Managing severe burns remains problematic due to the lack of specialized units, but also because of the delay in implementing emergency care. The aim is to show that an adapted strategy, can lead to satisfying managem...Managing severe burns remains problematic due to the lack of specialized units, but also because of the delay in implementing emergency care. The aim is to show that an adapted strategy, can lead to satisfying management of chemical burns. The authors report retrospectively the case of a patient admitted for chemical burns, and treated in a non-specialized intensive care unit;a 38 years old male, referred for burns by sulfuric acid at his workplace. On admission to H15, the clinic did not reveal any vital organs failure. Burns were localized on two legs and soles of the two feet (18% TBSA). Treatment combined daily dressings with silver sulfadiazine. On day 14, the wound healing associated occlusive gauze dressing, iodine cream application, and mechanical debridement. On day 47, a 5% dermal autograft performed on right foot favored with good attachment grafts. On day 58, the patient was released after complete skin recovery. Then, in a non-specialized burn unit and without early surgery access, our wound healing adapted strategy was successful. In Senegal, chemical burns represent about 2.5% of burn cases. They are often from accidents on occupation job, while generally in Africa chemical burns result from criminal attacks. Patients with severe lesions are admitted in non-specialized environments after an extended time of transfer, and don’t have efficient initial care. This may explain the high morbidity and mortality after burns in our country. The lack of surgical facilities such as skin substitutes, in non-specialized unit on low or median income countries (LMICs), explains this long period of wound healing. The treatment of severe burn in LMICs is hazardous.展开更多
Since HPD in combination with light for treatment of malignancy was used by Dougherty et al. (1978), recent progress of photodynamic therapy using laser as light source to excite HPD both in diagnosis and therapy of c...Since HPD in combination with light for treatment of malignancy was used by Dougherty et al. (1978), recent progress of photodynamic therapy using laser as light source to excite HPD both in diagnosis and therapy of cancer is currently receiving consid-展开更多
Hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) photosensitization therapy both for diagnosis and cure of solid neoplasms has been shown to be hopeful. So far some molecular mechanisms of HPD-photosensitization have been reported....Hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) photosensitization therapy both for diagnosis and cure of solid neoplasms has been shown to be hopeful. So far some molecular mechanisms of HPD-photosensitization have been reported. A single oxygen (1O2) mechanism is generally thought to be predominar, but contributions from a free展开更多
WOLFF PARKINSON and WHITE (WPW) syndrome is the most common form of pre-excitation. It is associated in some cases with atrial fibrillation with a high risk of sudden death. We report the case of a 64-year-old hyperte...WOLFF PARKINSON and WHITE (WPW) syndrome is the most common form of pre-excitation. It is associated in some cases with atrial fibrillation with a high risk of sudden death. We report the case of a 64-year-old hypertensive woman with a history of ischemic stroke. She presented with hyperkinetic palpitations without hemodynamics instability on admission. The electrocardiogram recorded a complete tachyarrhythmia by pre-excitation atrial fibrillation, with a mean rate of 300 beats per minute. Electrophysiological investigation revealed an accessory pathway located at the ostium of the coronary sinus, which was successfully ablated by radiofrequency. A drug treatment based on flecaine 100 mg was introduced. The patient was asymptomatic after one month of outpatient follow-up.展开更多
Multiple myeloma (MM) is both a complex and heterogeneous disease. Cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities lead to resistance to treatment and transformation to plasma cell leukemia, which is defined by the presence i...Multiple myeloma (MM) is both a complex and heterogeneous disease. Cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities lead to resistance to treatment and transformation to plasma cell leukemia, which is defined by the presence in circulating blood of plasma cells over 2 G/L, or more than 20% of leukocytes. It is an uncommon hematological malignancy with a poor prognosis. Against this backdrop, we report an observation of multiple myeloma transformed into plasma cell leukemia diagnosed at the Hôpital Principal de Dakar (HPD) that occurred on a 64-year-old man with a history of thyroidectomy followed for multiple myeloma presenting with Salmon et Durie stage IIIA and ISS stage I. Despite a marked improvement in management strategy, myeloma remains an almost invariably incurable disease. However, the development of genetic and molecular biomarkers is necessary to improve its prognosis.展开更多
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is linked to inappropriate stimulation of macrophage cells in the bone marrow and lymphoid system, resulting in abnormal phagocytosis of figurative blood elements and the release o...Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is linked to inappropriate stimulation of macrophage cells in the bone marrow and lymphoid system, resulting in abnormal phagocytosis of figurative blood elements and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is a rare and serious hyper-inflammatory condition of diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. MAS is characterized by non-specific clinical and laboratory signs associated with images of hemophagocytosis. MAS is either “primary” (familial or pediatric forms), or “secondary/reactive” to infection, neoplasia, or autoimmune disease. Hemopathies dominate MAS secondary to neoplasia. B-type acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the proliferation and accumulation of B lymphoid progenitors, blocked at an early stage of differentiation, leading to suppression of polyclonal hematopoiesis and subsequent development of signs associated with bone marrow failure. In this context, we report the observation of a macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) associated with ALL, diagnosed at Hôpital Principal de Dakar/Senegal, in a 69-year-old patient with a well-controlled type 2 diabetes under oral antidiabetic therapy (OAD) and good general condition.展开更多
<strong>Aims:</strong><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""><strong> </strong>To determine the cardiovascular and cerebrovascula...<strong>Aims:</strong><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""><strong> </strong>To determine the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular prognosis at 5 years of patients who underwent an ischemic stroke in Senegal. <b>Methods:</b> We performed a descriptive, retrospective and exhaustive study conducted at Principal Hospital of Dakar. We included all patients hospitalized at Principal Hospital of Dakar from 2013 to 201</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">9</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> for an ischemic stroke confirmed by a cerebral CT-Scanner or by magnetic resonance imaging, and who survived the acute phase. <b>Results: </b>Overall, one</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">hundred and seventy-one (171) patients were gathered. Ninety-six (96) male patients account for 56.14% and seventy-five (75) female patients account for 43.86%</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> with a sex</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">ratio of 1.28. Patients’mean age was 66.33 ±</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""></span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">13.99 years. Twenty-one (21) young patients (12.35%), aged less than 50 years, presented with an ischemic stroke. Myocardial infarction was found in a female patient (0</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">.</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">6%) 3 months after she experienced an ischemic stroke, nine (9) patients (5.29%) underwent a recurrence of the ischemic stroke with a mean recurrence period of 8 months and extremes rang</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">ing</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> from 1 to 24 months. Five (5) patients (2.92%) developed dementia with a score less than 28. A 30 years old patient presented with epilepsy 12 months after the ischemic stroke accounting </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">for </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">0.58%. We registered ninety (90) deaths that occurred in a mean period of 24 months ±</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">9.8 after they presented their ischemic stroke, standing for 52.63% amongst which thirty</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">five (35) accounting for 39% were female patients and fifty</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">five patients (55) representing 61% were male patients. Mortality-related factors included: advanced age, past medical history of heart surgery, known </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">as </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">dys</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">lipidemia, physical inactivity, obesity and recurrent ischemic stroke. <b>Conclusion:</b> Long</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">term prognosis of ischemic stroke remains unclear in Senegal. </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">Therefore</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> a strategy for primary prevention is highly crucial and </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">it </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">requires the control of risk factors in general and that of high blood pressure in particular.</span>展开更多
For precise and accurate patient dose delivery,the dosimetry system must be calibrated properly according to the recommendations of standard dosimetry protocols such as TG-51 and TRS-398. However, the dosimetry protoc...For precise and accurate patient dose delivery,the dosimetry system must be calibrated properly according to the recommendations of standard dosimetry protocols such as TG-51 and TRS-398. However, the dosimetry protocol followed by a calibration laboratory is usually different from the protocols that are followed by different clinics, which may result in variations in the patient dose.Our prime objective in this study was to investigate the effect of the two protocols on dosimetry measurements.Dose measurements were performed for a Co-60 teletherapy unit and a high-energy Varian linear accelerator with 6 and 15 MV photon and 6, 9, 12, and 15 MeV electron beams, following the recommendations and procedures of the AAPM TG-51 and IAEA TRS-398 dosimetry protocols. The dosimetry systems used for this study were calibrated in a Co-60 radiation beam at the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory(SSDL) PINSTECH,Pakistan, following the IAEA TRS-398 protocol. The ratio of the measured absorbed doses to water in clinical setting,D_w(TG-51/TRS-398), was 0.999 and 0.997 for 6 and15 MV photon beams,whereas these ratios were 1.013,1.009, 1.003, and 1.000 for 6, 9, 12, and 15 MeV electron beams, respectively. This difference in the absorbed dosesto-water D_w ratio may be attributed mainly due to beam quality(K_Q) and ion recombination correction factor.展开更多
Six different solutions of 6M NaOH, containing different amounts of Na2CO3 at 70℃ were used for the revelation of latent damage trails in CR-39 plastic track detectors. These detectors were earlier exposed to fission...Six different solutions of 6M NaOH, containing different amounts of Na2CO3 at 70℃ were used for the revelation of latent damage trails in CR-39 plastic track detectors. These detectors were earlier exposed to fission fragments from ^252 Cf source for 30 min in vacuum and were then etched in the respective solutions for different etching time intervals of 5-20 min starting from 5min up to 160min. The etch induction time in each detector was obtained by extrapolating the intersection of resulting curves of track lengths and track diameters with the time axis.展开更多
文摘Managing severe burns remains problematic due to the lack of specialized units, but also because of the delay in implementing emergency care. The aim is to show that an adapted strategy, can lead to satisfying management of chemical burns. The authors report retrospectively the case of a patient admitted for chemical burns, and treated in a non-specialized intensive care unit;a 38 years old male, referred for burns by sulfuric acid at his workplace. On admission to H15, the clinic did not reveal any vital organs failure. Burns were localized on two legs and soles of the two feet (18% TBSA). Treatment combined daily dressings with silver sulfadiazine. On day 14, the wound healing associated occlusive gauze dressing, iodine cream application, and mechanical debridement. On day 47, a 5% dermal autograft performed on right foot favored with good attachment grafts. On day 58, the patient was released after complete skin recovery. Then, in a non-specialized burn unit and without early surgery access, our wound healing adapted strategy was successful. In Senegal, chemical burns represent about 2.5% of burn cases. They are often from accidents on occupation job, while generally in Africa chemical burns result from criminal attacks. Patients with severe lesions are admitted in non-specialized environments after an extended time of transfer, and don’t have efficient initial care. This may explain the high morbidity and mortality after burns in our country. The lack of surgical facilities such as skin substitutes, in non-specialized unit on low or median income countries (LMICs), explains this long period of wound healing. The treatment of severe burn in LMICs is hazardous.
基金Supported by the State Scientific and Technological Commission of China
文摘Since HPD in combination with light for treatment of malignancy was used by Dougherty et al. (1978), recent progress of photodynamic therapy using laser as light source to excite HPD both in diagnosis and therapy of cancer is currently receiving consid-
文摘Hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) photosensitization therapy both for diagnosis and cure of solid neoplasms has been shown to be hopeful. So far some molecular mechanisms of HPD-photosensitization have been reported. A single oxygen (1O2) mechanism is generally thought to be predominar, but contributions from a free
文摘WOLFF PARKINSON and WHITE (WPW) syndrome is the most common form of pre-excitation. It is associated in some cases with atrial fibrillation with a high risk of sudden death. We report the case of a 64-year-old hypertensive woman with a history of ischemic stroke. She presented with hyperkinetic palpitations without hemodynamics instability on admission. The electrocardiogram recorded a complete tachyarrhythmia by pre-excitation atrial fibrillation, with a mean rate of 300 beats per minute. Electrophysiological investigation revealed an accessory pathway located at the ostium of the coronary sinus, which was successfully ablated by radiofrequency. A drug treatment based on flecaine 100 mg was introduced. The patient was asymptomatic after one month of outpatient follow-up.
文摘Multiple myeloma (MM) is both a complex and heterogeneous disease. Cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities lead to resistance to treatment and transformation to plasma cell leukemia, which is defined by the presence in circulating blood of plasma cells over 2 G/L, or more than 20% of leukocytes. It is an uncommon hematological malignancy with a poor prognosis. Against this backdrop, we report an observation of multiple myeloma transformed into plasma cell leukemia diagnosed at the Hôpital Principal de Dakar (HPD) that occurred on a 64-year-old man with a history of thyroidectomy followed for multiple myeloma presenting with Salmon et Durie stage IIIA and ISS stage I. Despite a marked improvement in management strategy, myeloma remains an almost invariably incurable disease. However, the development of genetic and molecular biomarkers is necessary to improve its prognosis.
文摘Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is linked to inappropriate stimulation of macrophage cells in the bone marrow and lymphoid system, resulting in abnormal phagocytosis of figurative blood elements and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is a rare and serious hyper-inflammatory condition of diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. MAS is characterized by non-specific clinical and laboratory signs associated with images of hemophagocytosis. MAS is either “primary” (familial or pediatric forms), or “secondary/reactive” to infection, neoplasia, or autoimmune disease. Hemopathies dominate MAS secondary to neoplasia. B-type acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the proliferation and accumulation of B lymphoid progenitors, blocked at an early stage of differentiation, leading to suppression of polyclonal hematopoiesis and subsequent development of signs associated with bone marrow failure. In this context, we report the observation of a macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) associated with ALL, diagnosed at Hôpital Principal de Dakar/Senegal, in a 69-year-old patient with a well-controlled type 2 diabetes under oral antidiabetic therapy (OAD) and good general condition.
文摘<strong>Aims:</strong><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""><strong> </strong>To determine the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular prognosis at 5 years of patients who underwent an ischemic stroke in Senegal. <b>Methods:</b> We performed a descriptive, retrospective and exhaustive study conducted at Principal Hospital of Dakar. We included all patients hospitalized at Principal Hospital of Dakar from 2013 to 201</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">9</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> for an ischemic stroke confirmed by a cerebral CT-Scanner or by magnetic resonance imaging, and who survived the acute phase. <b>Results: </b>Overall, one</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">hundred and seventy-one (171) patients were gathered. Ninety-six (96) male patients account for 56.14% and seventy-five (75) female patients account for 43.86%</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> with a sex</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">ratio of 1.28. Patients’mean age was 66.33 ±</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""></span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">13.99 years. Twenty-one (21) young patients (12.35%), aged less than 50 years, presented with an ischemic stroke. Myocardial infarction was found in a female patient (0</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">.</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">6%) 3 months after she experienced an ischemic stroke, nine (9) patients (5.29%) underwent a recurrence of the ischemic stroke with a mean recurrence period of 8 months and extremes rang</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">ing</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> from 1 to 24 months. Five (5) patients (2.92%) developed dementia with a score less than 28. A 30 years old patient presented with epilepsy 12 months after the ischemic stroke accounting </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">for </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">0.58%. We registered ninety (90) deaths that occurred in a mean period of 24 months ±</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">9.8 after they presented their ischemic stroke, standing for 52.63% amongst which thirty</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">five (35) accounting for 39% were female patients and fifty</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">five patients (55) representing 61% were male patients. Mortality-related factors included: advanced age, past medical history of heart surgery, known </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">as </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">dys</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">lipidemia, physical inactivity, obesity and recurrent ischemic stroke. <b>Conclusion:</b> Long</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">term prognosis of ischemic stroke remains unclear in Senegal. </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">Therefore</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> a strategy for primary prevention is highly crucial and </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">it </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">requires the control of risk factors in general and that of high blood pressure in particular.</span>
文摘For precise and accurate patient dose delivery,the dosimetry system must be calibrated properly according to the recommendations of standard dosimetry protocols such as TG-51 and TRS-398. However, the dosimetry protocol followed by a calibration laboratory is usually different from the protocols that are followed by different clinics, which may result in variations in the patient dose.Our prime objective in this study was to investigate the effect of the two protocols on dosimetry measurements.Dose measurements were performed for a Co-60 teletherapy unit and a high-energy Varian linear accelerator with 6 and 15 MV photon and 6, 9, 12, and 15 MeV electron beams, following the recommendations and procedures of the AAPM TG-51 and IAEA TRS-398 dosimetry protocols. The dosimetry systems used for this study were calibrated in a Co-60 radiation beam at the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory(SSDL) PINSTECH,Pakistan, following the IAEA TRS-398 protocol. The ratio of the measured absorbed doses to water in clinical setting,D_w(TG-51/TRS-398), was 0.999 and 0.997 for 6 and15 MV photon beams,whereas these ratios were 1.013,1.009, 1.003, and 1.000 for 6, 9, 12, and 15 MeV electron beams, respectively. This difference in the absorbed dosesto-water D_w ratio may be attributed mainly due to beam quality(K_Q) and ion recombination correction factor.
文摘Six different solutions of 6M NaOH, containing different amounts of Na2CO3 at 70℃ were used for the revelation of latent damage trails in CR-39 plastic track detectors. These detectors were earlier exposed to fission fragments from ^252 Cf source for 30 min in vacuum and were then etched in the respective solutions for different etching time intervals of 5-20 min starting from 5min up to 160min. The etch induction time in each detector was obtained by extrapolating the intersection of resulting curves of track lengths and track diameters with the time axis.