A gel polymer electrolyte with IL@UiO-66-NH_(2) as fillers for high-performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries

All solid-state electrolytes have the advantages of good mechanical and thermal properties for safer energy storage,but their energy density has been limited by low ionic conductivity and large interfacial resistance caused by the poor Li~+transport kinetics due to the solid-solid contacts between the electrodes and the solid-state electrolytes.Herein,a novel gel polymer electrolyte(UPP-5)composed of ionic liquid incorporated metal-organic frameworks nanoparticles(IL@MOFs)is designed,it exhibits satisfying electrochemical performances,consisting of an excellent electrochemical stability window(5.5 V)and an improved Li^(+)transference number of 0.52.Moreover,the Li/UPP-5/LiFePO_(4) full cells present an ultra-stable cycling performance at 0.2C for over 100 cycles almost without any decay in capacities.This study might provide new insight to create an effective Li^(+)conductive network for the development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries.

Thermochemical studies on complex of [Sm(o-NBA)_3phen]_2

A ternary complex [Sm(o-NBA)3phen]2 (o-NBA: o-Nitrobenzoate; phen: 1,10-phenanthroline) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, molar conductance, and thermogravimetric analysis. The dissolution enthalpies of SmCl3·6H2O(s), o-HNBA(s) and phen·H2O(s) in mixed solvent (VHCl :VDMF :VDMSO=2:2:1) were determined by calorimetry at 298.15 K. The enthalpy change of the reaction was determined to be rHmΔ θ=252.49±1.60 kJ/mol. Using the relevant data in the literature and a thermochemical recycle...

Dissolved Silica Adsorbed onto MnO_2 in Catalyzing the Decomposition of H_2O_2: Molecular Structural Rearrangement Revealed by FTIR,SEM-EDX and XRD

It has been generally unclear over the mechanism of inhibitory influence of silicate on structural rearrangement or solely physical adsorption onto manganese dioxide(MnO_2) about the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2). Consequently,several experiments were carried out by using MnO_2 as a catalyst for the decomposition of H_2O_2 in a concentration series under certain concentrations of silicates. The silicates were analyzed by using a molybdenum blue colorimetric method. The results showed that the determination of silicates was inhibited by H_2O_2, whose inhibitory effect was greatly increased by increasing its concentration, but not limited by p H. SEM-EDX(scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry) results showed that the adsorption of silicates onto the surface of MnO_2 was not purely via a structural rearrangement, with increasing Mn atoms protruding on the outer surface by covering oxygen and silicon atoms. XRD(X-ray diffraction) and FTIR(Fourier transform infrared) spectra results further revealed no significant total crystal structural changes in MnO_2 after the adsorption of silicates, but only a small shift of 0.21° at 2θ from 56.36° to 56.15°, and a FTIR vibration showed at around 1 050 cm-1. The results, therefore, showed that silicate adsorption onto MnO_2 took place via both surface adsorption and structural rearrangement by interfacial reaction.

Superconvergence analysis of the finite element method for nonlinear hyperbolic equations with nonlinear boundary condition

This paper discusses the semidiscrete finite element method for nonlinear hyperbolic equations with nonlinear boundary condition. The superclose property is derived through interpolation instead of the nonlinear H^1 projection and integral identity technique. Meanwhile, the global superconvergence is obtained based on the interpolated postprocessing techniques.

First-principles study of the formation and electronic structure of a conductive filament in ZnO-based resistive random access memory

Oxygen vacancy plays a crucial role in resistive switching. To date, a quantitative study about the distribution of the oxygen vacancies and its effect on the resistive switching has not yet been reported. In this study, we report our first-principles calculations in Zn O-based resistive switching memory grown on a Pt substrate. We show that the oxygen vacancies prefer to be located in the Zn O（0001） plane, i.e. in the direction parallel to the film surface in the preparation process. These oxygen vacancies drift easily in the film when a voltage is applied in the SET process and prefer to form a line defect perpendicular to the film surface. An isolated oxygen vacancy makes little contribution to the conductivity of Zn O,whereas the ordering of oxygen vacancies in the direction perpendicular to the film surface leads to a dramatic enhancement of the conductivity and thus forms conductive filaments. The semiconducting characteristics of the conductive filaments are confirmed experimentally.

Anomalous Temperature Dependence of Photoluminescence in InAs/InAlGaAs/InP Quantum Wire and Dot Hybrid Nanostructures

Self-assembled InAs quantum wires(QWRs)are fabricated on an InP substrate by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy(SSMBE).Photoluminescence(PL)spectra are investigated in these nanostructures as a function of temperature.An anomalous enhancement of PL intensity and a temperature insensitive PL emission are observed from InAs nanostructures grown on InP substrates using InAlGaAs as the matrix layer and the origin of this phenomenon is discussed.We attribute the anomalous temperature dependence of photoluminescence to the formation of Al-rich and In-rich region in the InAlGaAs buffer layer and the cap layer.

Preparation, Crystal Structure and Thermal Decomposition Process of Dysprosium Benzoate Complex with 1,10-Phenanthroline

A dinuclear dysprosium（III） complex with benzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline, [Dy（BA）3phen]2 （BA = benzoate, PHEN = 1,10-phenanthroline） （C66H46Dy2NaO12, Mr = 1412.07） was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, UV, IR, X-ray diffraction, molar conductance and TG-DTG techniques. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1 with a = 10.773（2）, b = 11.933（3）, c = 12.417（5） A, α= 105.226（3）,β= 93.470（3）, γ= 113.475（2）°, V= 1388.0（7）, Z = 1, Dc = 1.689 g/cm3, μ（MoKa） = 2.742 mm-1 and F（000） = 698. R = 0.0210, wR = 0.0538. In the crystal, each Dy（III） ion is eight-coordinated by one bidentate chelating carboxylate group, four bidentate bridging carboxylate groups and one 1,10-phenanthroline molecule. The thermal decomposition process of [Dy（BA）3phen]2 has been determined by thermal analysis.

Nonisothermal Kinetics of Dehydration Process of [Sm(m-ClBA)_3phen]_2·2H_2O and [Sm(p-ClBA)_3phen]_2·2H_2O

Compounds [Sm（m-CIBA）3phen]2.2H20 and [Sm（p-CIBA）3phen]2·2H20（m-CIBA=m-chlorobenzoate, pClBA=p-chlorobenzoate, phen=l,10-phenanthroline） were prepared. The dehydration processes and kinetics of these compounds were studied from the analysis of the DSC curves using a method of processing the data of thermal analysis kinetics. The Arrhenius equation for the dehydration process can be expressed as lnk=-38.65-243.90×l0^3/RT for [Sm（m-CIBA）3phen]2·2H2O, and lnk=38.70-172.22×103/RT for [Sm（p-CIBA）3phen]2·2H2O. The values of △H^1, △G^1, and △S^1 of dehydration reaction for the title comnonnds are determined respectively.

Study on Aroma Components of Six Kinds of Plum Fruits

[Objective] The aim was to study the aromas composition of plum fruit. [Method] The aroma components of six kinds of plum fruits were analyzed by SPME, detected and identified by GC-MS.[Result] 85 kinds of aroma substances were separated and identified, including 40 kinds of common components.The experiments had good reproducibility by strictly controlling the desorption temperature, time and sample holding time.The obtained chromatographic peak retention time and the normalized area variation coefficient CV% values were between 0.03% -0.54% and 5.85% -18.08% by experimenting the five precision of AoLi13.The qualitative and quantitative were fully meet repeatability requirements for test samples. [Conclusion] The study provided scientific basis for the development and process of plum industry in China.

A New Vanadium Phosphate Incorporating Copper-organonitrogen Ligand： Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Electrochemical Property

A new phosphovanadate metal-organic complex Cu（mbpy）（VO2）（PO4）（1, mbpy = 5,5＇-dimethyl-2,2＇-dipyridyl） has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. Single-crystal structure analysis reveals that compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 7.6640（4）, b = 18.8832（10）, c = 10.1893（5） A, β = 94.782（1）°, V = 1469.47（13）A^3, Z = 4, Mr = 425.69, Dc = 1.924 g/cm^3, F（000） = 852, μ（Mo Kα） = 2.224 mm-1, R = 0.0291 and w R = 0.0980. The crystal structure of 1 features a one-dimensional framework constructed by inorganic {Cu（VO2）（PO4）}∞ neutral chain and organic mbpy ligands. The electrochemical property of compound 1 modified carbon paste electrode has also been investigated.

Effects of Low-Frequency Source on a Dual-Frequency Capacitive Sheath near a Concave Electrode

A self-consistent two-dimensional （2D） collisionless fluid model is developed to sim- ulate the effects of the low-frequency （LF） power on a dual frequency （DF） capacitive sheath over an electrode with a cylindrical hole. In this paper, the time-averaged potential, electric field （E- field）, ion density in the sheath, and ion energy distributions （IEDs） at the center of the cylindrical hole＇s bottom are calculated and compared for different LF powers. The results show that the LF power is crucial for determining the sheath structure. As the LF power decreases, the potential drop decreases, the sheath becomes thinner, and the plasma molding effect seems to be more significant. The existence of a radial E-field near the sidewalls of a hole may cause a significant portion of ions to strike the sidewall and lead to the phenomenon of notching.

Proper Particle Size Range for Resistance to Chemical Oxidation: A Perspective on the Recalcitrance of Beanpod Biochar for Soil Carbon Sequestration

The effect of particle size on the recalcitrance of biochar against oxidation has been regarded as one of the most important factors influencing its stability and transportation in soils. Little is known about the peculiar stability of different particle sizes under chemical oxidation conditions. In this study, several sizes of biochar particles derived from beanpod were produced,and their stabilities were tested by using acid dichromate and hydrogen peroxide. We discovered that the 60-100 mesh size of particles produced at 400 and 500 ℃ showed the least carbon loss under the oxidation of both dichromate and hydrogen peroxide. In addition, this particle size also shows great stability at 600 and 700 ℃, but this stability was not observed below 300 °C for all temperature-dependent biochars. Medium-sized particles composed of exclusively heterogeneous components produced a biochar at temperatures over 400 ℃ with comparatively stronger chemical anti-oxidation characteristics. The chemical recalcitrance of biochar should be reevaluated based on particle size before soil application.

Non-isothermal kinetics of the first-stage decomposition reaction of the complex of samarium p-methoxybenzoate with 1,10-phenanthroline

The complex of [Sm（p-MOBA）3phen]2 （p-MOBA, p-methoxybenzoate; phen,1 10-phenanthroline） was prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and UV spectroscopy. The thermal decomposition of the [Sm（p-MOBA）sphen]2 complex and its kinetics were studied under a static air atmosphere by TG-DTG methods. The intermediate and residue for each decomposition stage were identified from the TG curve. The kinetic parameters and mecha- nisms of the first decomposition stage were obtained from the analysis of the TG-DTG curves by a new method of processing the data of thermal analysis kinetics. The lifetime equation at a mass loss of 10% was deduced as lnr= - 30.6795 ＋ 21034.56/Tby isothermal thermogravimelric analysis.

Non-isothermal Decomposition Kinetics of Complexes [Sm(m-MBA)_3phen]_2 and [Sm(o-MOBA)_3phen]_2·2H_2O

In recent years, there has been considerable inte- rest in complexes formed by lanthanide cations and va-rious benzoate derivatives^[1-4], due to their potential application in areas, such as extraction, separation, germicide preparation, catalysis, luminescence, and functional material preparation^[5]. As a continuation of the study on lanthanide carboxylate^[6-13], samarium complexes with m-methylbenzoic acid or o-methoxy- benzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and IR spec- trometry. The thermal decomposition mechanisms of the two complexes were derived and the corresponding non- isothermal kinetics was studied using the Achar diffe- rential method^[14], the MKN integral method^[15], the non-linear isoconversional integral （ NL-INT）, and dif-ferential（NL-DIF） method^[16,17]. The information of the thermodynamic properties of the complex is impor- tant to characterize and understand the properties of the coordination compound, which could eventually be use-ful in determining their potential application.

Birefringence of Irregular-Microstructure Fibre

Birefringence of a microstructure fibre with irregular structures is investigated using the finite element method. The birefringence of each sample is statistically analysed, and the relation between the birefringence and the irregular structure of the microstructure fibre is derived. The results indicate that the irregular structure of the symmetrical microstructure fibre result in the birefringence which is more strongly affected by disorder of air holes than the nonuniformity. Moreover, lower birefringence can be obtained with smaller air holes and larger pitch in the fibre structure.

Highly Sensitive Detection of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Hybridization Using Au-Gated AlInN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor-Based Sensors

Gallium nitride- （GaN） based high electron mobility transistors （HEMTs） provide a good platform for biological detection. In this work, both Au-gated AlInN/GaN HEMT and AlGaN/GaN HEMT biosensors are fabricated for the detection of deoxyribonucleic acid （DNA） hybridization. The Au-gated AIInN/GaN HEMT biosensor exhibits higher sensitivity in comparison with the AlGaN/GaN HEMT biosensor. For the former, the drain-source current （VDS = 0.5 V） shows a clear decrease of 69μA upon the introduction of 1μmolL^-1 （μM） complimentary DNA to the probe DNA at the sensor area, while for the latter it is only 38 μA. This current reduction is a notable indication of the hybridization. The high sensitivity can be attributed to the thinner barrier of the AlInN/GaN heterostructure, which makes the two-dimensional electron gas channel more susceptible to a slight change of the surface charge.

Electric-dipole allowed(E1) and forbidden(E2,M1 and M2) transition probabilities of 4f for N^+

By applying systematically enlarged multi-configuration Dirac-Fock wavefunction, the transitions for electricdipole allowed （E1） and forbidden （E2, M1 and M2） lines are studied among 4f pair coupling and low-lying configurations for singly ionized nitrogen. Most important effects of relativity, electron correlation, the rearrangement of electron density, Breit interaction, and quantum electrodynamic effects are included in the computation. Then, allowed （E1） and forbidden （E2, M1 and M2） transition probabilities of 4f for N＋ are obtained and compared with experimental results. Good agreement with available experimental results is found and most of the data of 4f are presented for the first time.

Successive phase transformation in ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Co_(37)Ni_(34)Al_(29) melt-spun ribbons

The martensitic transformation in Co37Ni34Al29 ribbon is characterized in detail by means of in-situ thermostatic x-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements.The results show a structural transition from the body-centred cubic to martensite with a tetragonal structure during cooling.Comparison between the results of the diffraction intensity with the magnetic susceptibility measurements indicates that the martensitic transformation takes place in several different steps during cooling from 273 to 163 K.During heating from 313 to 873 K,the peak width becomes very wide and the intensity turns very low.The γ-phase （face-centred cubic structure） emerges and increases gradually with temperature increasing from 873 to 1073 K.