Genistein:a possible solution for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Neurodegenerative diseases are defined as disorders resulting from the slow and progressive loss of function and eventual death of neural cells that result from the primary pathology of nervous tissue.They can lead to severe nervous system dysfunction,eventually affecting multiple organs and systems.Several hundred neurodegenerative diseases have been described,and owing to their prevalence,severity.

明清徽商与徽州武术文化的发展关系研究

文章通过分析明清时期徽商的兴起、特点及其对徽州武术文化发展的影响力,探讨了徽州武术的历史演变与特色形成,揭示了徽州武术在精神、道德和社会网络层面对徽商的正面作用,以及在二者相互支持、共同发展下对当地社会的影响。文章广泛搜集历史文献与史料,结合历史及社会学视角,为徽商与地方武术文化相互作用的模式提供了新的解读。

Adaptive Optimal Discrete-Time Output-Feedback Using an Internal Model Principle and Adaptive Dynamic Programming

In order to address the output feedback issue for linear discrete-time systems, this work suggests a brand-new adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) technique based on the internal model principle(IMP). The proposed method, termed as IMP-ADP, does not require complete state feedback-merely the measurement of input and output data. More specifically, based on the IMP, the output control problem can first be converted into a stabilization problem. We then design an observer to reproduce the full state of the system by measuring the inputs and outputs. Moreover, this technique includes both a policy iteration algorithm and a value iteration algorithm to determine the optimal feedback gain without using a dynamic system model. It is important that with this concept one does not need to solve the regulator equation. Finally, this control method was tested on an inverter system of grid-connected LCLs to demonstrate that the proposed method provides the desired performance in terms of both tracking and disturbance rejection.

LDNet: A Robust Hybrid Approach for Lie Detection Using Deep Learning Techniques

Deception detection is regarded as a concern for everyone in their daily lives and affects social interactions.The human face is a rich source of data that offers trustworthy markers of deception.The deception or lie detection systems are non-intrusive,cost-effective,and mobile by identifying facial expressions.Over the last decade,numerous studies have been conducted on deception detection using several advanced techniques.Researchers have focused their attention on inventing more effective and efficient solutions for the detection of deception.So,it could be challenging to spot trends,practical approaches,gaps,and chances for contribution.However,there are still a lot of opportunities for innovative deception detection methods.Therefore,we used a variety of machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL)approaches to experiment with this work.This research aims to do the following:(i)review and analyze the current lie detection(LD)systems;(ii)create a dataset;(iii)use several ML and DL techniques to identify lying;and(iv)create a hybrid model known as LDNet.By combining layers from Vgg16 and DeneseNet121,LDNet was developed and offered the best accuracy(99.50%)of all the models.Our developed hybrid model is a great addition that significantly advances the study of LD.The findings from this research endeavor are expected to advance our understanding of the effectiveness of ML and DL techniques in LD.Furthermore,it has significant practical applications in diverse domains such as security,law enforcement,border control,organizations,and investigation cases where accurate lie detection is paramount.

Electronic properties of 2D materials and their junctions

With an extensive range of distinctive features at nano meter-scale thicknesses,two-dimensional(2D)materials drawn the attention of the scientific community.Despite tremendous advancements in exploratory research on 2D materials,knowledge of 2D electrical transport and carrier dynamics still in its infancy.Thus,here we highlighted the electrical characteristics of 2D materials with electronic band structure,electronic transport,dielectric constant,carriers mobility.The atomic thinness of 2D materials makes substantially scaled field-effect transistors(FETs)with reduced short-channel effects conceivable,even though strong carrier mobility required for high performance,low-voltage device operations.We also discussed here about factors affecting 2D materials which easily enhanced the activity of those materials for various applications.Presently,Those 2D materials used in state-of-the-art electrical and optoelectronic devices because of the extensive nature of their electronic band structure.2D materials offer unprecedented freedom for the design of novel p-n junction device topologies in contrast to conventional bulk semiconductors.We also,describe the numerous 2D p-n junctions,such as homo junction and hetero junction including mixed dimensional junctions.Finally,we talked about the problems and potential for the future.

哈萨克斯坦畜牧业产能潜力及中哈畜牧产能合作机遇

分析哈萨克斯坦2016—2020年主要畜禽生产指标表明,其畜牧业产能增长明显;但对比1990年独立前水平可以看出,其畜牧业产能仍处于恢复期。基于可用牧场承载力测算,哈萨克斯坦畜牧业至少具有25%的产能提升潜力。辽阔的牧场、丰富的粮食、强劲的市场需求、较高的行业利润率将有利于哈萨克斯坦畜牧业的产能扩张;但牧场退化、饲料不足、畜牧生产技术和服务落后、小规模分散养殖又制约着其产能潜力的实现。分析表明,中哈畜牧业具有互补性和开展产能合作的共同意愿,中企在哈萨克斯坦牧场恢复、饲料加工、动保产品、设施养殖设备与技术等方面具有比较优势和投资贸易机遇。

艺术实践视阈下的音乐美学研究

音乐美学是研究音乐美的特殊规律的科学,学科研究范围广泛,研究方法多样。以钢琴演奏为例,揭示音乐美学与艺术实践之间的内在联系,主张在音乐学科的基础上,从多学科视角验证音乐美学对艺术实践的指导意义。

整合性神经肌肉训练对慢性踝关节不稳康复与预防的研究进展

在分析整合性神经肌肉训练(integrative neuromuscular training,INT)预防损伤的作用机制和影响慢性踝关节不稳(chronic ankle instability,CAI)康复的神经肌肉危险因素基础上,综合分析INT对CAI的功能康复效果。研究发现,影响CAI康复的神经肌肉危险因素主要包括肌肉激活延迟、肌肉力量失衡、姿势控制障碍和前馈控制减弱。神经肌肉控制能力和本体感觉重建及平衡肌肉力量、加强核心稳定性是INT预防下肢损伤的主要作用机制。INT可以改善CAI患者踝关节功能症状、踝关节位置觉、外翻力量和姿势控制能力,降低踝关节反复扭伤风险。通过分析影响CAI康复的神经肌肉危险因素并制定合理的INT计划,对CAI康复和预防有显著效果。

Molecular pathogenesis and clinical conse-quences of iron overload in liver cirrhosis

BACKGROUND: The liver, as the main iron storage compart-ment and the place of hepcidin synthesis, is the central organ involved in maintaining iron homeostasis in the body. Exces-sive accumulation of iron is an important risk factor in liver disease progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we review the literature on the molecular pathogenesis of iron overload and its clinical consequences in chronic liver diseases. DATA SOURCES: PubMed was searched for English-language articles on molecular genesis of primary and secondary iron overload, as well as on their association with liver disease pro-gression. We have also included literature on adjuvant thera-peutic interventions aiming to alleviate detrimental effects of excessive body iron load in liver cirrhosis. RESULTS: Excess of free, unbound iron induces oxidative stress, increases cell sensitivity to other detrimental factors, and can directly affect cellular signaling pathways, resulting in accelerated liver disease progression. Diagnosis of liver cirrhosis is, in turn, often associated with the identiifcation of a pathological accumulation of iron, even in the absence of genetic background of hereditary hemochromatosis. Iron depletion and adjuvant therapy with antioxidants are shown to cause signiifcant improvement of liver functions in patients with iron overload. Phlebotomy can have beneifcial effects on liver histology in patients with excessive iron accumulation combined with compensated liver cirrhosis of different etiology. CONCLUSION: Excessive accumulation of body iron in liver cirrhosis is an important predictor of liver failure and avail-able data suggest that it can be considered as target for adju-vant therapy in this condition.

Effect of NCPB and VSPL on pain and quality of life in chronic pancreatitis patients

AIM: To compare the effects of neurolytic celiac plexus block (NCPB) and videothoracoscopic splanchnicectomy (VSPL) on pain and quality of life of chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.METHODS: Forty-eight small duct CP patients were treated invasively with NCPB (n = 30) or VSPL (n = 18) in two non-randomized, prospective, case-controlled protocols due to chronic pain syndrome, and compared to a control group who were treated conservatively (n = 32). Visual analog scales were used to assess pain and opioid consumption rate was evaluated. In addition, the quality of life was measured using QLQ C-30 for NCPB and FACIT for VSPL.Although both questionnaires covered similar problems,they could not be compared directly one with another.Therefore, the studies were compared by meta-analysis methodology.RESULTS: Both procedures resulted in a significant positive effect on pain of CP patients. Opioids were withdrawn totally in 47.0% of NCPB and 36.4% of VSPL patients,and reduced in 53.0% and 45.4% of the respective patient groups. No reduction in opioid usage was observed in the control group. In addition, fatigue and emotional well-being showed improvements. Finally, NCPB demonstrated stronger positive effects on social support, which might possibly be attributed to earlier presentation of patients treated with NCPB.CONCLUSION: Both invasive pain treatment methods are effective in CP patients with chronic pain.

Coexistence of hepatocellular carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor:A case report

Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors （GIST） are rare mesenchymal tumors originating from the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. Their coexistence with other tumors originating from other germ layers is unique. We have reported a case of a 63-year-old GIST patient presenting as an epigastric mass associated with hepatic tumor. Histologically, the mesenteric tumor was composed of spindle cells showing both neural and smooth muscle differentiation. Immunohistochemical examination showed positive staining for CDl17, vimentin, S-100, and SMA, while CD34 antigen was negative. The hepatic tumor was diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of GIST and HCC coexistence. The rarity of the case, however, should not lead to ignoring such a possibility in differential diagnosis.

Role of abnormal lipid metabolism in development,progression,diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic cancer

There is growing evidence that metabolic alterations play an important role in cancer development and progression.The metabolism of cancer cells is reprogrammed in order to support their rapid proliferation.Elevated fatty acid synthesis is one of the most important aberrations of cancer cell metabolism.An enhancement of fatty acids synthesis is required both for carcinogenesis and cancer cell survival,as inhibition of key lipogenic enzymes slows down the growth of tumor cells and impairs their survival.Based on the data that serum fatty acid synthase(FASN),also known as oncoantigen 519,is elevated in patients with certain types of cancer,its serum level was proposed as a marker of neoplasia.This review aims to demonstrate the changes in lipid metabolism and other metabolic processes associated with lipid metabolism in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),the most common pancreatic neoplasm,characterized by high mortality.We also addressed the influence of some oncogenic factors and tumor suppressors on pancreatic cancer cell metabolism.Additionally the review discusses the potential role of elevated lipid synthesis in diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.In particular,FASN is a viable candidate for indicator of pathologic state,marker of neoplasia,as well as,pharmacological treatment target in pancreatic cancer.Recent research showed that,in addition to lipogenesis,certain cancer cells can use fatty acids from circulation,derived from diet(chylomicrons),synthesized in liver,or released from adipose tissue for their growth.Thus,the interactions between de novo lipogenesis and uptake of fatty acids from circulation by PDAC cells require further investigation.

Major complications following exenteration in cases of pelvic malignancy:A 10-year experience

AIM： To analyze the major complications after exenteration of gynecological and rectal malignancies.METHODS： Twenty-two patients with gynecological malignancy and 6 with rectal malignancy underwent pelvic exenteration （PE） between 1996 and 2005. PE was performed for primary malignancy in 71.4% of cases （vulvar cancer in 13, cancer rectal in 5, cervical cancer in 1 and Bartholin＇s gland cancer in 1 cases respectively and recurrent malignancy in 28.6% of cases （cervical cancer in 5, ovarian cancer in 1, uterine sarcoma in 1 and rectal cancer in 1 cases respectively）. Posterior PE, total PE and anterior PE were most often performed.RESULTS： Major complications in the operative field involving the urinary tract infection or the wound dehiscence occurred in 12 patients （42.9%）. Early complications included massive bleeding from the sacral plexus, adult respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS）, thrombophlebitis, acute renal failure, urinary bladder dysfunction, ureter damage, re-operation and pulmonary embolus. Urinary incontinence was observed in 2 women as a late complication. In 1 patient a nephrostomy was performed in 1 patient due to extensive hydronephrosis and 1 patient had complications connected with the gastrointestinal tract. The mortality rate was 7%, of which inter-operative mortality accounted for 3.5%. Major complications often occurred in advanced primary vulvar cancer affecting those with recurrent malignancies.CONCLUSION： PE is more beneficial to patients with primary vulvar and rectal cancer than to those with recurrent cancer. Knowledge of the inherent complications and morbidity of PE is essential.

Decreased serum platelet derived growth factor BB levels in acute and increased in chronic pancreatitis

AIM: To examine circulating growth factor concentrations in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP), and walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN).

Decreased serum essential and aromatic amino acids in patients with chronic pancreatitis

AIM:To investigate the influence of chronic pancreatitis(CP) on serum concentrations of amino acids.METHODS:Thirty-five male patients with alcoholic CP and 21 healthy male subjects were examined.Serum concentrations of amino acids were assayed by ionpair high-performance liquid chromatography with mass detection.RESULTS:Serum glutamate concentration was increased in CP patients as compared to controls.In contrast,serum concentrations of glutamine,histidine,tyrosine,proline,tryptophan and threonine were significantly decreased in CP patients.A trend towards decreasing concentrations of serum lysine,alanine,methionine and valine as well as for total serum amino acids was observed.The sum of aromatic and the sum of essential amino acid concentrations were significantly lower in CP patients than in controls.CONCLUSION:CP leads to decreased serum concentrations of several amino acids,such as essential and aromatic serum amino acids,most likely due to decreased exocrine function.

Underexpression of LATS1 TSG in colorectal cancer is associated with promoter hypermethylation

AIM:To investigate large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1 ) expression, promoter hypermethylation, and microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS:RNA was isolated from tumor tissue of 142 CRC patients and 40 colon mucosal biopsies of healthy controls. After reverse transcription, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed, and LATS1 expression was normalized to expression of the ACTB and RPL32 housekeeping genes. To analyze hypermethylation, genomic DNA was isolated from 44 tumor CRC biopsies, and methylation-specific PCR was performed. Microsatellite instability (MSI) status was checked with PCR using BAT26, BAT25, and BAT40 markers in the genomic DNA of 84 CRC patients, followed by denaturing gel electrophoresis. RESULTS:Decreased LATS1 expression was found in 127/142 (89.4%) CRC cases with the average ratio of the LATS1 level 10.33 ± 32.64 in CRC patients vs 32.85 ± 33.56 in healthy controls. The lowest expression was found in Dukes' B stage tumors and G1 (welldifferentiated) cells. Hypermethylation of the LATS1 promoter was present in 25/44 (57%) CRC cases analyzed. LATS1 promoter hypermethylation was strongly associated with decreased gene expression; methylated cases showed 162× lower expression of LATS1 than unmethylated cases. Although high-grade MSI (mutation in all three markers) was found in 14/84 (17%) cases and low-grade MSI (mutation in 1-2 markers) was found in 30/84 (36%) cases, we found no association with LATS1 expression. CONCLUSION:Decreased expression of LATS1 in CRC was associated with promoter hypermethylation, but not MSI status. Such reduced expression may promote progression of CRC.

Simulation of the response of base-isolated buildings under earthquake excitations considering soil flexibility

The accurate analysis of the seismic response of isolated structures requires incorporation of the flexibility of supporting soil. However, it is often customary to idealize the soil as rigid during the analysis of such structures. In this paper, seismic response time history analyses of base-isolated buildings modelled as linear single degree-of-freedom （SDOF） and multi degree-of-freedom （MDOF） systems with linear and nonlinear base models considering and ignoring the flexibility of supporting soil are conducted. The flexibility of supporting soil is modelled through a lumped parameter model consisting of swaying and rocking spring-dashpots. In the analysis, a large number of parametric studies for different earthquake excitations with three different peak ground acceleration （PGA） levels, different natural periods of the building models, and different shear wave velocities in the soil are considered. For the isolation system, laminated rubber bearings （LRBs） as well as high damping rubber bearings （HDRBs） are used. Responses of the isolated buildings with and without SSI are compared under different ground motions leading to the following conclusions： （1） soil flexibility may considerably influence the stiff superstructure response and may only slightly influence the response of the flexible structures; （2） the use of HDRBs for the isolation system induces higher structural peak responses with SSI compared to the system with LRBs; （3） although the peak response is affected by the incorporation of soil flexibility, it appears insensitive to the variation of shear wave velocity in the soil; （4） the response amplifications of the SDOF system become closer to unit with the increase in the natural period of the building, indicating an inverse relationship between SSI effects and natural periods for all the considered ground motions, base isolations and shear wave velocities; （5） the incorporation of SSI increases the number of significant cycles of large amplitude accelerations for all the stories, especially for earthquakes with low and moderate PGA levels; and （6） buildings with a linear LRB base-isolation system exhibit larger differences in displacement and acceleration amplifications, especially at the level of the lower stories.

北京冬奥精神的内涵、时代价值与弘扬路径

运用文献资料、逻辑归纳等方法,阐释北京冬奥精神的内涵和时代价值,并提出弘扬路径。北京冬奥精神的时代价值:丰富中国精神谱系,推动中华体育精神守正出新;凝聚伟大精神合力,为民族复兴提供持久精神动力;彰显大国责任担当,推动人类命运共同体构建。弘扬路径:加强保护工作,赋予无形遗产传承载体;增强生命力,实现精神遗产经久传承;开发教育价值,全面普及奥林匹克教育;践行价值内核,助推冰雪事业高质量发展。

Hard carbon derived from rice husk as low cost negative electrodes in Na-ion batteries

Here,we report the synthesis of hard carbon materials(RH) made from natural rice husk through a single pyrolysis process and their application as an anode in sodium-ion batteries.The studies show that the electrochemical properties of RHs are affected by the treatment temperatures,which determine the materials morphology,in particular,their degree of graphitization and extent of continuous channels(nanovoids).The latter are accessible to sodium ions and significantly contribute to charge storage capacity of the produced anodes.The RHs obtained at 1600 °C deliver the highest reversible capacity of276 mAh g^(-1) mainly due to insertion of sodium ions into the nanovoids.This work deepens the basic understanding of the influence of the carbonization temperature on the sodium storage mechanism.

Liver steatosis correlates with iron overload but not with HFE gene mutations in chronic hepatitis C

BACKGROUND: Liver steatosis and iron overload, which are frequently observed in chronic hepatitis C (CHC), may contribute to the progression of liver injury. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between liver steatosis and iron overload in Polish patients with CHC compared to non- alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and HFE-hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) patients. METHODS: A total of 191 CHC patients were compared with 67 NAFLD and 21 HH patients. Liver function tests, serum markers of iron metabolism, cholesterol and triglycerides were assayed. The inflammatory activity, fibrosis, iron deposits and steatosis stages were assessed in liver specimens. HFE gene polymorphisms were investigated by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: Liver steatosis was associated with obesity and diabetes mellitus. This disease was confirmed in 76/174 (44%) CHC patients, most of whom were infected with genotype 1. The average grade of steatosis was higher in NAFLD patients. CHC patients had significantly higher iron concentrations and transferrin saturations than NAFLD patients. Compared with CHC patients, HH patients had higher values of serum iron parameters and more intensive hepatocyte iron deposits without differences in the prevalence and intensity of liver steatosis. In the CHC group, lipids accumulation in hepatocytes was significantly associated with the presence of serummarkers of iron overload. No correlation between the HFE gene polymorphism and liver steatosis in CHC patients was found. CONCLUSIONS: Liver steatosis was diagnosed in nearly half of CHC patients, most of whom were infected with genotype 1. The intensity of steatosis was lower in CHC patients than that in NAFLD patients because of a less frequent diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. Only in CHC patients were biochemical markers of iron accumulation positively correlated with liver steatosis; these findings were independent of HFE gene mutations.