Spatial transcriptomics reveals that metabolic characteristics define the tumor immunosuppression microenvironment via iCAF transformation in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Tumor progression is closely related to tumor tissue metabolism and reshaping of the microenvironment. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a representative hypoxic tumor, has a heterogeneous internal metabolic environment. To clarify the relationship between different metabolic regions and the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) in OSCC, Single cell (SC) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) sequencing of OSCC tissues were performed. The proportion of TME in the ST data was obtained through SPOTlight deconvolution using SC and GSE103322 data. The metabolic activity of each spot was calculated using scMetabolism,and k-means clustering was used to classify all spots into hyper-, normal-, or hypometabolic regions. CD4T cell infiltration and TGF-βexpression is higher in the hypermetabolic regions than in the others. Through CellPhoneDB and NicheNet cell-cell communication analysis, it was found that in the hypermetabolic region, fibroblasts can utilize the lactate produced by glycolysis of epithelial cells to transform into inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts (iCAFs), and the increased expression of HIF1A in iCAFs promotes the transcriptional expression of CXCL12. The secretion of CXCL12 recruits regulatory T cells (Tregs), leading to Treg infiltration and increased TGF-β secretion in the microenvironment and promotes the formation of a tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. This study delineates the coordinate work axis of epithelial cells-iCAFs-Tregs in OSCC using SC, ST and TCGA bulk data, and highlights potential targets for therapy.

Rare adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis associated with CLN6 gene mutations:A case report

BACKGROUND Adult neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis(ANCL)can be caused by compound heterozygous recessive mutations in CLN6.The main clinical features of the disease are neurodegeneration,progressive motor dysfunction,seizures,cognitive decline,ataxia,vision loss and premature death.CASE SUMMARY A 37-year-old female presented to our clinic with a 3-year history of limb weakness and gradually experiencing unstable walking.The patient was diagnosed with CLN6 type ANCL after the identification of mutations in the CLN6 gene.The patient was treated with antiepileptic drugs.The patient is under ongoing followup.Unfortunately,the patient’s condition has deteriorated,and she is currently unable to care for herself.CONCLUSION There is presently no effective treatment for ANCL.However,early diagnosis and symptomatic treatment are possible.

Fine-needle aspiration for periprosthetic fluid removal after implantation of a remote internal-port tissue expander

Background:Use of internal filling ports in tissue expander–based reconstructions are advantageous because of easier self-care,lower infection rates,and fewer instances of capsule formation.The appearance of periprosthetic fluid accumulation after internal-port tissue expander implantation is a common complication that warrants treatment.In this study,we introduced a noninvasive method using fine-needle aspiration(FNA)to remove fluids accumulated after implantation of a remote internal-port tissue expander.Methods:In this study,245 patients who underwent implantation of remote internal-port tissue expanders in our hospital from July 1,2012,to July 1,2019,were included and divided into two groups.In the control group,patients underwent tissue expander implantation before July 1,2016,and large quantities of fluids were removed with surgical aspiration procedures in most cases.In the FNA group,the patients underwent implantation after July 1,2016,and large quantities of fluids were removed first with the FNA procedure.Patients’demographic data,indications for FNA application,and related complications were collected and analyzed.Results:Overall,395 expanders were placed in 245 patients.Postoperative management was similar in both groups.Fluids were managed with 23 expanders in the control group and with 31 expanders in the FNA group.There was no difference in the fluid aspiration rate between the two groups.The surgical aspiration rate was 11.1%(23/208)in the control group.The success rate of FNA was 90.3%(28/31).In the FNA group,the surgical aspiration rate was 1.6%(3/187),which was significantly lower than that in the control group.There were no significant differences in complications between the two groups.Conclusion:FNA can be used for periprosthetic fluid removal after the implantation of a remote internal-port tissue expander in most cases.This method is more convenient and safer than surgical aspiration for the postoperative management of internal-port tissue expander implantation.

NUPR1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by activating TFE3-dependent autophagy

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is the most common type of oral malignancy,and metastasis accounts for the poor prognosis of OSCC.Autophagy is considered to facilitate OSCC development by mitigating various cellular stresses;nevertheless,the mechanisms of autophagy in OSCC cell proliferation and metastasis remain unknown.In our study,high-sensitivity label-free quantitative proteomics analysis revealed nuclear protein 1(NUPR1)as the most significantly upregulated protein in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour samples derived from OSCC patients with or without lymphatic metastasis.