In this work,neodymium(Nd)and samarium(Sm)codoped lead lanthanum zirconate titanate(PLZT)ceramics were prepared by a high-temperature solid-state method.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning ele...In this work,neodymium(Nd)and samarium(Sm)codoped lead lanthanum zirconate titanate(PLZT)ceramics were prepared by a high-temperature solid-state method.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and ferroelectric analysis.Rare earth-doped PLZT ceramics show good phase formation.An appropriate rare earth element doping amount increases the densities of PLZT ceramics and reduces their resistivities,which is due to the role of rare earth elements in grain refinement.However,the increase in the amount of grain boundaries caused by grain refinement also affects domain inversion.Therefore,with increasing doping concentration,the remnant polarization of PLZT gradually decreases,and the doping of rare earth elements also slightly reduces the band gap of PLZT.Under irradiation with an X-ray simulated beta source with a particle energy of 10 keV(between the average energies of the beta particles of^3H and^(63)Ni),the ceramic sheets in this work produce current densities of up to 1.38 nA/cm^2.This indicates that Nd and Sm codoped PLZT ceramics have a certain potential for application in betavoltaic batteries.展开更多
Nuclear engineering materials are required to possess outstanding extreme environmental tolerance and irradiation resistance.A promising novel pyrochlore-type of(Sm_(0.2)Eu_(0.2)Gd_(0.2)Dy_(0.2)Er_(0.2))2 Hf_(2)O_(7)h...Nuclear engineering materials are required to possess outstanding extreme environmental tolerance and irradiation resistance.A promising novel pyrochlore-type of(Sm_(0.2)Eu_(0.2)Gd_(0.2)Dy_(0.2)Er_(0.2))2 Hf_(2)O_(7)high-entropy ceramic(HE-RE2 Hf_(2)O_(7))for control rod was prepared by solid-state reaction method.The ion irradiation of HE-RE_(2) Hf_(2)O_(7)with 400 keV Kr+at 400℃was investigated using a 400 kV ion implanter and compared with single-component pyrochlore Gd2 Hf_(2)O_(7)to evaluate the irradiation resistance.For HE-RE2 Hf_(2)O_(7),the phase transition from pyrochlore to defective fluorite is revealed after irradiation at 60 dpa.After irradiation at 120 dpa,it maintained crystalline,which is comparable to Gd2 Hf_(2)O_(7)but superior to the titanate pyrochlores previously studied.Moreover,the lattice expansion of HE-RE2 Hf_(2)O_(7)(_(0.2)2%)is much lower than that of Gd2 Hf_(2)O_(7)(0.62%),indicating excellent irradiation damage resistance.Nanoindentation tests displayed an irradiation-induced increase in hardness and a decrease in elastic modulus by about 2.6%.Irradiation-induced segregation of elements is observed on the surface of irradiated samples.In addition,HE-RE2 Hf_(2)O_(7)demonstrates a more sluggish grain growth rate than Gd2 Hf_(2)O_(7)at 1200℃,suggesting better high-temperature stability.The linear thermal expansion coefficient of HE-RE2 Hf_(2)O_(7)is 10.7×10-6 K-1 at 298–1273 K.In general,it provides a new strategy for the design of the next advanced nuclear engineering materials.展开更多
In this paper,we briefly reviewed the new non-phosphorous extraction systems proposed according to the different applicational ends.These systems were established by choosing the suitably modified chemical group and t...In this paper,we briefly reviewed the new non-phosphorous extraction systems proposed according to the different applicational ends.These systems were established by choosing the suitably modified chemical group and the corresponding substrate with unique chemical/physical properties.The guiding principle for the foundation of these new systems was to combine the advantages of the substrate and functions of the modified chemical group,majorly the diglycolamide-acid.The induced physical/chemical properties of the substrate and the functions of modified moieties had the potential to import unique traits to the as-founded adsorbent,establishing a task-tailored bi-/multi-functional system.We believe the new systems had the potential to create new adsorption/desorption extraction/bask-extraction paradigms to improve the selectivity and capacity of the extraction/adsorption process,as well as to be more time-efficient and environmentally friendly.展开更多
基金the Independent Deployment Project of Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(2021ZZ109)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC0605000)+2 种基金the Independent Deployment Project of Ganjiang Innovation Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences(E055A002)the Key Deployment Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDRW-CN-2021-3)the Fujian Provincial Natural Fund Project(2021J05101)。
文摘In this work,neodymium(Nd)and samarium(Sm)codoped lead lanthanum zirconate titanate(PLZT)ceramics were prepared by a high-temperature solid-state method.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and ferroelectric analysis.Rare earth-doped PLZT ceramics show good phase formation.An appropriate rare earth element doping amount increases the densities of PLZT ceramics and reduces their resistivities,which is due to the role of rare earth elements in grain refinement.However,the increase in the amount of grain boundaries caused by grain refinement also affects domain inversion.Therefore,with increasing doping concentration,the remnant polarization of PLZT gradually decreases,and the doping of rare earth elements also slightly reduces the band gap of PLZT.Under irradiation with an X-ray simulated beta source with a particle energy of 10 keV(between the average energies of the beta particles of^3H and^(63)Ni),the ceramic sheets in this work produce current densities of up to 1.38 nA/cm^2.This indicates that Nd and Sm codoped PLZT ceramics have a certain potential for application in betavoltaic batteries.
基金supported by the Lingchuang Research Project of China National Nuclear Corporation,the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3504302)the key core technology research project in Beicang District,Ningbo(Grant No.2021BLG009)+4 种基金the key deployment project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.ZDRW-CN-2021-3)the Fujian Provincial Natural Fund Project(Grant No.2021J05101)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(Grant No.2021QNRC001)the independent deployment project of Ganjiang Innovation Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.E055A002)In addition,thanks for the assistance of Jinchi Huang from the School of Energy,Xiamen University for the ion irradiation experiment.
文摘Nuclear engineering materials are required to possess outstanding extreme environmental tolerance and irradiation resistance.A promising novel pyrochlore-type of(Sm_(0.2)Eu_(0.2)Gd_(0.2)Dy_(0.2)Er_(0.2))2 Hf_(2)O_(7)high-entropy ceramic(HE-RE2 Hf_(2)O_(7))for control rod was prepared by solid-state reaction method.The ion irradiation of HE-RE_(2) Hf_(2)O_(7)with 400 keV Kr+at 400℃was investigated using a 400 kV ion implanter and compared with single-component pyrochlore Gd2 Hf_(2)O_(7)to evaluate the irradiation resistance.For HE-RE2 Hf_(2)O_(7),the phase transition from pyrochlore to defective fluorite is revealed after irradiation at 60 dpa.After irradiation at 120 dpa,it maintained crystalline,which is comparable to Gd2 Hf_(2)O_(7)but superior to the titanate pyrochlores previously studied.Moreover,the lattice expansion of HE-RE2 Hf_(2)O_(7)(_(0.2)2%)is much lower than that of Gd2 Hf_(2)O_(7)(0.62%),indicating excellent irradiation damage resistance.Nanoindentation tests displayed an irradiation-induced increase in hardness and a decrease in elastic modulus by about 2.6%.Irradiation-induced segregation of elements is observed on the surface of irradiated samples.In addition,HE-RE2 Hf_(2)O_(7)demonstrates a more sluggish grain growth rate than Gd2 Hf_(2)O_(7)at 1200℃,suggesting better high-temperature stability.The linear thermal expansion coefficient of HE-RE2 Hf_(2)O_(7)is 10.7×10-6 K-1 at 298–1273 K.In general,it provides a new strategy for the design of the next advanced nuclear engineering materials.
基金funded by the national key research and development program of China(No.2019YFC0605000)the strategic priority research program of the Chinese academy of sciences(XDA21000000)+2 种基金the FJIRSM&IUE joint research fund(No.RHZX-2018-001)science and technology service network initiative(2018T3025)the 2020 opening foundation of state key laboratory of Baiyunobo rare earth resource researches and comprehensive utilization(2020Z2117)。
文摘In this paper,we briefly reviewed the new non-phosphorous extraction systems proposed according to the different applicational ends.These systems were established by choosing the suitably modified chemical group and the corresponding substrate with unique chemical/physical properties.The guiding principle for the foundation of these new systems was to combine the advantages of the substrate and functions of the modified chemical group,majorly the diglycolamide-acid.The induced physical/chemical properties of the substrate and the functions of modified moieties had the potential to import unique traits to the as-founded adsorbent,establishing a task-tailored bi-/multi-functional system.We believe the new systems had the potential to create new adsorption/desorption extraction/bask-extraction paradigms to improve the selectivity and capacity of the extraction/adsorption process,as well as to be more time-efficient and environmentally friendly.