Practice of Glycemic Self-Monitoring in Diabetic Patients Followed at the Endocrinology Department of Donka University Hospital in Guinea

Diabetes is a chronic pathology whose evolution is marked by micro and macroangiopathic complications. Optimal management can prevent the onset of complications and improve patients’ quality of life. Objectives: To determine the frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose and to describe the errors found during self-monitoring in diabetic patients followed at the Endocrinology Department of Donka University Hospital in Guinea. Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study carried out between August and September 2020 involving diabetic patients followed up at the Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of the Donka National Hospital, CHU Conakry. Results: A total of 301 patients were enrolled, with an average age of 44.24 ± 21.01 years. 64.12% were female. Type 2 diabetes predominated in 64% of cases. The mean duration of diabetes was 6.14 ± 4.67 years, and 75.08% of patients lived in urban areas. Patients were on insulin in 36.21% of cases, insulin and biguanides (26.25%), hypoglycemic sulfonamide and biguanides (19.27%) and biguanides in 18.27% of cases. The frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose was 43%, and 38% of patients made errors, notably reusing lancets (60%), not checking the expiration date (55.65%) and not washing their hands (48%). Conclusion: This study shows that self-monitoring of blood glucose is not performed by the majority of patients. Numerous errors were identified during blood glucose testing. Continued therapeutic education on the use of blood glucose meters will help empower patients and improve their quality of life.

Management of Acute Idiopthic Intestinal Invaginal in Infants at Conakry University Hospital

Introduction: Acute intestinal intussusception (AII) has been known for a long time but its diagnosis sometimes remains difficult and its etiologies, particularly the idiopathic forms, poorly elucidated. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects of acute intestinal intussusception in order to contribute to the improvement of the management of this condition in the pediatric surgery department of the Donka National Hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study of patients taken in charge of acute idiopathic intestinal intussusception over a period of 7 years (January 2017 to December 31, 2023). Results: We collected 72 patients operated on for IIA, i.e. a hospital frequency of 1.1% and an incidence of 10.3 cases per year. The mean age was 16.58 months with extremes of 3 months and 28 months. The sex ratio was 12.5 in favor of the boy. The triad of ombredanne dominated the clinical picture and paroxysmal abdominal pain with period of calm represented the main reason for consultation (72 cases) i.e. 100%, followed by vomiting (62 cases) and rectal bleeding (50 cases). Ultrasound was performed in 56 patients visualizing the intussusception sausage in 54 patients or 75%. The most common anatomoclinical variety of intussusception was the ileo-caeco-colic form with 35 cases (or 38%) followed by the ileocolic form 24 cases (33%). The surgical procedure performed was a manual reduction in 54 patients or 75% and an anastomosis resection in 18 patients;the appendectomy of principle was done in 62.25%. The postoperative course was simple in 64 patients or 88.88%. The mortality rate was 6.94 %. Conclusion: AII is a common abdominal surgical emergency in infants. Recognition of the Ombredanne triad especially abdominal pain with a period of calm in children and infants in particular is an important element for vital prognosis. Early diagnosis and close interdisciplinary cooperation between pediatric, radiology and pediatric surgery teams could improve the management of IIA and allow this condition to remain benign in children.

Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy: Epidemiology and Management in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry University Hospital

Introduction: The aim of this study was to contribute to improving the quality of GEUR management in the general surgery department and in the maternity ward of the Ignace Deen national hospital, Conakry University Hospital. Methodology: This was a retrospective, descriptive study lasting two years (January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022), carried out in the general surgery and gyneco-obstetrics departments of the Ignace Deen national hospital, Conakry University Hospital. We included all patients with a ruptured ectopic pregnancy who received surgical treatment during the study period. Results: We collected 13,524 cases of surgical interventions in the two services, among them, we recorded 89 cases or 0.66% GEUR. The average age of the patients was 24.26 years. Brides were the most represented with 80.96% of cases. Women practicing a liberal profession were 51.69% (n = 46) and housewives 26.97% (n = 24). Clinically, amenorrhea was noted in all patients, i.e. 100%, abdominal-pelvic pain in 95.2% (n = 85) of cases, metrorrhagia in 94.08% (n = 84), abdominal-pelvic sensitivity in 97.44% (n = 87) of cases and anemia in 85.39% of cases. The GEUR was ampullary in 69.66% (n = 62) cases. Salpingectomy was performed in 90.72% (n = 81). The surgical outcomes were satisfactory in 98.87% (n = 88) of cases. We recorded one case of surgical site infection. We have not recorded any deaths. The average length of hospitalization was 4 days. Conclusion: GEUR is relatively high in our context. A good understanding of the prognostic factors of GEUR, awareness and family planning could reduce GEUR.

Uterovaginal Prolapse in the Newborn: A Case Report from the University Hospital of Conakry

Uterovaginal prolapse is an exceptional pathology in the newborn. It is defined by the descent and protrusion of the uterus and vaginal walls to the outside via the vaginal orifice. It particularly affects newborns with neural tube defects. The diagnosis is usually made at birth. Different types of conservative or surgical treatment have been suggested for genital prolapse in neonates. We report the case of a newborn of 6 hours of life who was received for congenital utero-vaginal without neural tube closure anomaly. He was successfully treated with digital reduction of the mass associated with a cerclage of the vaginal orifice. Conclusion: Digital reduction of the prolapse associated with a cerclage of the vaginal orifice is simple, effective and avoids any recurrence.

Aetiological Diagnosis of Infertility at Conakry University Hospital: Role of Hysterosalpingography and Pelvic Ultrasound

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the etiologies of infertility and to determine the contribution of hysterosalpingography coupled with ultrasound in the exploration of female infertility at Donka University Hospital. Methodology: This was a prospective descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the Radiology Department of Donka National Hospital over a period of ten (10) months. It involved 78 women who came to the department for hysterosalpingography and/or pelvic ultrasound examinations, as part of the exploration of infertility. Data collection involved the use of pre-established survey forms to gather information on the parameters studied. Sociodemographic parameters, ultrasound and hysterosalpingography results were studied. A correlation was made between age at marriage and infertility to determine whether early marriage has an impact on primary infertility, with a statically significant result for p value greater than 0.05. Results: The mean age of our patients was 33.7 ± 5.6 years, with extremes of 18 and 35 years. The 18-35 age group was the most represented, with a frequency of 80.7%. The 34% of our patients were married before the age of 18, with a marriage duration ranging from 6 months to 15 years. The indication for investigations was dominated by secondary infertility, with a frequency of 65%, followed by primary infertility (35%). All our women underwent ultrasound-hysterosalpingography, i.e. 100%, in search of the cause of infertility. Ultrasound was pathological in 35.8%. The most common ultrasound lesions were myomas and ovarian dystrophies, with 12.8% each. However, hysterosalpingography was pathological in 35%. Tubal obstructions affected almost a third of our women (29.5%), followed by phimosis and tubo-peritoneal adhesions. Conclusion: Diagnostic evaluation of infertility requires a multidisciplinary approach, including collaboration between infertility gynecologists, radiologists and other infertility specialists. Medical imaging remains indispensable in the evaluation of female infertility.

Profile of the Infertile Man at the University Hospital of Conakry (Guinea)

Introduction: Male infertility is defined as the inability of a man to impregnate a woman after 12 months of regular sexual intercourse without contraception. Objective: To improve the state of knowledge on the profile of the infertile man in Guinea. Methodology: We conducted a prospective, descriptive study over a period of 6 months from October 1st, 2020 to March 31st, 2021. Results: We collected an overall number of 71 patients seen onroutine consultation for infertility. They had a mean age of 36.4 years. More than half of our patients were monogamous (79% of cases). Civil servants were the most affected with 38.02% of cases. Primary infertility was dominant in 65% (n = 46) of cases. On clinical examination, varicocele was the most remarkable abnormality with 88.73% (n = 63) followed by testicular hypotrophy with 59.15% (n = 42). Azoospermia was the most frequent sperm abnormality with 22.54% (n = 16) followed by oligospermia with 15.49% (n = 11). Hormonal assessment based on FSH and LH was performed in 16 patients with azoospermia (22.53%). FSH elevation was associated with azoospermia in 6 patients, i.e. 8.45%, azoospermia associated with a normal FSH level accounting for 14.08% in our series. Conclusion: In our practice, male infertility is becoming more and more of a concern due to the increasing number of patients seeking treatment. The scarcity of a medical assistance for procreation unit alongside with more efficient diagnostic means constitutes a handicap for its management.

Ovarian Cancer: Clinical, Therapeutic and Prognostic Aspects at the University Hospital Center of Conakry in Guinea

Background: Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer in women in the world and is the leading cause of death among gynecological cancers. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the clinical, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of ovarian cancer in the both Gynecology-Obstetrics departments Donka and Ignace Deen of the Conakry University Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive study lasting 12 years from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2022, covering the files of patients treated for ovarian cancer in the both Gynecology-Obstetrics departments Donka and Ignace Deen. The study focused on the epidemiological, clinical, histological and therapeutic aspects of the disease. Results: In total, 135 files of patients with ovarian cancer were collected out of the 3821 files of gynecological pathologies recorded in the two departments during the study period, either a frequency of 3.5%. Among gynecological and breast cancers, ovarian cancer represented 9.1%. The average age of the patients was 46.3± 17.8 years and the average parity was 4 ± 3. The revealing clinical signs were dominated by pelvic pain (92.6%) and increased abdominal volume (53.3%). The diagnosis of the disease was made mainly at stages III and IV (71.9%). The most common histological type was serous papillary adenocarcinoma (57.0%). Exclusive surgical treatment was performed in 8.1% of patients, surgery combined with chemotherapy in 63.0% of patients and exclusive chemotherapy in 11.1% of patients. After an average follow-up of 42 months, 29 patients out of the 96 operated on were alive (30.2%), 51 had died (53.1%) and 16 patients were lost to follow-up (16.7%). Conclusion: Ovarian cancer is the third most common cancer in both departments. Diagnosis is often late and the prognosis is poor.

Post-Operative Mortality Analysis in the Urology Department of Conakry University Hospital

Introduction: Death is a major accident which constitutes an element whose evaluation and analysis are necessary in a surgical service. Such a study is especially important in our country where the health structure operates with limited resources and more than half of the population lives below the poverty line. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of post-operative mortality, to describe the main comorbidity factors responsible for this mortality and to identify the main cause of post-operative death in the urology department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital Material and Method: This was a retrospective descriptive study lasting 5 years from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019. It had focussed on all the files of patients operated on at the Urology Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital, either in an emergency or planned and who died in per or post-operative immediately or 30 days later. Results: We recorded 63 cases of post-operative death, or a frequency of 1.84%. The average age was 61.92 ± 16.91 with the extremes of 12 and 91 years. Bladder (20.63%) and prostate tumours (60.3%) were the main admission diagnoses. High blood pressure was the main comorbidity factor found with 38.09% of cases followed by diabetes with 12.69%. Transurethral resection of the prostate, transurethral resection of the bladder and prostate adenocomectomy were the most performed surgical procedure with respective proportion of 19.04%, 20.63% and 38.09%. Probable cause of death were anemia in 25 cases (39.68%), septic in 20 cases (31.75%), heart failure in 6 cases (9.52%), pulmonary embolism in 5 cases (7.94%), obstructive renal failure 4 cases (6.35%) and stroke in 3 cases (4.76%). Conclusion: The majority of deaths occurred in patients over the age of fifty. Anaemia was the main cause of deaths. Difficulties in procuring blood products as well as the lack of modern therapeutic means are factors that make it difficult for patients to adequately manage.

Knowledge of Patients and Their Accompanying Persons about Obliterative Arteriopathy of the Lower Limbs at Conakry University Hospital in 2022

Introduction: Obliterative arterial disease of the lower limbs is a marker of advanced atherosclerosis. It is one of the world’s most common cardiovascular diseases, present in one in five people over the age of 60, and carries an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of patients and their carers about obliterative arteriopathy of the lower limbs at Conakry University Hospital. Material and Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study lasting 3 months, from March 12 to June 12, 2022 in the hospitals of the University Hospital of Conakry (Donka and Ignace Deen). Following free and informed consent, they were interviewed on the basis of a pre-established questionnaire. Socio-demographic data (age, gender, level of education) were collected, and knowledge of obliterative arterial disease of the lower limbs. Results: The study involved 159 people, comprising 106 patients (66.66%) and 53 accompanying persons (33.34%) in the hospitals of the University Hospital of Conakry (Donka and Ignace Deen). The 60 to 79 age group was the most represented (44.7%), with an average age of 55.4 ± 15.9 years and extremes of 20 to 84 years. Half (47.8%) had not attended school, and almost all (96.4%) of those who had attended school had a low level of education (primary and secondary). Almost all of them (91.2%) had never heard of AOMI. Only 5% identified at least one risk factor, diabetes, hypertension and smoking. Amputation was the most frequently identified complication. About 98% did not know that AOMI is associated with myocardial infarction and stroke, and 93.7% did not know of any complications. Almost all the participants (99.4%) had poor knowledge of the following complications. Conclusion: Obliterative arterial disease of the lower limbs could be prevented or delayed by screening and controlling risk factors. Our results show a huge deficit in knowledge of this pathology, including risk factors, preventive measures, clinical signs and complications among patients and their relatives. A study conducted outside the hospital environment would provide a better understanding of the extent to which the general population is unaware of this disease.

Microbiological and Physico-Chemical Analysis of the Waters of the “Mamouwol” Stream in the Urban District of Mamou (Republic of Guinea)

Water is essential to life and to the sustainable socio-economic development of a nation, It is therefore interesting to have a better knowledge of the quality of this water. The aim was to determine the degree of microbiological and physico-chemical pollution of the water of the “Mamouwol” river in the town of Mamou. To do this, we chose four (4) sampling sites spread throughout the town of Mamou. During the month of March (2024), 4 water samples were analyzed to monitor the water quality of this river. The average values of the flora analyzed show that these water are heavily contaminated with bacteria indicative of fecal and metal pollution. This study showed that sites: Mam4;Mam2 and Mam1 contain the highest loads, with Total Coliform counts ranging from 1534 CFU/100 ml to 2100 CFU/100 ml, the number of faecal coliforms varies between 526 and 1240 CFU/100 ml, and that of faecal streptococci between 526 and 841 CFU/100 ml. Metal content, BOD5 and COD all comply with the laboratory’s analysis criteria, although they vary from point to point.

Epidemiological and Hemato-Biochemical Profiles of Diabetic Patients at the Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases Department of the Alpha Oumar Diallo Regional Hospital, Kindia (Republic of Guinea)

This study aims to enhance the healthcare services for diabetic patients in the administrative region of Kindia by suggesting dietary interventions to assist diabetics in better managing their condition. Conducted over a period of six months, from February 18 to July 18, 2021, this prospective and descriptive cross-sectional study involved 220 diabetic patients. Among these, 48 patients (22%) maintained balanced glucose levels (2 g/l). Positive glycosuria was observed in 54% of the patients, whereas 46% demonstrated normal glycosuria. An analysis of urinary parameters revealed that 15% of the patients had abnormal Ketone Bodies. Normal HbA1c levels (9%) HbA1c levels. Hematological assessments indicated significant variation: 56% of the patients had low hemoglobin levels, 4% suffered from hyper-eosinophilia, and 1% each from hyper-basophilia and hyper-hemoglobinemia. The anemic profile was characterized as mild anemia in 75%, moderate anemia in 20%, and severe anemia in 5%. Furthermore, 25% of patients were affected by Microcytic anemia and 75% by Normocytic anemia. Demographically, women constituted 65% of the study group compared to 35% of men. The most represented age bracket was 41 to 60 years, accounting for 52% of the patients, while those between 61 and 80 years comprised 36%. Every district in Kindia was impacted by diabetes.

Risk Factors Recurrence of Spontaneous Ascitic Fluid Infection (Slai) in Cirrhotic Patients

Introduction: After an episode of spontaneous infection of ascitic fluid (ISLA). The recurrence of ISLA at one year is greater than 70%. We studied the risk factors associated with the occurrence of recurrence. Patients and methods: this was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study of patient files, hospitalized in the department for 12 months, the choice of the sample was of convenience. Results: We have 1347 patient files collected including 389 cases of cirrhosis. We had 37 files of cirrhotic patients with ISLA including 28 cures without recurrence of ISLA, 08 files of patients with recurrence of ISLA and 03 excluded, i.e. a hospital prevalence of recurrence of 0.6% and a prevalence in cirrhotic patients of 23.5%. The most common antecedents were: hospital contact recent (35.3%), the concept of iterative ascites punctures (32.3%), the presence of HCC (29.4%), hepatic encephalopathy (20.6%) and digestive hemorrhage (14.7%). In univariate analysis, recent digestive bleeding was associated with an increased risk of recurrence (OR 7.2, 95% CI 0.96 - 67.1). HBV (62.5%) is the main etiology of cirrhosis. The PNN rate at 250 - 499 mm3 (62.5%), the protein level 3 (75%). Patients on secondary prophylaxis with NORFLOXACIN were 25%. Recurrence of ISLA was treated with CEFTRIAXONE 2 g/24 hours. Conclusion: Recurrence of ISLA is serious, the predictive factors for recurrence are, hospital contact recent, the concept of iterative ascites punctures, the presence of HCC, the presence of hepatic encephalopathy and digestive bleeding.

Evaluation of Hepatic Fibrosis and Hepatic Steatosis by Pulse Elastography (FIBROSCAN/CAP) in Asymptomatic Patients about 170 Cases at the Donka CHU National Hospital in Conakry

Introduction: Fibroscan is a recent, non-invasive and non-irradiating diagnostic method. It is based on the principle of ultrasound, which enables liver tissue elasticity to be quantified using a probe, and fibrosis to be assessed. Fibroscan measures both elasticity correlated with hepatic fibrosis and CAP correlated with steatosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate hepatic fibrosis and steatosis using pulse elastometry (Fibroscan/CAP). Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study in which 170 patients were included. It was conducted from October 1 2021 to December 31 2023, i.e. 27 months, in an outpatient clinic in the hepato-gastroenterology department of the Donka national hospital of the CHU Conakry. Results: Of the 170 patients identified, 87 were male (51%) and 83 female (49%), giving a M/F sex ratio of 1.04. The average age of our patients was 40. The 30 - 50 age group was the most affected, with a frequency of 58.23% (n = 99), followed by the 50 age group with a frequency of 29.41% (n = 50). Hepatomegaly, steatotic liver on ultrasonography, transaminase elevation and obesity were the main indications, respectively: (21.76%), (17.65%), (14.71%), and (13.53%). The examinations were requested by hepatogastroenterologists (47.06%), diabetologists (35.88%) and general practitioners (29%). Of the 170 patients, 100 patients (58.82%) had no significant fibrosis F0F1, 39 (22.94%) had moderate fibrosis F2, 20 patients (11.76%) had severe fibrosis F3 and 11 patients (6.47%) had fibrosis F4. Hepatic steatosis: 62 patients (36.47%) had no S0 steatosis;29.41% had S1 steatosis, 20% had S2 steatosis and 24 patients (14.11%) had S3 steatosis. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a normal liver in 67.05% of patients, hepatic steatosis in 29.41% and non-decompensated cirrhosis in 6 cases. Thus, 108 patients had the parameters required to calculate the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), steatosis was present in 20% of our patients, while 29.41% had an undetermined status and 24 14.11% had a normal FLI. Conclusion: Identifying subjects at risk of metabolic steatopathy, diagnosing and managing these patients is a public health issue and one of the future challenges of hepato-gastroenterology. Fibroscan is an increasingly popular screening tool for hepatic fibrosis and steatosis. The fight against obesity must be a priority.

Oesophageal Mycosis: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects and Risk Factors for Occurrence in the Digestive Endoscopy Unit of the Donka National Hospital, Conakry CHU

Introduction: Oesophageal mycosis (OM) is one of the most common opportunistic infections in patients infected with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). However, this condition is increasingly observed in immunocompetent subjects. The aim of this study was to determine the endoscopic prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors for the occurrence of oesophageal mycosis in our department. Patients and Method: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of all patients who underwent oeso-gastroduodenal fibroscopy during the period from 1st January to 31st December 2022, i.e. one year, at the digestive endoscopy unit of the hepato-gastroenterology department of the Donka CHU national hospital in Conakry. All patients found to have oesophageal mycosis by FOGD were included. The endoscopy was performed using appropriate equipment: A Fujinon 4400 video endoscopy column;Three Fujinon EG 590 video gastroscopes;A hoover;Data were collected using a pre-established survey form and analysed using Epi info software version 6.0.4;Pearson’s Chi2 test as a test of independence and the exact 5% threshold ficher test. Results: Out of 1343 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies performed, 107 cases of oesophageal mycosis were found, representing a prevalence of 7.96%. The mean age was 40 years, with a male predominance of 55.42%. The sex ratio M/F was 1.24. The 45 and over age group was the most affected, with a prevalence of 40.43%, followed by the [35 - 45] age group, with a prevalence of 22.43%. Clinical symptoms were dominated by epigastralgia in 74.76% of cases, followed by odynophagia in 37.38% of cases, nausea and vomiting in 28.03% of cases, and pyrosis in 26.16% of cases. Oesophageal mycosis without oesophagitis was the most common endoscopic finding in 70% of cases. The main associated endoscopic lesions were erythemato-erosive and congestive gastropathy in 28.03% of cases, peptic oesophagitis (9.34%) and gastric ulcer (5.60%). The main risk factors found were positive HIV serology in 39.25% of cases, and diabetes in 24.30% of cases, with a statistically significant relationship of 0.02 and 0.01 respectively. Conclusion: Oesophageal mycosis is the most common opportunistic infection in patients with impaired cellular immunity. The prevalence of oesophageal mycosis in our series was 7.96%. This study enabled us to identify the main risk factors for the occurrence of oesophageal mycosis. Our country needs to step up its programme to combat and prevent immunodeficiency diseases, particularly HIV and diabetes.

Sustainable Management of Biodegradable Waste in Guinea: Effect of Compost on Eggplant and Chilli Crop Yields Pepper

The fight against insalubrity in large urban and peri-urban agglomerations is a major challenge in developing countries. This problem is compounded by that of sustainable waste management mechanisms. Indeed, the current waste collection system in Guinea has proved inadequate, as moving garbage from point “A” to point “B” is tantamount to “moving the problem”. The aim of this experimental work is to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness and benefits of sustainable waste management. As part of this drive to valorize biodegradable waste, the Waste Management Research Center has undertaken a series of activities ranging from composting organic waste to testing compost on certain crop varieties. An experimental field of 8024 m2 was laid out and treated with 1500 Kg of fine compost in doses ranging from 2.5 to 5 T/ha. Two crop varieties, eggplant and chili, were tested. Compost application increased production yields: 15 to 21 tonnes of eggplant and 10.4 to 11.1 tonnes of chili per hectare. Growth rates compared with usual yields varied from 50% to 64% and from 11% to 17% for eggplant and chili, respectively. This study resulted in an optimum compost dose of 2.5 T/ha for this phase.

Contribution to Computer Waste Management:Knowledge of the Regulatory Framework by Industry Stakeholders in Guinea

In African countries,regulations on the management of WTE(Waste from Information Technology Equipment)are non-existent or sometimes insufficient,if they exist.This study shows how to mention waste from information technology equipment in a country that does not have a regulatory legislative framework or organized management channels.A methodological approach based on documentary research and semi-directed interviews was adopted in this work.The results showed that 54.55%of institutional managers are unaware of the existence of regulations for the management of WTE,both at the national and international levels;72.72%of these managers do not have a specific implementing text for this management;72.73%of institutions have adopted an acquisition policy based on the needs of workers and 81.82%of institutions store WTE in warehouses.Relations with waste collection SMEs(Small and Midsize Enterprises),especially for IT equipment,are limited for 72.73%of institutions.In terms of improving the capacity to manage WEEE(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment),90.91%of institutions do not offer training or awareness raising.Overall,no significant indicators are in place to assess WEEE management in institutions,which reflects a lack of commitment and awareness among institutional managers.In addition,there are no financial means for ecological and sustainable management.Although 27.27%of managers are aware of the dangers to human health and the environment related to IT equipment,they are often unaware of the harmful consequences of abandoning it in nature.

Assessment of Upper Guinea’s Wind Energy Potential with a View to Identifying Exploitable Sites

As part of the national strategy to further develop the wind energy sector,the eight prefectures of Upper Guinea have been selected.Using meteorological data recorded over thirty years(1991-2021)at a height of 20 m,we assessed wind resources in terms of characteristic speeds,power and available energy.To this end,the Weibull distribution method was used and the following values were obtained:3.66 m/s for the average speed;1,102.83 W/m^(2)for the available power and 8,747.06 kWh/m^(2)/year for the annual available energy.

Study on the Treatment of Reusable Care Equipment in Public and Private Dental Practices in the City of Conakry

Introduction: The effective sterilization of reusable instruments in dental care is a crucial issue for public health. The aim of this study was to contribute to improving the processing conditions of reusable care instruments in dental practices in the city of Conakry. Methods: We carried out an observational and cross-sectional study of a descriptive type lasting three months from January to April 2022 in public and private dental practices approved for activities. Results: A total of 48 dental practices were surveyed, including 7 public and 41 private. 91.67% had the trays for instrument sterilization. 77.08% had a sterilization device. The instruments were: cleaned 100%, disinfected 70.83%, sterilized 20.83% and 20.83% reused the instruments without being sterilized. 72.97% sterilized the instruments at the end of the day. 50% of respondents declared that there were six stages of sterilization. According to standard standards, one dental office or 2.70% respected the normal sterilization process and 13.51% respected the duration and temperature. The storage quality was inadequate at 95.83%. 95.83% of dental practices are at high risk of contamination. The difficulties encountered by staff in daily activity during our study were lack of hygienists (87.50%), insufficient material resources (58.33%), and lack of protocol procedure (45.83%). Conclusion: This study allowed us to note shortcomings of dental surgeons in the process of processing reusable care materials.

Prescription of Antibiotics in Oral-Dental Practice: Case of the Dental Practice at the Coyah Prefectoral Hospital in the Republic of Guinea 2019-2020

Introduction: Antibiotics are medications that have the property of destroying bacteria or preventing their proliferation. The aim of this study is to evaluate antibiotic prescriptions in oral practice: case of the dental office of the Coyah prefectural hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study which took place from August 2019 to January 2020 inclusive, i.e. a duration of six (6) months, during which 400 patients were identified. Results: Our results revealed a frequency of 70% of antibiotic prescriptions. The 16 - 25-year-old age group was the most dismayed, at 47.25% and with an average age of 27.78 years. Men represent 55% compared to 45% of women, i.e. sex ratio of 1.22. Pulp gangrene was the most common pathology in 55% of cases. The most prescribed family was Betalactamine or 61.71% and the most represented molecules were Amoxicillin with 56.10% followed by Metronidazole or 34.16%. And the favorable prognosis was observed in 99% of cases. Conclusion: Prescription should always be based on the benefit-risk ratio. This prescription by practitioners aims to prevent or eradicate infections and pain in order to obtain a good therapeutic result.

Vulvectomy: Indications and Results in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen Chu Hospital in Conakry

Introduction: The aim of this study was to report the indications and evaluate the results of vulvectomy in the general surgery department of Ignace Deen Hospital, CHU Conakry. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study, conducted over a period of five (05) years from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022, in the general surgery department of Ignace Deen Hospital, CHU Conakry. We included in our study all patient records in whom vulvectomy was performed. Results: We recorded 15 cases of vulvectomy out of 453 perineal surgeries, i.e. 3.31%, with a mean age of 43.56 years and extremes of 35 and 69 years. Vulvar cancer was the most common diagnosis (46.67%), followed by Buschke-Lowenstein (33.33%) and anal canal cancer extending to the vulva (20%). Six patients had undergone biopsy (40%). Vulvectomy with lymph node dissection was performed in only 9 patients (60%), and all surgical specimens were sent to anatomical pathology (100%). Conclusion: Vulvectomy is a surgical technique most often indicated for the treatment of vulvar cancer.