Effects of High-Intensity Intermittent Training on Metabolic Parameters and Irisin Levels in High-Fat-Fed Rats

Objective:To investigate the effects of high-intensity intermittent training(HIIT)on preventing significant weight gain and provide scientific theoretical support and practical guidance for reducing the occurrence of obesity.Methods:Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups:the control sedentary group(CS),the high-fat sedentary group(HS),the high-fat continuous exercise group(HE),and the high-fat intermittent exercise group(HI).The HE and HI groups underwent five days of continuous low-intensity exercise and eight weeks of high-intensity intermittent exercise.Weekly monitoring included measurements of food intake and body weight.An automatic biochemical analyzer was used to assess blood lipid and glucose levels,while ELISA kits measured serum insulin and irisin content.H&E staining was used to observe adipocyte size.Results:In the HS group,body weight,blood lipid levels,blood glucose levels,and adipocyte size significantly increased,while the QUICKI index decreased.In the HI group,body weight,blood lipid levels,blood glucose levels,and adipocyte size decreased,and the QUICKI index increased.The effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise were superior to those of continuous low-intensity exercise.In the HI group,serum irisin levels did not change significantly after exercise,while in the HE group,there was a slight upward trend in irisin levels.Conclusion:A high-fat diet induced abnormal metabolism in rats.HIIT effectively prevents metabolic abnormalities induced by a high-fat diet,and its effects are more pronounced than those of low-intensity exercise.HIIT stimulates the secretion of blood irisin,affecting secretion levels,and may represent a novel mechanism for maintaining metabolic homeostasis.This has important implications for controlling significant weight gain.

Are Early Embryo Cleavage Kinetics Affected by Energy Substrates in Different Culture Media?

Objective This study aimed to investigate the influence of different culture media on early embryonic cleavage kinetics using time-lapse analysis and to determine the possible relationships between energy substrates in culture media and the cleavage kinetics.Methods A total of 10021 embryos from 1310 couples were cultured in time-lapse incubators.Embryos cultured in Vitrolife media were allocated to group I,and those in COOK media to group II.Embryo cleavage time points up to the 8-cell stage(t2–t8)were observed after pronuclei fading.Results The baseline demographic features,in vitro fertilization indications,ovarian stimulation protocol,oocyte-cumulus complexes,fertilization rate,together with pregnancy and perinatal outcomes were similar(P>0.05)between groups I and II.According to the time-lapse analysis,all embryos in group I showed significantly faster cleavage speed than those in group II(P<0.05).Furthermore,there was better synchrony in division(s3)and a longer length of the third cell cycle duration(cc3)in group II.Interestingly,implanted embryos in group II showed faster cleavage speed than those in group I,especially at t4 and t7.The glucose contents and multiple major amino acids were similar between the two groups.Lactic and pyruvic acid contents were generally higher in group I than those in group II.Conclusion Because different commercial culture media may influence cleavage kinetics of embryos,it is essential for embryologists to take culture media into consideration in selecting a potential embryo when using a time-lapse system before implantation.

Physical exercise,Sedentary Behaviour,Sleep and Depression Symptoms in Chinese Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic:A Compositional Isotemporal Analysis

Numerous studies links movement activity(e.g.,physical activity,sedentary behavior[SB],and sleep)with mental health or illness indicators during the COVID-19 pandemic;however,research has typically examined time-use behaviors independently,rather than considering daily activity as a 24-hour time-use composition.This cross-sec-tional study aimed to use compositional isotemporal analysis to estimate the association between reallocation of time-use behaviors and depression symptoms in young adults in China.Participants(n=1475;68.0%of female;20.7[1.60]years)reported their time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA),light physical activ-ity(LPA),SB,and sleep.Replacing SB with sleep,LPA,and MVPA at 5,10,or 15 min was significantly associated with lower estimated depression symptoms scores.For example,adding MVPA from SB at 15 min was associated with lower depression symptoms scores(estimated difference:-0.13[-0.17,-0.09]).The associations between reallocation of time use behaviors with depression symptoms scores were slightly differentiated.Our results emphasize the importance of increased MVPA and decreased SB as well as their mutual replacements for lowering the risks of depression symptoms in young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.Our results can inform policy to develop effective plans and strategies for mental health promotion.

Imagery perspective among young athletes: Differentiation between external and internal visual imagery

Purpose： This study aimed to investigate the construct of external visual imagery （EVI） vs. internal visual imagery （IV/） by comparing the athletes＇ imagery ability with their levels of skill and types of sports. Methods： Seventy-two young athletes in open （n = 45） or closed （n = 27） sports and with different skill levels completed 2 custom-designed tasks. The EVI task involved the subject generating and visualizing the rotated images of different body parts, whereas the IVI task involved the subject visualizing himself or herself performing specific movements. Results： The significant Skill-Level x Sport Type interactions for the EVI task revealed that participants who specialized in open sports and had higher skill-levels had a higher accuracy rate as compared to the other subgroups. For the IVI task, the differences between the groups were less clear： those with higher skill-levels or open sports had a higher accuracy rate than those with lower skill-levels or closed sports. Conclusion： EVI involves the visualization of others and the environment, and would be relevant to higher skill-level athletes who engage in open sports. IVI, in contrast, tends to be more self-oriented and would be relevant for utilization by higher skill-level athletes regardless of sport type.

Research on Project-Driven Alliance between Colleges and Enterprise Teaching Mode and the Applications on Contemporary Vocational Education

In this paper, we conduct research on the project-driven alliance between the college and enterprise teaching mode and the applications on the contemporary vocational education. To achieve the aim of higher education popularization in our country, to vigorously develop vocational education is the important way. Higher vocational education for national and local economic development is the purpose of training the production, construction, management and service first line need to cultivate high quality personnel. Higher vocational education is the social demand as the primary guidance of employment education, cultivate the students should be a technology applied talents with skills. Our research proposes the novel guideline to deal with the mentioned issues which is applicable.