An Efficient Non-Linear Application Algorithm Predictive Model for a Multi Aircraft Landing Dynamic System <i>AIRLADYS R</i>2019<i>A</i>⁺

The aim of this paper is to set up an efficient nonlinear application algorithm predictive model for a multi aircraft landing dynamic system called “Aircraft Landing Dynamic System, Release 2019A+ version “AIRLADYS R2019A+”. This programming software combines dynamic programming technic for mathematical computing and optimisation run under AMPL and KNITRO Solver. It uses also a descriptive programming technic for software design. The user interfaces designed in Glade are saved as XML, and by using the GtkBuilder GTK+ object these can be loaded by applications dynamically as needed. By using GtkBuilder, Glade XML files can be used in numerous programming languages including C, C++, C#, Java, Perl, Python, AMPL, etc. Glade is Free Software released under the GNU GPL License. By these tools, the solved problem is a mathematical modelization problem as a non-convex optimal control governed by ordinary non-linear differential equations. The dynamic programming technic is applied because it is a sufficiently high order and it does not require computation of the partial derivatives of the aircraft dynamic. This application will be coded with Linux system on 64 bit operating system, but it can also be run on the windows system. High running performances are obtained with results giving feasible trajectories with a robust optimizing of the objective function.

Electrification Solution with Supercapacitor Storage of a Bow Thruster for River Tugboat

Bow thrusters usually are hydraulic and mechanically driven engines,used for the positioning maneuvers of River and sea boats.The peculiarity of these systems operating on short time intervals is their low rate of use(approximately 2%)but requiring maximal power.The main purpose of the work is to propose an innovative electrical hybridization of the bow thruster for a river tugboat.This electrification solution enables the bow thruster to operate with no-emissions,reduced noise and is a subsystem of green ship.Main challenge is to manage high torque and low speed requirements of the bow thruster system during the positioning maneuvers,by adding a dynamic electrical storage system,based on high capacitance value Supercapacitors,and in association with the electrified propeller motor.The knowledge concerns hybrid electrification,involving new-technology elements,energy storage based on supercapacitors,the high amplitude low speed torque control strategy.With fully reversible electrical motorization,the propeller is able to operate for both direct-reverse ways of rotation.Proposed electrical solution would hence provide large expected benefits in terms of energy efficiency,compactness,weights,costs,and contribute to a more eco-friendly ship.Numerical simulation and first results on laboratory test bench validate the proposed electrification concept.

Replacement of alkali silicate solution with silica fume in metakaolin-based geopolymers

A metakaolin(Mk)-based geopolymer cement from Tunisian Mk mixed with different amounts of silica fume(SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio varying between 3.61 and 4.09) and sodium hydroxide(10M) and without any alkali silicate solution, is developed in this work. After the samples were cured at room temperature under air for 28 d, they were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, environmental scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry, ^(27)Al and ^(29)Si nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy, and compression testing to establish the relationship between microstructure and compressive strength. The XRD, FTIR, and ^(27)Al and ^(29)Si NMR analyses showed that the use of silica fume instead of alkali silicate solutions was feasible for manufacturing geopolymer cement. The Mk-based geopolymer with a silica fume content of 6 wt%(compared with those with 2% and 10%), corresponding to an SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio of 3.84, resulted in the highest compressive strength, which was explained on the basis of its high compactness with the smallest porosity. Silica fume improved the compressive strength by filling interstitial voids of the microstructure because of its fine particle size. In addition, an increase in the SiO_2/Al_2O_3 molar ratio, which is controlled by the addition of silica fume, to 4.09 led to a geopolymer with low compressive strength, accompanied by microstructures with high porosity. This high porosity, which is responsible for weaknesses in the specimen, is related to the amount of unreacted silica fume.

Influence of Thin Water Film on Skid Resistance

Most of past researches on the skid resistance/road wetness relationship deal with thick water depths （〉 1 mm）. Questions remain as to the variation of skid resistance with thin water films and the transition between the dry state and the so-called ＂damp＂ or ＂humid＂ state at which the skid resistance drop can be as high as 30%-40%. This paper deals with a theoretical and experimental assessment of the friction-water depth relationship. The main objective is to estimate local water depths trapped between the tire and the road asperities and to define a so-called ＂critical＂ water depth which can be used to detect risky situations for road users. Tests are performed in laboratory. It was found that the friction-water depth curves have an inverse-S shape and present an initial constant-friction part before decreasing to a minimum value. A ＂critical＂ water depth, defined as the water depth above which the friction coefficient collapses significantly, is determined from surface texture on critical water depth is discussed. observed friction-water depth curves. Influence of test speed and

Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Healthy Risk Level Induced by Aircraft Pollutant Impacts around Soekarno Hatta International Airport

Aircraft pollutant emissions are an important part of sources of pollution that directly or indirectly affect human health and ecosystems. This research suggests an Artificial Neural Network model to determine the healthy risk level around Soekarno Hatta International Airport-Cengkareng Indonesia. This ANN modeling is a flexible method, which enables to recognize highly complex non-linear correlations. The network was trained with real measurement data and updated with new measurements, enhancing its quality and making it the ideal method for this research. Measurements of aircraft pollutant emissions are carried out with the aim to be used as input data and to validate the developed model. The obtained results concerned the improved ANN architecture model based on pollutant emissions as input variables. ANN model processes variables—hidden layers—and gives an output variable corresponding to a healthy risk level. This model is characterized by a 4-10-1 scheme. Based on ANN criteria, the best validation performance is achieved at epoch 28 from 34 epochs with the Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 9 × 10-3. The correlation between targets and outputs is confirmed. It validated a close relationship between targets and outputs. The network output errors value approaches zero. Further research is needed with the aim to enlarge the scheme of the ANN model by increasing its input variables. This is one of the major key defining environmental capacities of an airport that should be applied by Indonesian airport authorities. These would institute policies to manage or reduce pollutant emissions considering population and income growth to be socially positive.

A Robust Hybrid Multisource Data Fusion Approach for Vehicle Localization

In this paper, an innovative collaborative data fusion approach to ego-vehicle localization is presented. This approach called Optimized Kalman Swarm (OKS) is a data fusion and filtering method, fusing data from a low cost GPS, an INS, an Odometer and a Steering wheel angle encoder. The OKS is developed addressing the challenge of managing reactivity and robustness during a real time ego-localization process. For ego-vehicle localization, especially for highly dynamic on-road maneuvers, a filter needs to be robust and reactive at the same time. In these situations, the balance between reactivity and robustness concepts is crucial. The OKS filter represents an intelligent cooperative-reactive localization algorithm inspired by dynamic Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). It combines advantages coming from two filters: Particle Filter (PF) and Extended Kalman filter (EKF). The OKS is tested using real embedded sensors data collected in the Satory’s test tracks. The OKS is also compared with both the well-known EKF and the Particle Filters (PF). The results show the efficiency of the OKS for a high dynamic driving scenario with damaged and low quality GPS data.

Determination of the Apparent Gas Permeability in a Macrocracked Concrete

This paper reports on analysis of an expermental study that armed to determine the apparent gas permeability in cracked concrete.There is a lack of research on this topic in the international literature,due to the difficulty of performing reliable experimental testing for gas permeability.The principal interest of this work is to present new and reliable experimental results.Analytical functions between the evolution of the apparent crack permeability and the apparent crack opening are also proposed.These functions appear to be relevant in consideration of Poiseuille theory.

天津市典型道路机动车实际活动水平特征研究

采用实地监测的方法,对天津市典型区域(中心城区、远郊区)、典型道路(快速路、主干路、次干路、支路、集疏港公路)机动车实际活动水平特征进行调查和统计分析。各道路的车流量和车速小时变化趋势均分别呈现出较明显的"M"型和"W"型特征,与人们日常出行规律相符。中心城区同类型道路车流量高于远郊区,同类型道路车速与远郊区基本相当。不同类型道路车队构成存在较大差异,但小型客车仍为各类型道路主流车型,均占80%以上,远郊区货车比例相对较高。集疏港公路具有显著的"潮汐交通"特点,"客货混行"造成"港城交通矛盾"突出。

Effect of Geogenic Lead on Fungal and Collembolan Communities in Garden Topsoil

Geogenic lead (Pb) is considered to be less bioavailable than anthropogenic Pb and exerts less effect on the soil fauna. However,Pb contamination in vegetables has been reported in the case of geogenic anomalies, even at moderate concentrations (around 170 mgkg^(-1)). In this study, we investigated collembolan communities using both taxonomic- and trait-based approaches and observed fungal communities to assess the effects of a moderate geogenic Pb anomaly on collembolans and fungi in an urban vegetable garden soil.Results indicated that geogenic Pb indeed modified fungi communities and altered the functional structure of collembolan communities in garden soils. Although geogenic Pb presented low bioavailability, it affected soil fauna and vegetables similar to anthropogenic Pb.

Stop-and-go waves induced by correlated noise in pedestrian models without inertia

Stop-and-go waves are commonly observed in traffic and pedestrian flows.In most microscopic traffic models,they occur through a phase transition and instability of the homogeneous solution after fine tuning of parameters.Inertia effects are believed to play an important role in this mechanism.In this article,we present a novel explanation for stop-and-go waves based on stochastic effects in the absence of inertia.The model used is a first order optimal velocity(OV)model including an additive stochastic noise.A power spectral analysis for single-file pedestrian trajectories highlights the existence of Brownian speed residuals.We use the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to describe such a correlated noise.The introduction of this specific colored noise in the first order OV model allows describing realistic stop-and-go behavior without requiring instabilities or phase transitions,the homogeneous configurations being systematically stochastically stable.We compare the stochastic model to deterministic unstable OV models and analyze individual speed autocorrelation to describe the nature of the waves in stationary states.We apply the approach to pedestrian single-file motion and compare simulation results to real pedestrian trajectories.The simulation results are quantitatively very similar to the real trajectories.We discuss plausible values for the model parameters and their meaning.