When Does Sora Show:The Beginning of TAO to Imaginative Intelligence and Scenarios Engineering

DURING our discussion at workshops for writing“What Does ChatGPT Say:The DAO from Algorithmic Intelligence to Linguistic Intelligence”[1],we had expected the next milestone for Artificial Intelligence(AI)would be in the direction of Imaginative Intelligence(II),i.e.,something similar to automatic wordsto-videos generation or intelligent digital movies/theater technology that could be used for conducting new“Artificiofactual Experiments”[2]to replace conventional“Counterfactual Experiments”in scientific research and technical development for both natural and social studies[2]-[6].Now we have OpenAI’s Sora,so soon,but this is not the final,actually far away,and it is just the beginning.

Prescribed Performance Evolution Control for Quadrotor Autonomous Shipboard Landing

The shipboard landing problem for a quadrotor is addressed in this paper,where the ship trajectory tracking control issue is transformed into a stabilization control issue by building a relative position model.To guarantee both transient performance and steady-state landing error,a prescribed performance evolution control(PPEC)method is developed for the relative position control.In addition,a novel compensation system is proposed to expand the performance boundaries when the input saturation occurs and the error exceeds the predefined threshold.Considering the wind and wave on the relative position model,an adaptive sliding mode observer(ASMO)is designed for the disturbance with unknown upper bound.Based on the dynamic surface control framework,a shipboard landing controller integrating PPEC and ASMO is established for the quadrotor,and the relative position control error is guaranteed to be uniformly ultimately bounded.Simulation results have verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed shipboard landing control scheme.

What Does ChatGPT Say:The DAO from Algorithmic Intelligence to Linguistic Intelligence

THE well-known ancient Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu(老子)or Laozi(6th~4th century BC during the Spring and Autumn period)started his classic Tao Teh Ching《道德经》or Dao De Jing(see Fig.1)with six Chinese characters:"道(Dao)可(Ke)道(Dao)非(Fei)常(Chang)道(Dao)",which has been traditionally interpreted as“道可道,非常道”or"The Dao that can be spoken is not the eternal Dao".

Differences in the Histopathology and Cytokine Expression Pattern between Chronological Aging and Photoaging of Hairless Mice Skin

Skin photoaging is a complex, multifactorial process resulting in functional and structural changes of the skin, and different phenotypes from chronological skin aging are well-recognized. Ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated hairless mice have been used as a skin photoaging animal model. However, differences in morphology and gene expression patterns between UV-induced and chronological skin changes in this mouse model have not been fully elucidated. Here we investigated differences in histopathology and cytokine expression between UV-irradiated and non-irradiated aged hairless mice to clarify the factor(s) that differentiate photoaging from chronological skin aging phenotypes. Eight-week-old HR-1 hairless mice were divided into UV-irradiated (UV-irradiated mice) and non-irradiated (control mice) groups. Irradiation was performed three times per week for 10 weeks. In addition, 30-week-old HR-1 hairless mice were reared until 70 weeks of age without UV irradiation (aged mice). Histopathologies revealed that the flattening of dermal-epidermal junctions and epidermal thickening were observed only in UV-irradiated mice. Decreases in fine elastic fibers just beneath the epidermis, the thickening of elastic fibers in the reticular dermis, and the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans were more prominent in UV-irradiated mice as compared to non-irradiated aged mice. Quantitative PCR analyses revealed that UV-irradiated mice showed an increase in the expression of IFN-γ. In contrast, aged mice exhibited proportional up-regulation of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio, an indicator for the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, was significantly higher in UV-irradiated mice as compared to control and non-irradiated aged mice. An elevated IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was also observed in aged senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 1 (SAMP1) mice, a spontaneous skin photoaging model we recently reported. Thus, an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines might be a key factor to differentiate photoaged skin from chronologically-aged skin.

Drogue detection for autonomous aerial refueling via hybrid pigeon-inspired optimized color opponent and saliency aggregation

Drogue detection is one of the challenging tasks in autonomous aerial refueling due to the requirement for accuracy and rapidity.Saliency detection based on image intrinsic cues can achieve fast detection,but with poor accuracy.Recent studies reveal that optimization-based methods provide accurate and quick solutions for saliency detection.This paper presents a hybrid pigeon-inspired optimization method,the optimized color opponent,that aims to adjust the weight of color opponent channels to detect the drogue region.It can optimize the weights in the selected aerial refueling scene offline,and the results are applied for drogue detection in the scene.A novel algorithm aggregated by the optimized color opponent and robust background detection is presented to provide better precision and robustness.Experimental results on benchmark datasets and aerial refueling images show that the proposed method successfully extracts the saliency region or drogue and exhibits superior performance against the other saliency detection methods with intrinsic cues.The algorithm designed in this paper is competent for the drogue detection task of autonomous aerial refueling.

Doping transition metal ions as a method for enhancement of ablation rate in femtosecond laser irradiation of silicate glass

We present a doping method to improve the femtosecond laser ablation rate and promote ablation selectivity. Doping transition metal ions, Co2＋ or Cu2＋, in silicate glass apparently change absorption spectroscopy and induce resonant absorption at wavelengths of 600 and 800 nm, respectively. Comparing with femtosecond laser processing of the same glass without doping, we find that the threshold fiuenee decreases and the ablation rate increases in resonant absorption in doped silicate glass. Resonant absorption effectively increases multiphoton ionization for seed-free electron generation, which in turn enhances avalanche ionization.

11-Mercaptoundecanoic acid functionalized gold nanoclusters as fluorescent probes for the sensitive detection of Cu^(2＋) and Fe^(3＋) ions

Metal ions are physiologically essential,but excessive metal ions may cause severe risk to plants and animals.Here,we prepared gold nanoclusters（Au NCs） protected by 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid（11-MUA）,which have excellent fluorescence properties for the detection of metal ions.The results showed that the copper ions（Cu^（2＋）） and iron ions（Fe^（3＋）） in the solution have obvious quenching effect on the fluorescence intensity of Au NCs.The detection range of Fe^（3＋） was 0.8-4.5 mmol/L（R^2= 0.992） and 4.5-11.0 mmol/L（R^2= 0.997）.And Cu^（2＋） has a lower linear range（0.1-1.0 mmol/L,R2= 0.993）.When EDTA was added into the reaction system,it was observed that the quenching effect of Cu^（2＋） and Fe^（3＋）on Au NCs showed different phenomenon.Then,the effect of metal ions on the fluorescence of Au NCs was investigated.The selective detection of Cu（2＋） was achieved by EDTA masking of Fe^（3＋）.In addition,we realized the metal ions detection application of Au NCs in the serum

Effects of Austenizing Temperature on Reprecipitation of BN

Most of BN was precipitated around the spherical MnS and formed the compound of MnS and BN during the isothermal treatment at 850 ℃ after austenizing at 950-1050 ℃. Most of MnS was transformed into polygon when austenized at 1 150 ℃ or above, which could not be the nuclei of BN anymore. During the insulation process at 850 ℃, MnS kept the state of monomer. The compound of MnS and BN at earlier time was of fine polycrystalline in spherality and BN was formed as a plate-like monocrystal on a certain part of the polycrystalline when its dimension reached 0.6 μm.

Fiber inline interferometric refractive index sensors fabricated by femtosecond laser and fusion splicing

A fiber inline interferometric refractive index （RI） sensor consisting of a microchannel and a fiber taper is proposed in this letter. The microchannel is fabricated by combining femtosecond laser micromachining and arc fusion splicing. No subsequent chemical etching process is needed. Three sensors with microchannel widths of 4, 8, and 10 μm are prepared. The sensitivity in the RI range from 1.33 to 1.35 is up to -361.29 nm/RIU at the microchannel width of 8 μm. The sensitivity is -20 times greater than that of the paired taper-based MZI sensors and long period fiber grating pair MZI sensors.

High-temperature reflective sensor based on single fusion-splicing f iber taper without coating

A high temperature sensor based on an ultra-abrupt tapered fiber Michelson interferometer fabricated by the fusion-splicing method is proposed. The sensor consists of a single abrupt taper and the cleaved surface is used as the reflection mirror. The thermal characteristic is investigated at 25 to 1000 ℃. The sensitivity of the sensor is observed to vary with the temperature, that is, 25 and 78 pm/℃ at 25 300 and 300 1 000 ℃, respectively. The Michelson interferometer sensors have the advantages of simple structure, cost effectiveness, compactness, and simple fabrication process.

Electroreduction of carbon dioxide to multi-electron reduction products using poly(ionic liquid)-based Cu-Pd catalyst

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR)to multi-electron(>2e–)products provides a green and sustainable route for producing fuels and chemicals.Introducing the second metal element is a feasible strategy for"managing"the key intermediate on Cu-based materials to further improve the CO_(2)RR catalytic performance.In this work,palladium,which promises the generation of CO,was introduced into the poly(ionic liquid)-based copper hybrid(Cu@PIL)to construct a novel Cu-Pd bimetallic electrocatalyst(Cu@PIL@Pd).Remarkably,with a small dosage of palladium(2.0 mol%compared with Cu),a high faradaic efficiency(FE)for C_(2+)products(68.7%)was achieved at–1.01 V(with respect to the reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE),the same below)with a high partial current density of 178.3 mA cm^(-2).Meanwhile,high selectivity towards CH4(FE=42.5%)and corresponding partial current density of 172.8 mA cm^(-2)were obtained on the same catalyst at–1.24 V,signifying a significant potential-dependent selectivity.Mechanistic studies reveal that both copper and palladium oxides are reduced to metallic states during the CO_(2)RR.The presence of the adjoint copper phase and the highly dispersed electrostatic layer promote the generation of CO on the palladium components(both the PdO_(2)phase and the Pd(II)site).Besides,the local CO^(*)was enriched by the significant diffusion resistance of CO in the PIL layer.The spillover of CO^(*)from Pd sites to the adjoint Cu sites,accompanied by the increased local concentration of CO^(*)around Cu sites,accounted for the observed good CO_(2)RR catalytic performance,especially the high C_(2+)product selectivity.