Since the publication of Satoshi Nakamoto's white paper on Bitcoin in 2008,blockchain has(slowly)become one of the most frequently discussed methods for securing data storage and transfer through decentralized,tru...Since the publication of Satoshi Nakamoto's white paper on Bitcoin in 2008,blockchain has(slowly)become one of the most frequently discussed methods for securing data storage and transfer through decentralized,trustless,peer-to-peer systems.This research identifies peer-reviewed literature that seeks to utilize blockchain for cyber security purposes and presents a systematic analysis of the most frequently adopted blockchain security applications.Our findings show that the Internet of Things(IoT)lends itself well to novel blockchain applications,as do networks and machine visualization,public-key cryptography,web applications,certification schemes and the secure storage of Personally Identifiable Information(PII).This timely systematic review also sheds light on future directions of research,education and practices in the blockchain and cyber security space,such as security of blockchain in IoT,security of blockchain for AI data,and sidechain security.展开更多
Metaverse describes a new shape of cyberspace and has become a hot-trending word since 2021.There are many explanations about what Meterverse is and attempts to provide a formal standard or definition of Metaverse.How...Metaverse describes a new shape of cyberspace and has become a hot-trending word since 2021.There are many explanations about what Meterverse is and attempts to provide a formal standard or definition of Metaverse.However,these definitions could hardly reach universal acceptance.Rather than providing a formal definition of the Metaverse,we list four must-have characteristics of the Metaverse:socialization,immersive interaction,real world-building,and expandability.These characteristics not only carve the Metaverse into a novel and fantastic digital world,but also make it suffer from all security/privacy risks,such as personal information leakage,eavesdropping,unauthorized access,phishing,data injection,broken authentication,insecure design,and more.This paper first introduces the four characteristics,then the current progress and typical applications of the Metaverse are surveyed and categorized into four economic sectors.Based on the four characteristics and the findings of the current progress,the security and privacy issues in the Metaverse are investigated.We then identify and discuss more potential critical security and privacy issues that can be caused by combining the four characteristics.Lastly,the paper also raises some other concerns regarding society and humanity.展开更多
文摘Since the publication of Satoshi Nakamoto's white paper on Bitcoin in 2008,blockchain has(slowly)become one of the most frequently discussed methods for securing data storage and transfer through decentralized,trustless,peer-to-peer systems.This research identifies peer-reviewed literature that seeks to utilize blockchain for cyber security purposes and presents a systematic analysis of the most frequently adopted blockchain security applications.Our findings show that the Internet of Things(IoT)lends itself well to novel blockchain applications,as do networks and machine visualization,public-key cryptography,web applications,certification schemes and the secure storage of Personally Identifiable Information(PII).This timely systematic review also sheds light on future directions of research,education and practices in the blockchain and cyber security space,such as security of blockchain in IoT,security of blockchain for AI data,and sidechain security.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.1912753).
文摘Metaverse describes a new shape of cyberspace and has become a hot-trending word since 2021.There are many explanations about what Meterverse is and attempts to provide a formal standard or definition of Metaverse.However,these definitions could hardly reach universal acceptance.Rather than providing a formal definition of the Metaverse,we list four must-have characteristics of the Metaverse:socialization,immersive interaction,real world-building,and expandability.These characteristics not only carve the Metaverse into a novel and fantastic digital world,but also make it suffer from all security/privacy risks,such as personal information leakage,eavesdropping,unauthorized access,phishing,data injection,broken authentication,insecure design,and more.This paper first introduces the four characteristics,then the current progress and typical applications of the Metaverse are surveyed and categorized into four economic sectors.Based on the four characteristics and the findings of the current progress,the security and privacy issues in the Metaverse are investigated.We then identify and discuss more potential critical security and privacy issues that can be caused by combining the four characteristics.Lastly,the paper also raises some other concerns regarding society and humanity.
