that peaks in larval swimming are timed to coincide with periods of high waterand the inundation of the nests.Larval swimming is limited and does not appear to result in long-distance dispersal.The limiteddispersal of the larvae has important implications for the population dynamics of relatively isolated populations.The rate of larvaldevelopment is highly plastic and is influenced by temperature,salinity,dissolved oxygen,and the presence of pollutants.Thebroad environmental tolerances of horseshoe crab embryos and larvae are important in understanding their current geographicdistribution and their evolutionary

Single-cell RNA sequencing的正则化方法（英文）

正则化是scRNA-seq数据分析的核心并影响决定下游分析的质量.相比bulkRNA-seq,由于scRNA-seq的zero inflation,其正则化是一个尚未解决的问题.本研究给出了一个bias analysis framework对现有的scRNA-seq正则化方法进行评估比较.这个bias analysis framework对scRNA-seq正则化提供了理论基础.同时作者比较了广为使用的bulkRNA-seq正则化方法,以及专为scRNA-seq设计的正则化方法在scRNA-seq基准数据聚类中的作用.

Inhibition effect of curcumin on UVB-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from corneal limbus epithelial cells

~ AIM： To study the effects of curcumin on the secretion of interleukin （IL） -6 and IL-8 by corneal limbus epithelial cells. METHODS： Human corneal Iimbus epithelial cells were isolated and cultured from donor eyes and irradiated by UVB at different dosages with or without curcumin. MTT test was used for studying the effects of UVB and curcumin on the cell viability. The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） and nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-KB） pathways on the UVB-induced secretion of IL.6 and IL-8 were tested by addition of their inhibitors to the culture with or without UVB-radiation. Levels of various signal pathways, IL-6 and IL-8 in the cells and in the conditioned culture medium were measured by ELISA analysis. RESULTS： UVB at 20 mJ/cm2 or less and curcumin at 20 IJmol/L or less did not affect the cell viability of culturedlimbus epithelial cells （P〉0.05）. UVB irradiation at 10 and 20 mJ/cm2 induced a significant increase of secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and upregulated NF-KB and phosphorylated MAPK pathways of cultured limbus epithelial cells （P〈0.05）. Various signal pathway inhibitors, including SP600125 （JNK inhibitor）, SB203580 （p38 MAPK inhibitor） and BAY11-7082 （NF-KB inhibitor） significantly decreased the UVB-induced secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 secretion （P〈0.05）. Curcumin at 5-20 pmol/L significantly inhibited UVB- induced secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 by limbus epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner; while curcumin alone did not affect the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8. The upregulation of NF-KB and MAPK pathways induced by UVB treatment was significantly inhibited by curcumin, suggesting that NF-KB and MAPK pathways are involved in the inhibitory effect of curcumin on UVB-induced production of IL-6 and IL-8.

Building a Large-Scale and Wide-Area Quantum Internet Based on an OSI-Alike Model

The theory and experiment of quantum information have been studied extensively in recent years,and the feasibility of quantum communication has been proved.Although the fundamental technology is not yet mature,research on quantum internet should be conducted.To implement quantum internet,an architecture that describes how quantum nodes are linked to form networks and how protocol functions are vertically composed need to be developed urgently.In this paper,we present a novel design of a clusterbased structure to describe how quantum nodes are interconnected,and how the structure can improve the performance of qubit transmission and reduce the network complexity.The idea of the quantum local area network(QLAN)is proposed as an essential component of the quantum internet.Besides,each quantum repeater links to neighboring repeaters to form a core network,and multiple QLANs are connected through the core network.The core network can be grouped into different hierarchical quantum repeater networks according to needed service requirements.For the sake of interoperability and fast prototyping,we adopt the idea of OSI layering model of the current Internet in the design of quantum internet.Finally,we elaborate on the composition of quantum nodes and the realization of end-to-end communication.

激光剥蚀-等离子体质谱技术及其在地球化学宇宙化学和环境研究中的应用(英文)

激光剥蚀-等离子体质谱(LA-ICPMS)已成为地球化学、宇宙化学和环境研究领域元素和同位素原位分析最重要的技术之一。文章介绍了多种类型的质谱仪及其使用的激光器。用途最广的LA-ICPMS仪器之一是单接收器扇形磁场质谱仪,配有Nd:YAG激光剥蚀系统(激光波长分为193 nm和213 nm两种),MPI Mainz实验室使用的就是这套系统,文章对此作一详细介绍。文中阐述了数据优化技术及其多种校正过程;介绍LA-ICPMS在痕量元素和同位素分析领域的一些应用,包括参考物质的研制,Hawaiian玄武岩、Martian陨石、生物骨针和珊瑚虫中痕量元素分析及熔融包裹体和富钙-铝碳质球粒陨石中的铅和锶同位素测量。

The Body in Relation to the Other

In this study,I analyze Glissant’s idea of the Caribbean society as an inclusive community that treats its members with equality and mutual respect.The literary analysis includes novels Brown Girl in the Ring(BGR)by Nalo Hopkinson,Les Affres d’un défi(The Throes of a Challenge)(AF)by Frankétienne,and L’Envers du décor(Behind the Scene)(ED)by Ernest Pépin.All three novels demonstrate how the enslaving western governments of the Black populations of the Caribbean,have dispossessed the Black people of their culture and identity and instilled a feeling of shame into them,and minimized them as zombies.Glissant,like the mentioned authors,raises the question of whether our modern governments still operate on the same principles.Ernest Pépin shows how modern tourists and settlers still envision the Caribbean islands as Christopher Columbus did for the Western world’s profit only.Glissant proposes another form of world relations in the Caribbean,neither ontological nor one of political affiliation with France,but a rhizomatic relation with all the former communities of which the Caribbean peoples are composed.

女性与中国20世纪初之科学教育的跨国动态——静默的革命

本文从人物与跨国维度探索中国科学界的女性先驱接受的早期科学教育与她们的留学经历。论文通过重点关注清末民初女性在追求科学的过程中面对的特殊风险与收获,将当时中国男性与女性在科学道路上的经历区分开来,并揭示出中国女性的案例在世界女性科学发展史中的特点。本文分为两大部分,分别探讨国内女子科学教育与女性出国学习科学的环境和条件。第一部分首先陈述早期创立的女子学校的主要性质与动态机制,分析它们怎样影响学生对科学产生兴趣,并帮助她们做好深造的准备,然后再追踪新出现的攻读大学学位的机会,这些机会使得在中国学习科学的女性有可能考虑到海外深造。第二部分转而关注留学问题,探讨家庭背景和国际形势何以改造中国女子的“调动策略”(strategies of mobility),强调选择出国进修是激进的人生选择。文章提出,认真对待早期从事科学之女子的个人处境,令我们不再仅将她们的科学追求当作中国科学发展进程的一部分,而是关注科学志愿如何推动男女人士周旋于数国的社会规范与要求之间,并重塑这些规范。

Managerial Behaviors of Executive Women in India’s Service Sector

Numerous studies are emphasizing the importance of managerial behavior amongst executives in the management.Research,particularly on managerial behavior of women in executive management,is relatively underexplored.These managerial behaviors are classified into three functional domains:a task,relationship,and strategy-oriented in organizations.Little attention is paid to these managerial behaviors and skills observed amongst executive women in India’s women’s banking and finance sectors.The present study addresses this under-examined inquiry area concerning three managerial behaviors among India’s women executives.Twenty-five executive women in the banking and finance service sectors were interviewed.Moreover,fifty team members reporting to these executive women were surveyed.Findings indicate that executive women were adopting task and relationship-oriented behaviors.The third domain of strategy-oriented managerial behavior is least reported amongst executive women in the service sector organizations.These strategic change behaviors are exhibited at a minimal.In conclusion,the theoretical and practice implications of effective managerial practices in the service organization are discussed.

世界的购并与《购并世界》

信息时代使世界变得愈来愈小。 世界性的企业购并交易进一步展示了全球经济一体化的现实及其不可逆转性。奔驰—克莱斯勒的合并、波音收购麦道、花旗银行集团的形成等等仅仅是世界性企业购并浪潮的若干引人注目的巨涛。

声波超材料中D类拓扑的观测

Topological materials and metamaterials opened new paradigms to create and manipulate phases of matter with unconventional properties.Topological D-class phases(TDPs)are archetypes of the ten-fold classification of topological phases with particle-hole symmetry.In two dimensions,TDPs support propagating topological edge modes that simulate the elusive Majorana elementary particles.Furthermore,a piercing ofπ-flux Dirac-solenoids in TDPs stabilizes localized Majorana excitations that can be braided for the purpose of topological quantum computation.Such two-dimensional(2D)TDPs have been a focus in the research frontier,but their experimental realizations are still under debate.Here,with a novel design scheme,we realize 2D TDPs in an acoustic crystal by synthesizing both the particle-hole and fermion-like time reversal symmetries for a wide range of frequencies.The design scheme leverages an enriched unit cell structure with real-valued couplings that emulate the targeted Hamiltonian of TDPs with complex hoppings:A technique that could unlock the realization of all topological classes with passive metamaterials.In our experiments,we realize a pair of TDPs with opposite Chern numbers in two independent sectors that are connected by an intrinsic fermion-like timereversal symmetry built in the system.We measure the acoustic Majorana-like helical edge modes and visualize their robust topological transport,thus revealing the unprecedented D and DIII class topologies with direct evidence.Our study opens up a new pathway for the experimental realization of two fundamental classes of topological phases and may offer new insights in fundamental physics,materials science,and phononic information processing.

Who Are You Meant to Be? Predicting Psychological Indicators and Occupations based on Personality Traits

Recognition of psychological characteristics based on massive data and computer machine learning algorithms has gradually become a new way for psychological research. As we all know, person-job fit is an important consideration in recruitment and selection. Most existing selection process can reliably measure skills fit, i.e., matching job seekers’ skills/work experience with job demand. What is often harder to assess is the compatibility between job seekers’ motivational needs/career aspirations and job characteristics, which will ultimately determine their career progress and job satisfaction. With the increasing application of machine learning methods in psychology, this paper constructed classification models to predict individuals’ needs, career aspiration, and occupation through their personality traits. This enables automatic access to individuals’ psychological indicators, with the MLP (Multi-Layer Perceptron) method showing the highest prediction accuracy. In addition, it conducted a comparative analysis of the distribution of personality characteristics in different occupations. Based on the study results, we put forward some countermeasures and suggestions for application in human resource management.

‘New’unintentionally produced PCBs in the Arctic

Contamination of the Arctic by legacy polychlorinated biphenyls(PCB)is well documented,but the more recent discovery of unintentionally produced(UP)PCBs in the Arctic is a cause for concern.Legacy PCBs are covered by existing international conventions and regular monitoring,and the UP congeners are covered by the Stockholm Convention and the U.S.Toxic Substances Control Act,but systematic monitoring and regulatory enforcement of UP-PCBs are lacking.Sources of UP-PCB are by-products of manufacturing(e.g.pigments)and from thermal sources(e.g.incinerators).Estimates of PCB emissions in China now show UP-PCB eclipsing emissions of legacy PCB.Here we discuss the 209 PCB-congener results from surface snow samples from Lomonosovfonna in 2010 and 2014,a glacial site on Svalbard which,in 2014,shows presence of PCB5,PCB11,and an unusually high amount of PCB52.While PCB5 and PCB11 may not be found in legacy PCB mixtures,PCB52 is in many PCB mixtures,yet dominates none of them as in the 2014 snow sample.Is it possible that these congeners are from UP-PCB processes?A search of the literature shows that PCB5,PCB11 and PCB52 are co-synthesis products of pigment production and that PCB5 and PCB11 are found in flue gas and ash from hazardous waste incineration.Of these,PCB11 has received greater attention in the literature.It has recently been consistently detected in the air,snow,soil and biota in the Arctic,evidence that PCB11 and possibly other UP-PCB congeners are global contaminants.Ice core measurements dating from 1957 to 2009 of PCBs in Svalbard reveal PCB11 presence throughout that period,indicating historic presence in the Arctic before being a focus of research elsewhere.Other UP-PCB need to be more fully investigated,especially from thermal sources.