In order to identify the principal factors influencing soil water characteristics （SWC） and evaluate SWC effectively, the multivariate-statistical canonical correlation analysis （CCA） method was used to study and ...In order to identify the principal factors influencing soil water characteristics （SWC） and evaluate SWC effectively, the multivariate-statistical canonical correlation analysis （CCA） method was used to study and analyze the correlation between SWC and soil physical and chemical properties. Twenty-two soil samples were taken from 11 main tobacco-growing areas in Guizhou Province in China and the soil water characteristic curves （SWCC） and basic physical and chemical properties of the soil samples were determined. The results show that： （1） The soil bulk density, soil total porosity and soil capillary porosity have significant effects on SWC of tobacco fiels. Bulk density and total porosity are positively correlated with soil water retention characteristics （SWRC）, and soil capillary porosity is positively correlated with soil water supply characteristics （SWSC）. （2） Soil samples from different soil layers at the same soil sampling point show similarity or consistency in SWC. Inadequate soil water supply capability and imbalance between SWRC and SWSC are problems of tobacco soil. （3） The SWC of loamy clay are generally superior to those of silty clay loam.展开更多
Due to the absence of acquired immunity,insects primarily rely on their innate immune system to resist pathogenic microorganisms and parasitoids in natural habitats.This innate immune system can be classified into cel...Due to the absence of acquired immunity,insects primarily rely on their innate immune system to resist pathogenic microorganisms and parasitoids in natural habitats.This innate immune system can be classified into cellular immunity and humoral immunity.Cellular immunity is mediated by hemocytes,which perform phagocytosis,aggregation,and encapsulation to fight against invaders,whereas the humoral immunity primarily activates the immune signaling pathways and induces the generation of immune effectors.Existing studies have revealed that the hemipteran aphids lack some crucial immune genes compared to other insect species,indicating the different immune mechanisms in aphids.The current review summarizes the adverse impacts of pathogenic microorganisms and parasitoids on aphids,introduces the cellular and humoral immune systems in insects,and analyzes the differences between aphids and other insect species.Furthermore,our review also discussed the existing prospects and challenges in aphid immunity research,and proposed the potential application of immune genes in green pest management.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key High-Tech Program (863) of China (Grant No. 2006AA10Z271)the Key Project of the Guizhou Tobacco Monopoly Administration (2007-7)
文摘In order to identify the principal factors influencing soil water characteristics （SWC） and evaluate SWC effectively, the multivariate-statistical canonical correlation analysis （CCA） method was used to study and analyze the correlation between SWC and soil physical and chemical properties. Twenty-two soil samples were taken from 11 main tobacco-growing areas in Guizhou Province in China and the soil water characteristic curves （SWCC） and basic physical and chemical properties of the soil samples were determined. The results show that： （1） The soil bulk density, soil total porosity and soil capillary porosity have significant effects on SWC of tobacco fiels. Bulk density and total porosity are positively correlated with soil water retention characteristics （SWRC）, and soil capillary porosity is positively correlated with soil water supply characteristics （SWSC）. （2） Soil samples from different soil layers at the same soil sampling point show similarity or consistency in SWC. Inadequate soil water supply capability and imbalance between SWRC and SWSC are problems of tobacco soil. （3） The SWC of loamy clay are generally superior to those of silty clay loam.
基金supported by the Major Project of China National Tobacco Corporation(110202201020(LS-04))National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1401800 and 2023YFD1700304).
文摘Due to the absence of acquired immunity,insects primarily rely on their innate immune system to resist pathogenic microorganisms and parasitoids in natural habitats.This innate immune system can be classified into cellular immunity and humoral immunity.Cellular immunity is mediated by hemocytes,which perform phagocytosis,aggregation,and encapsulation to fight against invaders,whereas the humoral immunity primarily activates the immune signaling pathways and induces the generation of immune effectors.Existing studies have revealed that the hemipteran aphids lack some crucial immune genes compared to other insect species,indicating the different immune mechanisms in aphids.The current review summarizes the adverse impacts of pathogenic microorganisms and parasitoids on aphids,introduces the cellular and humoral immune systems in insects,and analyzes the differences between aphids and other insect species.Furthermore,our review also discussed the existing prospects and challenges in aphid immunity research,and proposed the potential application of immune genes in green pest management.
