A prominent contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has restricted local development in social and economic aspects of Zhangye City,located in a typical arid region of China.Our study quantified the...A prominent contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has restricted local development in social and economic aspects of Zhangye City,located in a typical arid region of China.Our study quantified the Water Resource Stress Index(WRSI)from 2003 to 2017 and examined the factors of population,urbanization level,GDP per capita,Engel coefficient,and water consumption per unit of GDP by using the extended stochastic impact by regression on population,affluence and technology(STIRPAT)model to find the key factors that impact WRSI of Zhangye City to relieve the pressure on water resources.The ridge regression method is applied to improve this model to eliminate multicollinearity problems.The WRSI system was developed from the following three aspects:water resources utilization(WR),regional economic development water use(WU),and water environment stress(WE).Results show that the WRSI index has fallen from 0.81(2003)to 0.17(2017),with an average annual decreased rate of 9.8%.Moreover,the absolute values of normalized coefficients demonstrate that the Engel coefficient has the largest positive contribution to increase WRSI with an elastic coefficient of 0.2709,followed by water consumption per unit of GDP and population with elastic coefficients of 0.0971 and 0.0387,respectively.In contrast,the urbanization level and GDP per capita can decrease WRSI by−0.2449 and−0.089,respectively.The decline of WRSI was attributed to water-saving society construction which included the improvement of water saving technology and the adjustment of agricultural planting structures.Furthermore,this study demonstrated the feasibility of evaluating the driving forces affecting WRSI by using the STIRPAT model and ridge regression analysis.展开更多
The four nucleic acid DNA bases(adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine) and ten cis Watson-Crick/Watson-Crick(cis WC/WC) DNA base pairs were investigated by density functional theory(DFT) quantum chemical calculati...The four nucleic acid DNA bases(adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine) and ten cis Watson-Crick/Watson-Crick(cis WC/WC) DNA base pairs were investigated by density functional theory(DFT) quantum chemical calculations. Geometry optimizations were carried out on the four bases and ten base pairs at the B3LYP level with 6-31G^(**) basis set. All the optimizations were performed within Cs symmetry. The optimum structures for the four bases and seven cis WC/WC base pairs were obtained, and Natural Bond Orbital analysis(NBO) was based on these structures. The possibilities of matches between any two of the four bases through their Watson-Crick(WC) edges were discussed. The structures of seven cis WC/WC base pairs change to a certain extent relative to these of the four bases due to the formation of hydrogen bonds. These base pairs existing in DNA have an important influence on the structural stability of the double helix. The analysis of the electronic structures and molecular orbitals for seven cis WC/WC base pairs can provide significant information about the relationship between charge transfer along the hydrogen bond and the Frontier orbitals of these base pairs.展开更多
The palindrome is one class of symmetrical duplications with reverse complementary characters, which is widely distributed in many organisms. Graphical representation of DNA sequence provides a simple way of viewing a...The palindrome is one class of symmetrical duplications with reverse complementary characters, which is widely distributed in many organisms. Graphical representation of DNA sequence provides a simple way of viewing and comparing various genomic structures. Through 3-D DNA walk analysis, the similarity and differences in nucleotide composition, as well as the evolutionary relationship between human and chimpanzee MAGE]CSAG-palindromes, can be clearly revealed. Further wavelet analysis indicated that duplicated segments have irregular patterns compared to their surrounding sequences. However, sequence similarity analysis suggests that there is possible common ancestor between human and chimpanzee MAGE]CSAG-palindromes. Based on the specific distribution and orien- tation of the repeated sequences, a simple possible evolutionary model of the palindromes is suggested, which may help us to better understand the evolutionary course of the genes and the symmetrical sequences.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,China(Grant No.18JR3RA385)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41801079)The authors would like to thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for their detailed and constructive comments,which helped to significantly improve the manuscript.
文摘A prominent contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has restricted local development in social and economic aspects of Zhangye City,located in a typical arid region of China.Our study quantified the Water Resource Stress Index(WRSI)from 2003 to 2017 and examined the factors of population,urbanization level,GDP per capita,Engel coefficient,and water consumption per unit of GDP by using the extended stochastic impact by regression on population,affluence and technology(STIRPAT)model to find the key factors that impact WRSI of Zhangye City to relieve the pressure on water resources.The ridge regression method is applied to improve this model to eliminate multicollinearity problems.The WRSI system was developed from the following three aspects:water resources utilization(WR),regional economic development water use(WU),and water environment stress(WE).Results show that the WRSI index has fallen from 0.81(2003)to 0.17(2017),with an average annual decreased rate of 9.8%.Moreover,the absolute values of normalized coefficients demonstrate that the Engel coefficient has the largest positive contribution to increase WRSI with an elastic coefficient of 0.2709,followed by water consumption per unit of GDP and population with elastic coefficients of 0.0971 and 0.0387,respectively.In contrast,the urbanization level and GDP per capita can decrease WRSI by−0.2449 and−0.089,respectively.The decline of WRSI was attributed to water-saving society construction which included the improvement of water saving technology and the adjustment of agricultural planting structures.Furthermore,this study demonstrated the feasibility of evaluating the driving forces affecting WRSI by using the STIRPAT model and ridge regression analysis.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(No.2016YFB0201404)
文摘The four nucleic acid DNA bases(adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine) and ten cis Watson-Crick/Watson-Crick(cis WC/WC) DNA base pairs were investigated by density functional theory(DFT) quantum chemical calculations. Geometry optimizations were carried out on the four bases and ten base pairs at the B3LYP level with 6-31G^(**) basis set. All the optimizations were performed within Cs symmetry. The optimum structures for the four bases and seven cis WC/WC base pairs were obtained, and Natural Bond Orbital analysis(NBO) was based on these structures. The possibilities of matches between any two of the four bases through their Watson-Crick(WC) edges were discussed. The structures of seven cis WC/WC base pairs change to a certain extent relative to these of the four bases due to the formation of hydrogen bonds. These base pairs existing in DNA have an important influence on the structural stability of the double helix. The analysis of the electronic structures and molecular orbitals for seven cis WC/WC base pairs can provide significant information about the relationship between charge transfer along the hydrogen bond and the Frontier orbitals of these base pairs.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Program No.zyz2012063)
文摘The palindrome is one class of symmetrical duplications with reverse complementary characters, which is widely distributed in many organisms. Graphical representation of DNA sequence provides a simple way of viewing and comparing various genomic structures. Through 3-D DNA walk analysis, the similarity and differences in nucleotide composition, as well as the evolutionary relationship between human and chimpanzee MAGE]CSAG-palindromes, can be clearly revealed. Further wavelet analysis indicated that duplicated segments have irregular patterns compared to their surrounding sequences. However, sequence similarity analysis suggests that there is possible common ancestor between human and chimpanzee MAGE]CSAG-palindromes. Based on the specific distribution and orien- tation of the repeated sequences, a simple possible evolutionary model of the palindromes is suggested, which may help us to better understand the evolutionary course of the genes and the symmetrical sequences.